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Chapter 7.1: The Mole and Molar Conversions

Chapter 7.1: The Mole and Molar Conversions. Objectives: (1) To define the mole. (2) To perform molar conversions. THE MOLE. Do you know the following?. 1 pair = 1 dozen = 1 score = 1 gross = 1 ream = 1 mole (mol) =. 1 pair = 2 1 dozen = 12 1 score = 20 1 gross = 144

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Chapter 7.1: The Mole and Molar Conversions

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  1. Chapter 7.1: The Mole and Molar Conversions • Objectives: • (1) To define the mole. • (2) To perform molar conversions.

  2. THE MOLE

  3. Do you know the following? • 1 pair = • 1 dozen = • 1 score = • 1 gross = • 1 ream = • 1 mole (mol) =

  4. 1 pair = 2 • 1 dozen = 12 • 1 score = 20 • 1 gross = 144 • 1 ream = 500 • 1 mole (mol) = 6.02 x 1023

  5. The MOLE • A mole of a substance is 6.02x1023representative particles of that substance. • This number is called Avogadro’s number. • The symbol for mole is mol.

  6. Representative Particle • The term representative particle refers to the species present in a substance (i.e. atoms or molecules) • Example: Ca is one atom • Example: CO2 is one molecule (i.e. molecular compound)

  7. Representative Particle • What is the representative particle of Ca? • What is the representative particle of H2O? • What is the representative particle of CO? • What is the representative particle of Zn?

  8. Representative Particle What is the representative particle of Ca? atom What is the representative particle of H2O? molecule What is the representative particle of CO? molecule What is the representative particle of Zn? atom

  9. The Concept of the Mole • One mole of donuts contains 6.02 x 1023 donuts • One mole of H2O contains 6.02 x 1023 molecules • One mole of nails contains 6.02 x 1023 nails • One mole of Fe contains 6.02 x 1023 atoms • One mole of dogs contains 6.02 x 1023 dogs • One mole of electrons contains 6.02 x 1023 electrons Get the idea?

  10. Just How Big is a Mole? Mole Facts • 6.02 X 1023 Watermelon Seeds: Would be found inside a melon slightly larger than the moon. • 6.02 X 1023 Donut Holes: Would cover the earth and be 5 miles (8 km) deep. • 6.02 X 1023 Pennies: Would make at least 7 stacks that would reach the moon. • 6.02 X 1023 Grains of Sand: Would be more than all of the sand on Miami Beach.

  11. Molar Conversions • How many eggs are in 15 dozen?

  12. Molar Conversions • How many eggs are in 15 dozen? 15 dozen 12 eggs 180 eggs 1 dozen

  13. Molar Conversions Roadmap Divide by 6.022x1023 Multiply by molar mass MOLES Grams Atoms or Molecules Multiply by 6.022x1023 Divide by molar mass

  14. Solving Molar Conversion Problems • Step 1: Figure out how many parts your calculation will have using the diagram. • Step 2: Make a T-chart and enter number/units in the appropriate spaces. • Step 3: Fill in your conversion factor. • Step 4: Cancel units. • Step 5: Multiply numbers on top and divide by numbers on the bottom.

  15. Example #1 • How many moles are in 3.01 x 1023 molecules of sulfur dioxide?

  16. Example #1 • How many moles are in 3.01 x 1023 molecules of sulfur dioxide? 3.01 x 1023 molecules SO2 1 mol SO2 6.02 x 1023 molecules SO2

  17. Example #1 • How many moles are in 3.01 x 1023 molecules of sulfur dioxide? 3.01 x 1023 molecules SO2 1 mol SO2 0.50 mol SO2 6.02 x 1023 molecules SO2

  18. Example #2 • How many moles of carbon dioxide are present in 3.161 x 1023 molecules of carbon dioxide?

  19. Example #2 • How many moles of carbon dioxide are present in 3.161 x 1023 molecules of carbon dioxide? 3.161 x 1023 molecules CO2 1 mol CO2 6.02 x 1023 molecules CO2

  20. Example #2 • How many moles of carbon dioxide are present in 3.161 x 1023 molecules of carbon dioxide? 3.161 x 1023 molecules CO2 1 mol CO2 0.53 mol CO2 6.02 x 1023 molecules CO2

  21. Example #3 • How many moles of carbon are in 2.44 x 1023 atoms of carbon?

  22. Example #3 • How many moles of carbon are in 2.44 x 1023 atoms of carbon? 2.44 x 1023 atoms C 1 mol C 6.02 x 1023 atoms C

  23. Example #3 • How many moles of carbon are in 2.44 x 1023 atoms of carbon? 2.44 x 1023 atoms C 1 mol C 0.41 mol C 6.02 x 1023 atoms C

  24. Example #4 • How many molecules are in 0.125 moles of carbon dioxide?

  25. Example #4 • How many molecules are in 0.125 moles of carbon dioxide? 0.125 moles CO2 6.02 x 1023 molecules CO2 1 mole CO2

  26. Example #4 • How many molecules are in 0.125 moles of carbon dioxide? 0.125 moles CO2 6.02 x 1023 molecules CO2 7.53 x 1022 molecules CO2 1 mole CO2

  27. Example #5 • How many atoms are in 2.50 moles of Au?

  28. Example #5 • How many atoms are in 2.50 moles of Au? 6.02 x 1023 atoms Au 2.50 moles Au 1 mole Au

  29. Example #5 • How many atoms are in 2.50 moles of Au? 6.02 x 1023 atoms Au 2.50 moles Au 1.51 x 1024 atoms Au 1 mole Au

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