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European Exploration

European Exploration. Exploration: 3 reasons. Gold Glory God Remember the 3 G’s!. Spain Expands its Influence. Columbus persuades Spanish rulers to fund his expeditions to ‘Asia’ ($, God) 1492-Nina, Pinta , Santa Maria set sail west

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European Exploration

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  1. European Exploration

  2. Exploration: 3 reasons • Gold • Glory • God • Remember the 3 G’s!

  3. Spain Expands its Influence • Columbus persuades Spanish rulers to fund his expeditions to ‘Asia’ ($, God) • 1492-Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria set sail west • Visited Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola (thought they were Asian islands) • Began colonizing lands on subsequent voyages • First permanent colony-Hispaniola (named it Santa Domingo) • 4 voyages total • Isabella and Ferdinand stopped funding because they heard that Columbus was enslaving, torturing, and killing thousands of natives.

  4. Spain Establishes Colonies • Conquistadors-Spanish explorers; looking for wealth • 1519-Spain sent Alonzo Alvarez de Pineda to map the coastline of the Gulf of Mexico & establish a colony>1st Europeans to observe the Texas coast • Alvarez de Pineda retreats (Cortes) and establishes a colony in what is now Mexico • Hernan Cortes explores area that is now Mexico, and establishes a colony there-1519. • Moctezuma, Aztec emporer, believed Cortes was one of their God’s and welcomed him. But Cortes attacked and defeated the Aztecs because they wanted their gold.

  5. Spain Establishes Colonies • Panfilo de Narvaezgiven Floridaby the king of Spain-1526. He went ashore, planning on meeting ships later, but when they got there, no ships. • Built rafts, but a hurricane took most of them out, including Narvaez-1528. • Remaining 80 beached in Galveston. 1st known Europeans to set foot in Texas. • Karankawas (Coastal Plains) aided Spaniards with food and shelter, but caught diseases from them. Only 4 Spaniards remained after 6 years.

  6. Spain Establishes Colonies • Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca, 1 of 4 surviving Spaniards (2nd in command) and Estevanico, an African, escaped and traveled across Texas into Mexico-1536. 1st Europeans to explore the interior of Texas. Knowledge of herbs/healing and surgery helped him deal with other Native Americans. Told Spanish officials about the legend of the seven cities of gold, Cibola. • 1540-Francisco Vasquez de Coronado began searching for Cibola. Zuni village-no gold. Split mission-crossed New Mexico (present day) into Texas. • 1539-2nd mission led by Hernando de Soto>Florida. Died exploring, but successor, Moscoso-Texarkana. Built boats to said from mouth of Mississippi back to Mexico-major interior US exploration

  7. Spain Establishes Missions • 1598-Santa Fe-established by Spain in New Mexico • 1629,32-missionaries go into Texas to work among Jumanos • 1682-1st Texas mission established-Corpus Christie de la Ysleta (El Paso today). Purpose: spread Christianity to Native Americans in the area.

  8. The French Explore Texas • The Spanish were not happy about their rivals, France, were exploring the Texas coast. • Rene-Robert Cavalier, Sieur de La Salle, sledded down the frozen Illinois River to the Mississippi River, then canoed down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico. He claimed the River, all lands it watered for France. Named it Louisiana, in honor of the king of France, King Louis XIV. • The king approved a colony there, but La Salle had issues with attacks, finding the mouth of the Mississippi again, a ship grounding. Ended up establishing Ft. St. Louis in Victoria County in 1685. 300 colonists/100 soldiers.

  9. Fort St. Louis fails • Karankawas/lost goods • Drought ruined crops • Colonists grew sick/left colony • By 1686, only 45 remained • LaSalle killed by his own men rebelling

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