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https://uqu.edu.sa/aesimsaa. Islam and Health Lessons for health promotion. Objectives. Students will have a greater awareness of: the Islamic contribution to health promotion the importance of health care in Islam methods of health education and health promotion for Muslim communities.
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Objectives Students will have a greater awareness of: the Islamic contribution to health promotion the importance of health care in Islam methods of health education and health promotion for Muslim communities
Modern preventive health concepts owe much to the body of knowledge inherited from Arab and Muslim doctors in the 7th to 17th centuries. They had a good understanding of the environmental causes of disease, and recognized the need for people to be informed about maintaining good health.
Importance of personal hygiene Disease as an imbalance of natural processes Avoidance of alcohol and excess food Recognition of environmental pollution as a cause of disease Islamic concepts of prevention
Health promotion through Islamic Lifestyles : The Amman Declaration 1409/1989 Produced by WHO EMRO and Islamic organisations to promote good health in Islamic communities. Key points: responsibility of professionals for health education Islamic context helps understanding Islam advocates consultation, cooperation and self-reliance.
The full text of the Amman Declaration is as follows: Health promotion through Islamic Lifestyles: The Amman Declaration 1409/1989
The Amman Declaration on Health Promotion continued First: Health is a blessing from God, which many people do not appreciate, as is mentioned in the hadith. Second: Health is but one element of life, and cannot be complete unless the other major elements are provided, including: freedom, security, justice, education, work, self-sufficiency, food, water, clothing, housing, marriage and environmental health. Third: People can preserve their health, as enjoined in the Quran, by maintaining a moderate health balance in a state of dynamic equilibrium, neither exceeding the bounds, nor falling short in that balance. Fourth: Every human being is in possession of a certain health potential, which they must develop in order to enjoy complete well-being and ward off disease, as is mentioned in the hadith. Fifth: The lifestyles followed by human beings have a major impact on their health and well-being.
Sixth: Islamic lifestyles embrace numerous positive patterns promoting health and rejecting any behaviour which is contradictory to health. Seventh: Islam, as defined in the Quran, is the natural course of life which God has bestowed on humanity. Hence, adhering to Islamic lifestyles is, in itself, a realization of the true nature of the human being, and ensures harmony with the laws of God in body and soul, in the individual, the family and community, and between human beings and their environment. Eighth: The document appended to this Declaration comprises a list of the Islamic lifestyles derived from the Quran and the sunna of the Prophet, Peace Be Upon Him, and affecting health development and human development in general. It comprises an integral part of this Declaration. Ninth: The Consultation calls upon all international organizations, governments, voluntary and nongovernmental organizations to promote health by encouraging positive lifestyles.
Health Education through Islamic religion The Right Path to Health 1. Islamic Rulings in Smoking 2. Water and Sanitation in Islam 3. Islamic Ruling on Animal Slaughter 4. Health Promotion through Islamic Lifestyles; the Amman Declaration 5. The Role of Religion and Ethics in the Prevention and Control of AIDS 6. Health an Islamic Perspective 7.Environmental Health an Islamic Perspective 8. Islamic Rulings on Male and Female Circumcision
Zat al bain : essential bonds within a community Fard el kifaya: Collective duty to care about others Duty to help communities to be self-sufficient Responsibility of professionals to apply their knowledge to improve health Community-based health promotion : Islamic concepts
Community: what does it mean? • A group of people living in one locality • a group who share beliefs • a group who share interests • communities are not homogeneous: they contain contain rich and poor, old and young, weak and strong
There are different definitions of community. People may see themselves as belonging to more than one community - religious, economic and national, for example. Some may feel that geographical location is most important, for example in village communities. In every case, the communities are not homogeneous. This means that consultation and cooperation are required to deal with conflict and improve health and welfare equitably.Participation of community members should not be imposed from outside - sharing within a community is needed.
Child Care in Islam Islam emphasises the importance of children’s health. The book “Child Care in Islam” by Al Azhar University, Cairo summarises Islamic principles on: • state and right of the child • child survival and development • nutrition and health • child rearing in Islam • hygiene
Child Care in Islam Islamic principles and messages from religious texts. For example: • “There is no bigger sin than neglecting your dependents” • “Eat and drink but waste not by excess.” • “Educate your children for they are born for a time that is not yours.”
Child Care in IslamMore examples of relevant messages from religious texts: • “…...start with the girls first” • “Cleanliness is half the faith” • “Islam has instructed us to wash (hands) before and after our meals, as well as during ablutions”, and many other instructions to wash regularly and keep the body clean.
The messages are not enough on their own. To achieve understanding and changes in behaviour, a good communication process is needed. Health educators need to consider Who delivers the message? and How ? Translating messages into health education
Components of a health education programme: • consultation with communities involved • agreeing target groups • objectives of the programme • the priority messages • appropriate health educators • suitable locations • the type of communication • the method of evaluation
Consultation: Islamic structures canenable appropriate health education • Shura is consultation between people and their leaders • Waqfs are contributions to welfare • Health authorities cooperate with Shura • Responsibilities of communities, mosques and madrasas
Example:components of a health education programme for Muslim womenon healthy infant feeding • Consultation: health team consult the local Shuracouncil, religious leaders. Female health workers consult older women and women’s organisations. Male leaders are asked to consult and represent female family members. Use ofWaqfsresources for meetings. • Objectivesare agreed, such as: • to provide support to every mother who wishes to breastfeed; • to ensure all women know the best local foods for weaning infants.
Example of health education programme on infant feedingcontinued • Messages: for example • “Mothers shall suckle their children for two years” (Quran II 233) • Rice is a good weaning food • Health educators: women over 25 yrs and wives or sisters of leaders and health workers. Their training emphasises the value of Fard el kifaya, collective duty to care about others. • Locations:health authorities, Shura and religious leaders help to provide locations. Suitable for women: homes, hospitals and health centres, water sources, social gatherings.
Example of health education programme on infant feedingcontinued • Communicationof the messages by female health educators; individual and group discussions; two-way communication rather than lectures; listening to women’s problems; audio-visual materials such as stories, pictures, calendars, demonstrations of weaning foods. • Evaluationby • survey of breastfeeding and weaning, acceptable to women • interviews to assess satisfaction of mothers • review by health team and Shuracouncil.
Health education planning cycle Shura and community consultation Evaluation by health educators and women Objectives and messages Women health educators Two-way communication in locations for women Training using Islamic values
Islamic scholarship made a historical contribution to health education Today Islam can contribute messages, structures and policies Combining systematic planning and Islamic structures can improve health education for Muslim communities Summary
