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Basic Laboratory Safety Training

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Basic Laboratory Safety Training

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    1. 1 Basic Laboratory Safety Training Faculty Safety Managers Stefan Hoyle & Jan de Abela-Borg

    2. sdfgafgafga 2 Module 2 Hazardous chemicals

    3. Reinforce basics of risk assessment Explain how chemicals can cause harm Identify and understand control measures to minimise chemical exposure Describe how fume cupboards work and how to use them

    4. sdfgafgafga 4 Routes of exposure Respiratory system particularly vulnerable: contamination of nose, throat, mouth and respiratory tract. If contaminants reach the lungs then there is the potential to affect the body system Skin contact most common route of exposure in industrial situations and probably within the College. Can include eye contact in this category. Ingestion least likely route of exposure in laboratory situations: - hand to mouth contamination (poor occupational hygiene) - mouth pipetting banned long ago. Respiratory system particularly vulnerable: contamination of nose, throat, mouth and respiratory tract. If contaminants reach the lungs then there is the potential to affect the body system Skin contact most common route of exposure in industrial situations and probably within the College. Can include eye contact in this category. Ingestion least likely route of exposure in laboratory situations: - hand to mouth contamination (poor occupational hygiene) - mouth pipetting banned long ago.

    5. 5 Risk factors THREE FACTORS INFLUENCE THE ABILITY OF A SUBSTANCE TO CAUSE HARM: 1. THE INTINSIC HAZARD For purposes of assessment, hazardous substances may be divided into thre bands: low, medium and high health hazard. Simple skin irritants at the low end of scale; respiratory irritants, corrosives and ‘harmfuls’ in the medium category and the real nasties at the high end (toxic, very toxics, mutagens, carcinogens etc.). THREE FACTORS INFLUENCE THE ABILITY OF A SUBSTANCE TO CAUSE HARM: 1. THE INTINSIC HAZARD For purposes of assessment, hazardous substances may be divided into thre bands: low, medium and high health hazard. Simple skin irritants at the low end of scale; respiratory irritants, corrosives and ‘harmfuls’ in the medium category and the real nasties at the high end (toxic, very toxics, mutagens, carcinogens etc.).

    6. 6 Risk factors MSDS not the only source of hazard information (specialist publications, trade associations etc), but will certainly be the main source used for COSHH assessments. In addition to being supplied with the substance, many MSDS’s can be found on the web. MSDS not the only source of hazard information (specialist publications, trade associations etc), but will certainly be the main source used for COSHH assessments. In addition to being supplied with the substance, many MSDS’s can be found on the web.

    7. 7 Risk factors OPTIONAL SLIDE Signage recognition: Orange – CHIP type signage (container labels etc.) Yellow / black – COSHH hazard warning signage (general laboratory use). Diamonds – dangerous goods transportation signage. OPTIONAL SLIDE Signage recognition: Orange – CHIP type signage (container labels etc.) Yellow / black – COSHH hazard warning signage (general laboratory use). Diamonds – dangerous goods transportation signage.

    8. sdfgafgafga 8 Risk factors Chemicals that present a risk to safety are covered by other regulations e.g. DSEAR………..but control hierarchies are very similar. Important to consider disposal routes where chemicals with an environmental impact are concerned. Chemicals that present a risk to safety are covered by other regulations e.g. DSEAR………..but control hierarchies are very similar. Important to consider disposal routes where chemicals with an environmental impact are concerned.

    9. 9 Risks factors Slide self-explanatory WELs recently replaced MELs and OESs STELS and LTELs Also listed in EH40 Slide self-explanatory WELs recently replaced MELs and OESs STELS and LTELs Also listed in EH40

    10. sdfgafgafga 10 Risk factors SECOND CONTRIBUTORY FACTOR: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES High BP >150C Medium BP 50-150C Low <50C Activity also has a bearing on likelihood pf liquids becoming airborne e.g. spraying, aerosolisation etc. THIRD CONTRIBUTORY FACTOR: QUANTITY For assessment purposes, quantities adjusted for typical university research activities which are typically much smaller than those encountered in industry. SECOND CONTRIBUTORY FACTOR: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES High BP >150C Medium BP 50-150C Low <50C Activity also has a bearing on likelihood pf liquids becoming airborne e.g. spraying, aerosolisation etc. THIRD CONTRIBUTORY FACTOR: QUANTITY For assessment purposes, quantities adjusted for typical university research activities which are typically much smaller than those encountered in industry.

    11. sdfgafgafga 11 Risk factors Self explanatory slideSelf explanatory slide

    12. What 3 properties of a chemical would we consider when carrying out a risk assessment? Physical properties / Quantity being used / Intrinsic hazard Molecular weight / Intrinsic hazard / Physical properties Flammability / Quantity being used / sell by date Environmental impact / sell by date / reactivity with other chemicals

    13. What is the correct sequence (hierarchy) of implementing controls to minimise chemical exposure? Elimination (substitution) / Segregation / PPE (personal protective equipment) PPE / administrative controls / segregation Risk assessment / PPE / Permit to work system Administrative controls / PPE / physical controls Elimination / PPE / storage considerations

    14. sdfgafgafga 14 Control measures COSHH HEIRARCHY ELIMINATION OR SUBSTITUTION. Safer form of same chemical: Respirable dusts > dissolvable tablets / pellets > Ready made solutions EXCLUSION OF NON-ESSENTIAL PERSONNEL Access control systems Physical barriers - swipe card or coded access Plus administrative controls: Formal permit to work systems for maintenance contractors Established procedures for cleanersCOSHH HEIRARCHY ELIMINATION OR SUBSTITUTION. Safer form of same chemical: Respirable dusts > dissolvable tablets / pellets > Ready made solutions EXCLUSION OF NON-ESSENTIAL PERSONNEL Access control systems Physical barriers - swipe card or coded access Plus administrative controls: Formal permit to work systems for maintenance contractors Established procedures for cleaners

    15. sdfgafgafga 15 Control measures MINIMISATION: Stock control – don’t order new chemicals when they may already exist Get old, unwanted hazardous chemicals off the premises before the containers disintegrate ENGINEERING CONTROL E.G. LEV Fume Cupboards: When: Volatile, flammable substances, serious Risk Phrases, WEL’s; significant quantities…..when the MSDS tells you! FC’s are not MSC’s – should not be used where viable organisms are present. Not filtered – what goes up the stack goes to atmosphere. Sash height, 150ml distance, new designs and old types. Maintenance every 14 months – check. Don’t use as permanent storage area. SAFE STORAGE Storage: fire-rated cabinets, drip trays, proper signage, nothing hazardous on high shelves; bulk quantities in dedicated stores.MINIMISATION: Stock control – don’t order new chemicals when they may already exist Get old, unwanted hazardous chemicals off the premises before the containers disintegrate ENGINEERING CONTROL E.G. LEV Fume Cupboards: When: Volatile, flammable substances, serious Risk Phrases, WEL’s; significant quantities…..when the MSDS tells you! FC’s are not MSC’s – should not be used where viable organisms are present. Not filtered – what goes up the stack goes to atmosphere. Sash height, 150ml distance, new designs and old types. Maintenance every 14 months – check. Don’t use as permanent storage area. SAFE STORAGE Storage: fire-rated cabinets, drip trays, proper signage, nothing hazardous on high shelves; bulk quantities in dedicated stores.

    16. sdfgafgafga 16 Control measures SAFE TRANSPORTATION Internal transport: the disposable gloves issue Secondary containment with handles Safebreak bottles. No offsite transportation without consultation. PPE Good glove selection guidance on OH web pages. SAFE DISPOSAL * Do not go into too much detail if MSDS exercise is carried out later – this has a question on chemical waste disposal.SAFE TRANSPORTATION Internal transport: the disposable gloves issue Secondary containment with handles Safebreak bottles. No offsite transportation without consultation. PPE Good glove selection guidance on OH web pages. SAFE DISPOSAL * Do not go into too much detail if MSDS exercise is carried out later – this has a question on chemical waste disposal.

    17. sdfgafgafga 17 Control measures HOUSEKEEPING: Shit housekeeping equals shit research Three photos – could have been 300. INFORMATION, INSTRUCTION AND TRAINING Ask to see risk assessments / protocols. Ensure you have been shown how to do things. EMERGENCY PROCEDURES Spillage procedures First aid – College policy and guidance is available on OH website First aid fire fighting only – get out and leave to emergency services HOUSEKEEPING: Shit housekeeping equals shit research Three photos – could have been 300. INFORMATION, INSTRUCTION AND TRAINING Ask to see risk assessments / protocols. Ensure you have been shown how to do things. EMERGENCY PROCEDURES Spillage procedures First aid – College policy and guidance is available on OH website First aid fire fighting only – get out and leave to emergency services

    18. 18 Fume Hoods The fume cupboard is a major means of controlling your exposure to chemicals and other airborne hazardous materials.  A moving curtain of air (at 0.5 ±0.1 ms-1) being drawn past the operator, through the opening, over the work, then up the exhaust stack reduces your exposure.  A fume cupboard used properly provides adequate protection.  However, use a fume cupboard incorrectly and it may result in dangerous material escaping from the cupboard.

    19. Fume Hoods: Before Use Ensure the fume cupboard is operational and there is an airflow.  Listen and feel for air movement - this should be obvious with the sash in its lowest position. Check for obvious surface contamination.  Clean if necessary, to avoid adverse reactions with the chemicals in use. Ensure that you have enough space to conduct your work safely. Position equipment, apparatus, and materials in the centre and back of the cupboard to minimise disturbance to airflow.  Where practical, place everything within the cupboard before starting operations.

    20. Fume Hoods: During Use Avoid sudden rapid movements in front of the cupboard.  These can cause turbulence that may draw the airborne hazardous material out of the cupboard. Use the sash position to your advantage - Fully open - access for setting up equipment, Partially open, at safe working height - when handling material inside the cupboard while experiment is in progress. Lowered - when the process is in operation and intervention is no longer required. Accidental spills of chemicals should be cleaned up immediately (i.e. as soon as it is safe to do so).

    21. 21 Fume Hoods: Emergency procedures If the fume hood breaks down during a hazardous procedure: Make the experiment safe Turn off ignition sources Close reagent containers Inform your demonstrator/supervisor immediately

    22. Which of the following should you not use a fume cupboard for? Weighing fine powders Decanting 2.5 litres of methanol to smaller bottles Homogenisation of human tissue Distilling flammable solvents

    23. 23 No horseplay in the lab !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! OPTIONAL SLIDE Can mention incident in Chemistry Dept whereby lab occupants attached syringe needles to the ceiling and floated gas filled balloons up to burst them. One the game was over, needles were left in place. Contractor installing cabling at a later point impaled his neck on one of the syringes while up a ladder – took out a negligence claim against the College.OPTIONAL SLIDE Can mention incident in Chemistry Dept whereby lab occupants attached syringe needles to the ceiling and floated gas filled balloons up to burst them. One the game was over, needles were left in place. Contractor installing cabling at a later point impaled his neck on one of the syringes while up a ladder – took out a negligence claim against the College.

    24. 24 Carrying out and recording the COSHH risk assessment STEP 2: Mention individual susceptibility e.g women of child bearing age – possible increased susceptibility to chemicals with certain Risk Phrases that present possible risk to the unborn child STEP 2: Mention individual susceptibility e.g women of child bearing age – possible increased susceptibility to chemicals with certain Risk Phrases that present possible risk to the unborn child

    25. Chemistry Department Risk Assessment forms

    26. sdfgafgafga 26 Laboratory activities that present a specific risk OPTIONAL BUT USEFUL SLIDE Some common laboratory activities with suggested control measures.OPTIONAL BUT USEFUL SLIDE Some common laboratory activities with suggested control measures.

    27. Accidents do happen…… Self explanatory slide – common laboratory accidents.Self explanatory slide – common laboratory accidents.

    28. Sources of further information

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