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Subnetting

Subnetting. Divide a network to smaller networks (subnets) Reasons Reduce network traffic Improve network performance Management Allocate host bits for subnet bits Make use of subnet masks. Subnet Mask. A 32-bit string All 1s and then all 0s, they never mix

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Subnetting

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  1. Subnetting • Divide a network to smaller networks (subnets) • Reasons • Reduce network traffic • Improve network performance • Management • Allocate host bits for subnet bits • Make use of subnet masks Subnetting (YOUNG)

  2. Subnet Mask • A 32-bit string • All 1s and then all 0s, they never mix • It specifies number of bits for network ID in an IP address Network Class ID Subnet ID Host ID Network ID Subnetting (YOUNG)

  3. Subnet Mask (Example I) • IP address: 190.138.23.45 • Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0 • Network ID: 190.138.0.0 • Host ID: 23.45 Subnetting (YOUNG)

  4. Subnet Mask (Example II) • IP Address: 201.100.26.171 • Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192 11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000 • First 26 bits as network ID, therefore • Network ID: 201.100.26.128 • Host ID: 43 Subnetting (YOUNG)

  5. Subnet Mask (Example III) • Design a subnet mask for a Class B network with 25 subnets • Number of bits for subnet = lg(25+2) = 5 • Number of bits for network ID = 16+5=21 • Subnet mask is 11111111.11111111.11111000.00000000 255.255.248.0 Subnetting (YOUNG)

  6. Subnet Mask (Example IV) • Given IP address 203.59.43.134 and subnet mask 255.255.255.192, find valid host range in this subnet • Network ID: 203.59.43.128 • All 0 and all 1 host IDs are reserved, therefore • 203.59.43.129 – 203.59.43.190 • Number of hosts 62 • To verify: 62 = 26-2 Subnetting (YOUNG)

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