AP World Mr. Owen Fall 2012

1. CHAPTER 10 The Worlds of European Christendom: Connected and Divided 500–1300 AP World Mr. Owen Fall 2012

2. Eastern Christendom:Building on the Roman Past • Intro • 330 CE = Constantine • 5th Century = West Falls • Byzantine advantages • The Byzantine State • Political • Persian style Court • Ultimate goal = taxes / maintain order • 1083 Territory started to shrink • 1453 Constantinople conquered

4. Eastern Christendom:Building on the Roman Past • The Byzantine Church and Christian Divergence • Church was closely tied to the state: “caesaropapism” • Orthodox Christianity deeply influenced all of Byzantine life • Eastern Orthodoxy increasingly defined itself in opposition to Latin Christianity

5. Eastern Christendom:Building on the Roman Past • Byzantium and the World • Byzantium had a foot in both Europe and Asia , interacted intensively with neighbors • continuation of long Roman fight with Persian Empire • Byzantium was a central player in long-distance Eurasian trade • Important cultural influence of Byzantium

6. Eastern Christendom:Building on the Roman Past • The Conversion of Russia • Prince Vladimir of Kiev • Orthodoxy transformed state of Rus • became central to Russian identity • Moscow finally declared itself to be the “third Rome”

8. Western Christendom: Rebuilding in the Wake of Roman Collapse • Intro • Western Europe was on the margins of world history for most of the postclassical millennium.

9. Western Christendom: Rebuilding in the Wake of Roman Collapse • Political Life in Western Europe, 500–1000 • Traditional date for fall of western Roman Empire is 476 C.E. • Results of Roman Collapse • Survival of much of classical and Roman heritage • Several Germanic kingdoms tried to recreate Roman-style unity

11. Western Christendom: Rebuilding in the Wake of Roman Collapse • Society and the Church, 500–1000 • within these new kingdoms: • social hierarchies • Catholic Church was a major element of stability • Church and ruling class usually reinforced each other

12. Western Christendom: Rebuilding in the Wake of Roman Collapse • Accelerating Change in the West, 1000–1300 • a series of invasions in 700–1000 hindered European development • weather improved with warming trend that started after 750 • High Middle Ages: time of clear growth and expansion

14. Western Christendom: Rebuilding in the Wake of Roman Collapse • Accelerating Change in the West, 1000–1300 (Continued) • growth of long-distance trade, from two major centers • European town and city populations rose • New opportunities for women • Growth of territorial states with better-organized governments

15. Western Christendom: Rebuilding in the Wake of Roman Collapse • Europe Outward Bound: The Crusading Tradition • Medieval expansion of Christendom after 1000 • Crusade movement began in 1095 • Most famous Crusades aimed to regain Jerusalem and holy places • Other Crusades • Iberian Peninsula Crusade • Baltic Crusade • Crusades had little lasting political or religious impact in the Middle East • Crusades had a significant impact on Europe

17. The West in Comparative Perspective • Catching Up • Pluralism in Politics • Reason and Faith