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Skill And Psychological Factors Influencing Performance

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Skill And Psychological Factors Influencing Performance

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    1. Skill And Psychological Factors Influencing Performance Skill Acquisition

    2. Important Definitions (1) Ability: our genetic make up. Technique: the basic movements in a sport. Skill: our ability to choose and perform the right techniques at the right time, successfully, regularly and with a minimum of effort.

    3. Important Definitions (2) Learning: (i) Cognitive Phase: get understanding. (ii) Associative Phase: practise. (iii) Autonomous Phase: perform skill automatically. Performance: playing in a competitive environment.

    4. Types Of Skill (1) Simple Complex

    5. Types Of Skill (2) The Open/Closed Skill Continuum

    6. Whole Practice You repeat the whole exercise again and again as the activity does not lend itself to being broken down into parts. For example: long distance running.

    7. Part Practise You break the skill down into separate manageable parts and practise each of the components individually. For example: lead leg, trail leg, stride pattern and sprint start for hurdling.

    8. Fixed Practise Used for practising a closed skill. The skill is repeated under the same conditions. For example: goal kicking.

    9. Variable Practise Used for practising an open skill. You practise the skill in lots of different settings. For example: slip catching in cricket.

    10. Basic Information Processing Model

    11. Types Of Memory Short Term Memory: used for information that passes into the brain. It only stays here briefly until you have made your decision as to what to do. Long Term Memory: holds memories of how to perform a number of skills if we are a skilled performer. Information that is not needed is forgotten. This is selective attention.

    12. Components Of Feedback Knowledge Of Performance (KP) Tells you how you have performed, regardless of results. Comes from coach, fellow players, spectators or the video. Not least, comes from your own sense of how you did. Knowledge Of Results (KR) Tells you whether you achieved your result irrespective of your performance. Is provided directly by outcome, or result, of action.

    13. Types Of Guidance (Provided By A Coach As Feedback Or As Training Method)

    14. Types Of Motivation (1)

    15. Types Of Motivation (2)

    16. Types Of Motivation (1) Intrinsic Comes from our inner drives. We may play for fun, for the satisfaction of performing well, for the pride in winning or for the enjoyment of taking part with others.

    17. Types Of Motivation (2) Extrinsic Comes from rewards and outside pressures. We may play to win trophies or other prizes, to make money, for fame or to not let down coaches, team mates or supporters.

    18. Goal Setting There are two sorts of sporting goals: 1. Outcome goals that are linked to results. 2. Performance goals are linked to quality of performance. Performance goals are often more useful as they can lead to an increase in confidence and motivation! Goals should also be divided into short term and long term targets.

    19. The Principles Of Goal Setting

    20. The Principles Of Goal Setting All targets or goals should all be SMARTER: Specific: to focus attention. Measurable: to assess progress against a standard. Accepted: by both performer and coach. Realistic: challenging but attainable. Time-phased: a specific date for completion. Exciting: inspiring, challenging and rewarding. Recorded: written down to provide feedback, motivation and evidence of progress or otherwise.

    21. Jonny Wilkinsons Goals (As Printed In Sunday Times 24/10/04) These are divided into: Goals concerning international rugby. Goals relating to club rugby. Personal goals.

    22. 1. Goals Relating To International Rugby To win the World Cup again and be a major influence in the side that does it. To be selected for the 2005 British Lions tour to New Zealand and to have an influence on a successful trip. To play as many games as possible, injury allowing. To win more grand slams. To be the best prepared player in the world. To play at my best in every match. To train at my best in every session and never accept that bad days just happen.

    23. 1. Goals Relating To Club Rugby To win the Zurich Premiership. To win it again. To win the Heineken Cup. To win the Powergen Cup. To dominate the game in England and Europe for several years. To lead the club in our quest.

    24. 1. Personal Goals To become a better, more mature and developed person. To work with charities and make a difference to the causes that are closest to me. To learn to play the guitar and the piano. To become fluent in French and Spanish. To stay true to the ideal of being able to sign off the video of my life.

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