Romantic

1. Romantic ro-man-tic/ rō-’mant-ik According to Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary: 1. Having no basis in fact: Imaginary 2. Impractical in conception or plan: Visionary 3. Marked by the imagination or emotional appeal of the heroic , adventurous, remote, mysterious, or idealized

2. Romantic Many Europeans grew tired of confining manners and rules, and were ready to place feeling above thought. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, the father of Romanticism, summed it up when he said “I feel, therefore I am.” 1820 - 1900

3. Romantic “Nineteenth century writers, painters, and musicians were highly subjective in their approach to the arts, vividly expressing their most intimate and personal thoughts and experiences in the effort to assert their individual personalities.“ 1820 - 1900 Romantics were fascinated with the distant, loved nature, had a revolutionary spirit, loved art for art’s sake, held tightly to nationalist ideals and were more interested in history than science.

4. Romantic 1820 U.S. Congress makes trade in foreign slaves an act of piracy 1821 The first college-level school for women opens in the Unites States. 1825 Johann Strauss is born 1826 Both Thomas Jefferson and John Adams die on July 4 1829 First steam powered locomotive in the U.S. 1832 Louisa May Alcott is born 1833 Johannes Brahms is born 1835 Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain) is born 1838 Underground Railroad is organized 1840 Tchaikovsky is born 1845 John O’Sullivan coins the term manifest destiny to describe the expansion of the U.S. 1846 President Polk declares war with Mexico 1848 Gold is discovered at Sutter’s Mill and the Gold Rush is on! 1849 Harriet Tubman escapes slavery and begins working with the underground railroad 1853 Women’s Suffrage movement begins 1857 Dredd Scott decision by the Supreme Court. After being brought to free territory by his owner, Scott sued for his freedom, but the court denied that he was a citizen, and denied him the right to sue. History

5. Romantic 1860 Abraham Lincoln is elected president 1860 The South votes to secede from the union 1861 Attack on Fort Sumter signals the beginning of the U.S. Civil War 1862 Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation freeing all slaves in Confederate states 1864 Lincoln is elected to his second term 1865 U.S. Civil War officially ends and six days later John Wilkes Booth assassinates Lincoln at Ford’s Theater 1871 Chicago is nearly destroyed by fire 1874 First Impressionist exhibit in France 1876 Alexander Graham Bell invents the telephone 1881 American Red Cross is organized by Clara Barton 1885 The motor car is invented by Daimler and Benz 1898 Marie Curie discovers radium 1891 Thomas Edison patents the Kinetiscope, a device for showing moving pictures. 1899 Scott Joplin publishes the Maple Leaf Rag 1901 President William McKinley is assassinated 1908 Henry Ford introduces the Model T History

6. Romantic Portrait of the Artist’s Mother Jamess Whistler 1834 - 1903 Art

7. Romantic Art Manet Family In Their Garden at Atenteuil Edouard Manet (1832-1883)

8. Romantic Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte Georges Seurat 1859-1891 Art

9. Frederic Chopin 1809 - 1847 Romantic No other composer dedicated himself to a single instrument as Chopin did with the piano. His own playing was renowned for its subtlety. Chopin bought in to the nationalist sentiment of the day with the composition of his Polish songs. Unfortunately he was only able to get them published in Germany and they became known by their German title Polinishe Lieder. Music

10. Peter Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) Romantic One of the great Russian composers, Tchaikovsky is most well known for his ballets. The Nutcracker has become a staple of every holiday season however, he much preferred Swan Lake. Music

11. Richard Wagner (1813-1883) Romantic Richard Wagner single-handedly tried to improve opera. He created what he called Music Drama in which he tried to combine all aspects of art into a single artistic expression. His most famous works are the four operas of Der Ring Des Nibelungen (The Ring of the Nibelungen). Music

12. Elizabeth Barret Browning 1806-1861 Romantic How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. I love thee to the depth and breadth and height My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight For the ends of being and ideal grace. I love thee to the level of every day's Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light. I love thee freely, as men strive for right. I love thee purely, as they turn from praise. I love thee with the passion put to use In my old griefs, and with my childhood's faith. I love thee with a love I seemed to lose With my lost saints. I love with the breath, Smiles, tears, of all my life; and, if God choose, I shall but love thee better after death. Authors

13. Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) Romantic The American Philosopher/Poet celebrates Beauty, Self-Reliance, Success, History, Unity, Nature and Love. Authors “All that Adam had, all that Caesar could, you have and can do. . . Build, therefore, your own world.”

14. Leo Tolstoy 1828-1910 Romantic Count Leo Tolstoy was baptized Orthodox into a life of privilege and wealth in Czarist Russia in 1828. His young adulthood is best summed up with his own words from his book Confession: I cannot recall those years without horror, loathing, and heart-rending pain. I killed people in war, challenged men to duels with the purpose of killing them, and lost at cards; I squandered the fruits of the peasants' toil and then had them executed; I was a cheat. Lying, stealing, promiscuity of every kind, drunkenness, violence, murder - there was not a crime I did not commit...Thus I lived for ten years." Authors “The strongest of all warriors are these two – Time and Patience.”