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The Soviet/Russian Manned Space Program

The Soviet/Russian Manned Space Program. Comprehend the history and accomplishments of the Russian Vostok project Comprehend the history and accomplishments of the Russian Voskhod project Comprehend the history and accomplishments of the Russian Soyuz Project.

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The Soviet/Russian Manned Space Program

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  1. The Soviet/Russian Manned Space Program • Comprehend the history and accomplishments of the Russian Vostok project • Comprehend the history and accomplishments of the Russian Voskhod project • Comprehend the history and accomplishments of the Russian Soyuz Project

  2. Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, the First Man in Space • Soviets put a man in space first • On 12 April 1961, Vostok 1, circled the Earth at nearly 17,000 mph • Gagarin had no control over his spacecraft • While training for his second space mission, his MiG 15 crashed near Moscow in 1968 killing Gagarin

  3. Valentina Tereshkova, the First Woman in Space • An amateur parachutist • The first woman in space when she went up aboard Vostok 6 on 16 June 1963 • Her mission lasted nearly three days, in which she orbited Earth 48 times

  4. Russian Vostok Program – “The Firsts” • In 1961 Gherman Titov became the first person to spend a full day in orbit, aboard Vostok 2 • In 1962 Vostok 3 and Vostok 4 carried out the first two-spacecraft mission • On 14 June 1963 the crew of Vostok 5 carried out the first long-duration mission, five days in orbit

  5. The Voskhod -- The First Three-Man Spacecraft • Designers wanted vehicles capable of carrying more than one person • Soviets modified their Vostok spacecraft to hold two or three cosmonauts • The Voskhod 1 mission was designed to: • Test the new spacecraft • See how well a group of cosmonauts from different professional backgrounds would work together in space; • Conduct physical and technical experiments; • Perform an extensive medical-biological investigation program

  6. Alexei Leonov, the First to ‘Walk’ in Space • On 18 March 1965 the Soviets launched the spacecraft Voskhod 2 • Leonov’s spacecraft had an extendable air lock, however this did cause some problems getting back into the spacecraft • During his brief adventure Leonov felt both tension and euphoria • The automatic orientation system for the retrofire malfunctioned

  7. Russian Soyuz Project • The Purpose of the Soyuz missions was to develop a space station that would orbit Earth • Although speculation was that the Soyuz program’s real goal, like that of Apollo, was to put a man on the Moon • First Soyuz mission (launched March 1967) ended in disaster

  8. The Docking Experiments Conducted During Soyuz Project • On 14 January 1969 the Soviet Union made its first wintertime launch of a manned spacecraft: Soyuz 4 • The next day, Soyuz 5 went up • A day after that, Soyuz 4 began a docking exercise with Soyuz 5 • Soyuz 4 returned to Earth after three days with a crew of three

  9. The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project • The first human spaceflight mission managed jointly by two nations • On 15 July 1975 the space agencies launched their two ships. • At 2:17 p.m. US Central Time on 17 July the two ships docked • The mission was a resounding success for both countries • Summer 1976, then 10 year old, intrepid space enthusiast Todd Zachary builds his Apollo-Soyuz model…two days later it is destroyed in a freak pyrotechnics experiment

  10. Mir Space Station (1986-2001) • The Russian Space Station Mir endured 15 years in orbit, three times its planned lifetime • Mir set every record in long-duration spaceflight. Physician Valeri Polyakov lived aboard Mir for a single, continuous-orbit stay of 437 days, 17 hours and 38 minutes. • On June 29, 1995, U.S. Space Shuttles began docking with the Russian space station • After more than 86,000 total orbits, Mir re-entered Earth’s atmosphere on Friday, March 23, 2001, at 9 a.m. Moscow time.

  11. Russian Space Program Today • International Space Station • Heavy Space Lift Capability • Phobus Grunt Mission (Jan 2012) • Designed to collect samples from the Martian moon Phobos • Soon after launch a series of malfunctions occur in the propulsion system preventing the spacecraft from leaving earth’s orbit

  12. The Soviet/Russian Manned Space Program • Comprehend the history and accomplishments of the Russian Vostok project • Comprehend the history and accomplishments of the Russian Voskhod project • Comprehend the history and accomplishments of the Russian Soyuz Project

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