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Basins formed to the West (Muddy Creek Formation) and to the East ( Bidahochi Formation)

16 mya the Mogollan Highlands to the Southwest begin to rift apart and collapse. At this time the spreading zone in the Pacific collided with the North American plate to create the San Andreas fault.

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Basins formed to the West (Muddy Creek Formation) and to the East ( Bidahochi Formation)

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  1. 16 mya the Mogollan Highlands to the Southwest begin to rift apart and collapse. At this time the spreading zone in the Pacific collided with the North American plate to create the San Andreas fault. Instead of compressing, the North American plate began to pull apart. The Basin and Range Province forms to the West and Southwest of the Colorado Plateau. Basins formed to the West (Muddy Creek Formation) and to the East (Bidahochi Formation) (Claims from prior inquiries)

  2. How and when did the Colorado River find its way through the Colorado Plateau and to the Sea of Cortez? (Focus Question restated)

  3. How and when did the Colorado River find its way through the Colorado Plateau and to the Sea of Cortez? Or, how and when did the sections of the Colorado River above and below the Grand Canyon join together? (Additional Focus Question)

  4. Headward erosion and stream capture of the Little Colorado? Reversal of drainage in Marble Canyon? Catastrophic spillover of lakes? (Competing hypotheses with key concepts)

  5. Where did the Colorado River flow before 6 mya? To the Northwest after going around the Kaibab Plateau? To the Southwest through Peachtree Canyon? To the Southeast down the Little Colorado to the Rio Grande and the Gulf of Mexico? Or underground and emerge to deposit the Hulapai Limestone? (Competing claims dependent upon Records of Events)

  6. 16 mya: Muddy Creek Formation at the mouth of the Grand Canyon has no sediments from up the Colorado drainage.. Interestingly, above the Muddy Creek lies the Hualapai Limestone. (Objects and Events; Records of Events)

  7. The distribution of sedimentary rocks and the timing of tectonic and climatic events are the keys to solving the puzzle. (Objects of Interest—key records) (Principle: order events in time on different scales)

  8. Vee Diagram of Inquiry from D. B. Gowin Focus Question Thinking Doing Principles Claims Concepts Records Events and Objects (Prior Knowledge) (New Knowledge))

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