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Archive Task Team (ATT) Disk Storage Stuart Doescher, USGS (Ken Gacke) W GISS-18 September 2004

Archive Task Team (ATT) Disk Storage Stuart Doescher, USGS (Ken Gacke) W GISS-18 September 2004 Beijing, China. Storage Technologies. Online Storage Direct Attach Storage (DAS) Storage directly attached to server Network Attach Storage (NAS)

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Archive Task Team (ATT) Disk Storage Stuart Doescher, USGS (Ken Gacke) W GISS-18 September 2004

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  1. Archive Task Team (ATT) Disk Storage Stuart Doescher, USGS (Ken Gacke) WGISS-18 September 2004 Beijing, China

  2. Storage Technologies • Online Storage • Direct Attach Storage (DAS) • Storage directly attached to server • Network Attach Storage (NAS) • TCP/IP access to storage typically with CIFS and NFS access • Storage Area Network (SAN) • Dedicated high speed network connecting storage devices • Storage devices disassociated from server

  3. Storage Technologies • Direct Attach Online Storage • Disk is direct attached to single server • System Configuration • SCSI or Fibre Channel • RAID Fibre Channel devices are typically SAN ready • Just a Bunch of Disk (JBOD) • Redundant Array Independent Disk (RAID) • High Performance on the local server • Manageability • Simple Configuration • Resource reallocation requires physical move of controllers and disk

  4. Host A Host C File System File System File System Storage Technologies Direct Attached 100Mb Network (FTP/NFS) Host B 100MB FC

  5. Storage Technologies • Direct Attach Online Storage • Advantages • High performance on local server • Good for image processing and database applications • Disadvantages • Data sharing limited to slower network performance • Difficult to reallocate resources to other servers

  6. Storage Technologies • NAS Online Storage • Disk attached on server accessible over TCP/IP Network • System Configuration • Fibre Channel RAID Configurations • Switched Network Environment • Performance • Network Switches and/or dedicated network topologies • Reliability • NAS Server performs a single function thereby reducing faults • RAID, Mirror, Snapshot capabilities • Easy to Manage

  7. Host A Host B Host C File System File System File System Share Files Storage Technologies Network Attached 1Gb Network (NFS/CIFS) NAS Server

  8. Storage Technologies • Network Attach Online Storage • Advantages • Easy to share files among servers • Network Storage support NFS and CIFS • Servers can use existing network infrastructure • Good for small file sharing such as office automation • Availability of fault protection such as snapshot and mirroring • Disadvantages • Slower performance due to TCP/IP overhead • Increases network load • Backup/Restore to tape may be difficult and/or slow • Does not integrate with nearline storage

  9. Storage Technologies • SAN Online Storage • Disk attached within Fabric Network • System Configuration • Fibre Channel • RAID Configurations • Scalable High Performance • High Reliability with redundant paths • Manageability • Configuration becomes more complex • Logical reallocation of resources

  10. Storage Technologies Redundancy SAN Configuration Fibre Switch 100Mb Network Host A Host B Fibre Switch Host C (DMF)

  11. Storage Technologies • SAN Online Storage Architecture • Disk Farm • Multiple servers share large disk farm • Server mounts unique file systems • Clustered File Systems • Multiple servers share a single file system • Software Required – Vendor solutions include • SGI CXFS • ADIC StorNext File System • Tivoli SANErgy

  12. Logical reallocation of disk Storage Technologies Disk Farm SAN Configuration 100Mb Network Host A Fibre Switch Host B Host C

  13. Storage Technologies • SAN Risks • Cost is higher than DAS/NAS • Technology Maturity • Solutions are typically vendor specific • Application software dependencies • Infrastructure Support • Complexity of Architecture • Management of SAN Resources • Sharing of storage resources across multiple Programs/Projects

  14. Storage Technologies • SAN Benefits • Administration flexibility • Logically move disk space among servers • Large capacity drives can be sliced into smaller file systems • Scales better than direct attach • Integrate within nearline configuration • Data Reliability • Storage disassociated from the server • Fault Tolerant with Redundant Paths • Increase Resource Utilization • Reduce the number of FTP network transfers • Logically allocate space among servers

  15. Clustered File System Tape Library Storage Technologies SAN with Nearline Configuration Fibre Switch 1Gb Network Host A Host B CXFS Host C DMF/CXFS

  16. 2Gb Fibre 1Gb Fibre Disk Cache /dmf/edc 68GB /dmf/doqq 547GB /dmf/guo 50GB /dmf/pds 223GB /dmf/pdsc 1100GB Tape Drives 8x9840 2x9940B CR1 SAN/Nearline Architecture Ethernet DMF Server Product Distribution

  17. DMF FTP (lxs37) PDS Tape Library 8x9840 3x9940B Future Seamless/Silo Architecture Ethernet CIFS Mount Data Servers TP9300S 3TB TP9400 Web/Extract

  18. Storage Technologies • Multi Tiered Storage Vision • Online • Supported Configurations • DAS – Local processing such as image processing • NAS – Data sharing such as office automation • SAN – Production processing such as product generation • Data accessed frequently • Nearline • Integrated within SAN • Scalable for large datasets and less frequently accessed data • Multiple Copies and/or Offsite Storage

  19. Storage Technologies • SAN – Final Thoughts • SAN Technology Maturity • SAN solution should be from a single vendor • Program/Project SAN solution benefits • Decrease storage requirements • Increase performance • Increase reliability • Increase flexibility of resource allocations • Increase cost (hardware/software) • Increase configuration complexity

  20. Storage Architecture Decisions • Optimized by individual program and program manager, not the enterprise. • Requirements Factors • Reliability – Data Preservation • Performance – Data Access • Cost – $/GB, Engineering Support, O&M • Scalability – Data Growth, Multi-mission, etc. • Compatibility with current Architecture • Evaluated and recommended through engineering white papers and weighted decision matrices.

  21. Bulk RAID Weighted Matrix

  22. High Performance RAID Weighted Matrix

  23. Disk & Tape Systems

  24. Additional Reference materials • 0403 Storage Matrix.doc • 040419 SAN Forum.ppt • 0407 storage overview.ppt • EDC CR1 Storage Architecuture.ppt

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