The Public Health Observatories: an introduction

1. The Public Health Observatories: an introduction Presentation to Health Statistics User Group Liz Rolfe 25 March 2011

2. Today’s agenda • Introduce the PHOs, and how they support public health. • Introduce key PHO products and tools, and how to access them.

3. Who are the Public Health Observatories? • Sub-national organisations responding to local health intelligence needs. • An effective national network working together to share expertise and produce nationally agreed products. • Producing information, data and intelligence on people's health and health care for practitioners, policy makers and the wider community. • Experts in turning information and data into meaningful intelligence.

4. The role of PHOs Each PHO fulfils broad core roles: • Sub-national health intelligence service • Focus for capacity building and skills development • Providing a ‘bridge’ between academic public health and practice PHOs also all have non-core roles, leading nationally commissioned projects, e.g. • Local Authority Health Profiles • Prevalence models • Delivering ‘specialist observatories, e.g. Obesity, child and maternal.

5. PHO network map

6. PHO lead areas http://www.apho.org.uk/resource/view.aspx?RID=39436

7. Guide to PHO tools and key data sources http://www.apho.org.uk/default.aspx?RID=39403

8. Member of a Local Authority • What are the health and social issues in my community?

9. Local Authority Health Profiles http://www.apho.org.uk/default.aspx?RID=49802

10. Local Authority Health Profiles

11. Marmot indicators for Local Authorities http://www.lho.org.uk/LHO_TOPICS/NATIONAL_LEAD_AREAS/MARMOT/MARMOTINDICATORS.ASPX

12. GP comissioners • What are the public health needs for my GP cluster?

13. General Practice profiles http://www.apho.org.uk/PRACPROF/

14. General Practice profiles

15. Disease prevalence models • Provide estimates of the underlying prevalence derived from population statistics and scientific research on the risk factors for each disease. • This enables the assessment of the true needs of their population, calculate the level of services needed and invest the appropriate level of resources for prevention, early detection, treatment and care. • Models developed include: cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, hypertension and stoke. http://www.apho.org.uk/resource/view.aspx?RID=48308

16. Disease prevalence models

17. Commissioners • What is the best use of resources in order to maximise health gain for the population?

18. PCT Spend and Outcome Factsheets and Tool (SPOT) • Programme Budgeting is a well-established technique for assessing investment in programmes of care. • SPOT uses Programme Budgeting data and indicators of health outcome by programme to present PCTs with an analysis of the impact of their expenditure. • Allows easy identification of those areas which require priority attention, where relative potential shifts in investment opportunities will optimise local health gains and increase quality. • Enables commissioners to link expenditure and outcome. http://www.yhpho.org.uk/resource/view.aspx?RID=49488

19. PCT Spend and Outcome Factsheets and Tool (SPOT)

20. Director of Public Health • How do I identify key health areas for action in comparison to other areas in England?

21. Health inequalities intervention tool • It provides for all areas: • The life expectancy in each local authority, and in the most deprived quintile. • The gap in life expectancy. • An analysis of the contribution of causes of death to the gap. • It allows local authorities to estimate the effect on their life expectancy if certain interventions are increased, specifically: • To reduce infant mortality (in local authorities with a large number of infant deaths) • Smoking cessation • Antihypertensive prescribing (new cases) • Statin prescribing (new cases) • Users can investigate two scenarios: • an intervention applied across the local authority • And applied only in the most deprived quintile. http://www.lho.org.uk/LHO_TOPICS/ANALYTIC_TOOLS/HealthInequalitiesAllAreas2008.aspx

22. Health inequalities intervention tool • Life expectancy years gained if the Most Deprived Quintile (MDQ) of Penwith CD had the same mortality rate as the England average for each cause of death.

23. Health inequalities intervention tool • Breakdown of life expectancy gap between the Most Deprived Quintile (MDQ) of Penwith CD and the England average by cause of death

24. Health analyst • How do I identify health inequalities within my area?

25. Small area indicators for Joint Strategic Needs Assessment (JSNA) • Health orientated indicators at Middle Level Super Output Area (MSOA) and higher geographies. • The datasets are focused on the underlying determinants of health and conditions which account for substantial numbers of preventable diseases and deaths. • They have been divided into domains covering different aspects of health needs: • Population / Demography • Socio-economic indicators • Lifestyle / Behaviour • Mortality / Life Expectancy • Hospitalisation / Service Utilisation http://www.apho.org.uk/resource/view.aspx?RID=87735

26. Small area indicators for Joint Strategic Needs Assessment (JSNA)

27. Small area indicators for Joint Strategic Needs Assessment (JSNA)

28. Public Health analyst • How can I develop the skills I need for my role?

29. Training and networks • Public Health Intelligence training courses • Regional analyst networks • Trainee public health analyst schemes

30. Technical briefs and tools http://www.apho.org.uk/resource/view.aspx?RID=39306

31. Technical briefs and tools • Analytical Tools for Public Health: Commonly used public health statistics and their confidence intervals http://www.apho.org.uk/default.aspx?RID=39403

32. The future? • Transition year 2011/12 • Functions to transfer to Public Health England