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Realization of A Cycle

Realization of A Cycle. P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi. How to Create Temperature and Pressure…..?. Power Generation Cycle. Goal: To generate Mechanical Power through from heat input !!! Question: What is the Upper Limit of Cycle Performance?

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Realization of A Cycle

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  1. Realization of A Cycle P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi How to Create Temperature and Pressure…..?

  2. Power Generation Cycle Goal: To generate Mechanical Power through from heat input !!! Question: What is the Upper Limit of Cycle Performance? Can You Predict? Is it essential to try and find out using only on the field Test?

  3. expansion Heat Addition Heat Removal A Mathematical Model for (James Watt’s) Steam Engine

  4. Carnot’s Model for Power Cycle

  5. Carnot’s Model for Power Cycle s 1 – 2 : Compressor : Isentropic Compression : s2 = s1 2 – 3 : Boiler: Isothermal Heating : T3 = T2 3 – 4 : Turbines : Isentropic Expansion : s4 = s3 4 – 1 : Condenser: Isothermal Cooling : T1 = T4

  6. The Carnot Cycle Vs The Natural Cycles Ability to Perform Ecological Nuisance

  7. Realization of A Cycle • Heat Addition in Steam Generator, qin • Creation of Parameters of A Cycle • Resource: Sources of Energy • Mean Effective Temperature of heat addition : Entropy averaged Temperature.

  8. Efficiency, Analysis of A Cycle • Net work out put = • Heat Input =

  9. The selection of working fluids and operation conditions are very important to system performance. • The thermodynamic properties of working fluids will affect the system efficiency, operation, and environmental impact. • Basically, the working fluid can be classified into three categories. • Those are dry, isentropic, and wet depending on the slope of the T–S curve (dT/dS) to be positive, infinite, and negative, respectively. • The working fluids of dry or isentropic type are more appropriate for power generation. • This is because dry or isentropic fluids are superheated after isentropic expansion, thereby eliminating the concerns of impingement of liquid droplets on the turbine blades. • Moreover, the superheated apparatus is not needed.

  10. Organic Substances must be selected in accordance to the heat source temperature level (Tcr < Tin source)

  11. Selection of Fluids • RC (Single Componant Working Fluid) • Evaporation and condensation at fixed temperatures • Fluid must be selected in accordance to the temperature level of the heat source • Pinch point is limiting factor for heat transfer • Environmental impacts and restrictions by using organic substances • Inflamable and/or toxic and/or GWP (Global Warming Potential) and/or ODP • (Ozone Depletion Potential)

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