___

1. Photosynthesis utilizes _____. A. the entire electromagnetic spectrum B. only visible light C. radio and microwaves D. gamma rays ___

2. Which of the following is true? A. High energy photons like those in UV radiation are dangerous to cells. B. Short-wavelength radiation like that in gamma rays has photons of high energy content. C. Visible light photons promote electrons to higher electron shells without damaging cells. D. all of the above ___

3. Which of the following is only minimally absorbed by chlorophylls a and b? A. violet light B. green light C. blue light D. red light ___

4. Photosynthetic pigments capture _____ of the solar energy that reaches the earth. A. less than 2% B. 20% C. 50% D. 100% ___

5. The importance of photosynthesis is that photosynthetic organisms produce ____ for the biosphere. A. CO2 B. H2O C. organic food D. all of the above ___

6. Which of the following do NOT perform photosynthesis? A. plants B. animals C. algae ___

7. The piece of equipment that measures how much light passes through a sample is called a _____. A. spirometer B. gas chromatograph C. spectrophotometer D. calorimeter ___

8. The rate of photosynthesis can be measured by measuring the production of _____. A. CO2 B. H2O C. O2 ___

9. The pigments which are primarily responsible for the metabolic activity associated with photosynthesis are the _____. A. chlorophylls B. carotenoids ___

10. The reactants of photosynthesis include all of the following except _____. A. solar energy B. carbohydrates C. H2O D. CO2 ___

11. The oxygen given off by photosynthesis comes from ___________. A. CO2 B. CH2O C. H2O D. the atmosphere ___

12. In a eukaryotic cell, photosynthesis occurs in the _____. A. chloroplast B. mitochondria C. nucleus D. golgi complex ___

13. The photosynthetic pigments are found in the _____. A. stroma B. SER C. Golgi complex D. thylakoids ___

14. CO2 reduction occurs in the _____. A. thylakoids B. stroma C. nucleus D. grana ___

15. During photosynthesis CO2 is _____ to form carbohydrates. A. oxidized B. reduced ___

16. Chloroplasts will be found in _____. A. plant leaf cells B. photosynthetic bacteria C. animal cells D. all of the above ___

17. The energy-capturing reactions take place during the _____ reactions. A. light-dependent B. light-independent ___

18. When NADP+ accepts electrons it becomes _____. A. CO2 B. (CH2O) C. NADPH D. H2O ___

19. The light-independent reactions take place in the ___________. A. thylakoids B. grana C. mitochondria D. stroma ___

20. When the thylakoid pigments absorb solar energy, low energy electrons are removed from _____. A. (CH2O) B. H2O C. CO2 D. all of the above ___

21. Light can be _____ by a pigment. A. absorbed by (taken up) B. reflected by (given off) C. transmitted (passed through) D. all of the above ___

22. When electrons from chlorophyll a move down an electron transport system _____ is produced. A. NADP+ B. H2O C. ATP D. carbohydrate ___

23. Which of the following is true of the cyclic electron pathway? A. ATP and NADPH are both produced. B. this pathway probably evolved after the non-cyclic electron pathway. C. the solar energy is absorbed by the PS I antenna complex. D. all of the above ___

24. Which of the following is a product of the noncyclic electron pathway? A. ATP B. O2 C. NADPH D. all of the above ___

25. During the noncyclic electron pathway, electrons move from water through PS II to PS I and then to _____. A. ADP B. CO2 C. NADP+ D. glucose ___

26. Which of the following is NOT a product of the light-dependent reactions? A. ATP B. O2 C. glucose D. NADPH ___

27. When H+ flow down their electrochemical gradient through _____ ATP production occurs. A. PS I B. PS II C. ATP synthase D. the stroma ___

28. The light-dependent reactions take place in the _____. A. stroma B. thylakoids C. cytosol D. cristae ___

29. During the light-dependent reactions, H2O is _____. A. oxidized B. reduced ___

30. The antennae complex is composed of _____. A. chlorophyll a B. chlorophyll b C. carotenoid pigments D. all of the above ___

31. Which product of the light-dependent reactions is used in the light-independent reactions? A. O2 B. NADPH C. ATP D. both B and C ___

32. The energy and electrons needed for the reduction synthesis are supplied by _____. A. NADPH B. ATP C. CO2 D. both A and B ___

33. A plant can use PGAL to make _____. A. sucrose B. oils C. cellulose D. all of the above ___

34. The first step of the Calvin cycle is A. CO2 fixation B. PGAL reduction C. RuBP regeneration D. ATP synthesis ___

35. CO2 fixation occurs when CO2 combines with _____. A. ribulose bisphosphate B. gylceraldehyde -3-phosphate C. NADP D. glucose ___

36. About 20-50% of the protein content in chloroplasts is _____ which speeds up CO2 fixation. A. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate B. NADPH C. ATP D. RuBP carboxylase ___

37. Which correctly describes the light independent reactions? A. ATP is produced B. CO2 is reduced C. sunlight is required D. O2 is produced ___

38. Five molecules of PGAL are used to produce _____ so that the Calvin cycle can continue. A. NADPH B. RuBP C. glucose D. oxaloacetate ___

39. The six-carbon molecule resulting from carbon-dioxide fixation immediately breaks down to form __________. A. 2, three-carbon PGA molecules B. 3, two-carbon PGA molecules C. glucose D. RuBP ___

40. In a C4 plant, the __________ cells contain chloroplasts. A. bundle sheath B. mesophyll C. both A and B ___

41. C4 plants fix CO2 to _____. A. PEP B. RuBP C. PGA D. oxaloacetate ___

42. The stomates of the leaves _____. A. close when the weather is hot and dry B. take up CO2 C. allow H2O to leave the leaf D. all of the above ___

43. A solution to global warming is _____. A. plant more shrubs and trees B. use fewer fossil fuels C. protect the rainforests D. all of the above ___

44. During photorespiration, _____ combines with RuBP carboxylase. A. O2 B. CO2 C. PGA D. glucose ___