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Source Card (Spain)

Source Card (Spain). National Geographic Islam and Islamic History Islamic World Islamic Influence Introduction to Islam Arab Contributions Packet. Background Info Source 2 P Page 1.

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Source Card (Spain)

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  1. Source Card (Spain) • National Geographic • Islam and Islamic History • Islamic World • Islamic Influence • Introduction to Islam • Arab Contributions Packet DM

  2. Background Info Source 2P Page 1 • When ‘Abd al-Rahman got to Spain, The North Africa Arabs were already entrenched on the Iberian Peninsula and had begun to write one of the most glorious chapters in Islamic History. DM

  3. Background Info Source 2S Page 1 • The Muslims in Spain had begun to focus their whole attention on al-Andalus (Southern Spain) and to build there civilization, far superior, than Spain has ever known. DM

  4. Influences Source 2Q Page 1 • On Muslims: • “improved trade and agriculture, patronized the arts, made valuable contributions to science, and established Cordoba as the most sophisticated city in Europe”. • (Second Paragraph: First page) DM

  5. Cordoba Source 2Quote and Summary Page 1 • “By tenth century, Cordoba could boast of population of some 500,000 compared to about 38,000 in Paris” • Also had • 700 mosques • 60,000 palaces • 70 libraries (one holding 500,000 manuscripts) • 900 public baths • Europe’s first street lights DM

  6. Al-hambra Source 2Summary Page 1 • A complex marble, stucco, Ivory, and onyx structure. • 40 years to built • Cost: 1/3 of Cordoba’s revenue • One of the wonders of the age • Until destroyed in the eleventh century DM

  7. Toledo Source 2Summary Page 1 • In the eleventh century, a small pocket of Christian Resistance had begun to grow under Alfanso VI, Christian forces retook Toledo. This weakened the Muslims when the Christian Kingdoms started posing a threat. DM

  8. Andalusia Source 2Summary Page 2 • The Arabs did not surrender easily. al-Anclus was their land too! But bit by bit they retreated from Northern to Central Spain. By the 13th century, their once extensive domains were reduced to a few scattered Kingdoms deep in the mountain range of Andalusia. 200 years they survived and flourished. DM

  9. Background Info Source 2Quote Page 2 • They created a lovely Kingdom. Called “The glory and wonder of the civilized world.” DM

  10. Religion Source 2Quote Page 2 • “There is no victor but God.” • Ibn al-Ahmar DM

  11. Fall of Granada Source 2Summary Page 2 • Ferdinand married Isabella… Granada fell ten years later • (Kingdoms united then fell) DM

  12. Fall of Granada Source 2Quote Page 2 • “Weep like a woman for the city you would not defend like a man” • (on fall of Granada) DM

  13. Christian Army Source 4Summary Page 394 • The Islamic conquerors’ initial aim was not to change the Hispanic-Christian value system, but to acquire as much land as they possibly could. DM

  14. Andalusia Source 4Summary Page 394 • The Muslim state, Andalusia, bordered on all sides by strongly Catholic Kingdoms, zealously preserved its Muslim foundation and attempted to (but was unsuccessful) suppress the indigenous Christian faith, with varying success. DM

  15. Cordoba Source 4Summary Page 394 • In the Caliphate, Abd al-Rahman III (during the period of 912-961), his capital of Cordoba was recognized as the most culturally advanced city of CONSTANTINOPLE, and remained so for the following century. DM

  16. Cordoba Source 4Summary Page 395 • In 1031, the declining caliphate (Cordoba) broke into 23 pretty kingdoms-the reinos de Taifa, from the Arabic word for faction. DM

  17. Cordoba/Granada Source 4Long Quote Page 395 • “These separate states at war, with one another and with their Christian neighbors, were united once more in 1086, under the ALMORAVID dynasty of North Africa. The Almoravids were succeeded in 1147 by another Berber group, the ALMOHADS, who were defeated in 1212 by Christian forces from Castile, NAVARRE, and Aragon at the decisive Battle of Las Navas de Toloso. After that, the only Moorish state to survive intact was that of Granada, until 1492.” DM

  18. Bibliography Arab World Notebook. Berkley, California: Najda: Women Concerned about the Middle East. 1989. Print. Denny, Fredrick Mathewson. An Introduction Islam. New York. Macmillan Publishing Company. 1985. Print “Islamic Influence.” The Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages. 1999. Print. Islamicity. Print. 23/October/12. http://www.islamicity.com/Mosque/IHAME/Sec5.htm. “Spain in Maghrib.” Islamic World. 1998. Print. “When the Moors Ruled Spain.” National Geographic. July, 1988. 87-119. Print. DM

  19. Subtopics • Ahambra Palace • Cordoba • Religion • Architecture • The Village of Chechaouene • Andalusia • Christian Army • Background Info • Boadbdill’s Loss • Almoravids • Islamic Traditions • The Language Arabic • Moors Rule in spain • Berber tribesmen • Music • Alpuiarras • Toledo • Arts • Influences • Granada DM

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