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Introduction to IPv6 Network & Application

Introduction to IPv6 Network & Application. Passakon Prathombutr Next Generation Internet (NGI) National Electronics and Computer Technology Center. IPv6: Why? & How?. USER. Why? How?. CARRIER ISP. Why? How?. DEVELOPER RESEARCHER. Why? How?. Needs for IPv6. Unlike Y2K

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Introduction to IPv6 Network & Application

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  1. Introduction to IPv6Network & Application Passakon Prathombutr Next Generation Internet (NGI) National Electronics and Computer Technology Center

  2. IPv6: Why? & How? USER Why?How? CARRIER ISP Why? How? DEVELOPER RESEARCHER Why?How?

  3. Needs for IPv6 • Unlike Y2K • IPv4-1970, IPv6-1990 • Exhaustion of IP (v4) addresses • Why not IPv5? • “5” becomes stream protocol, ST, assigned in version field of header. • Enhance features

  4. Technological Imperatives for Adoption • Need Killer Application? • Network Address Translation (NAT) • Not for IPSec, QoS, VoIP, Peer-to-Peer • Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) • Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)

  5. What is IPv6? • Internet Protocol Version 6 designed by IETF to replace current IP (IPv4) • More address spaces (128-bits) • New header design and features

  6. Header comparison 15 16 31 0 Removed (6) vers hlen TOS total length • ID, flags, flag offset • TOS, hlen • header checksum identification flags flag-offset TTL protocol header checksum 20 bytes source address destination address Changed (3) options and padding • total length => payload • protocol => next header • TTL => hop limit IPv4 vers traffic class flow-label Added (2) payload length next header hop limit • traffic class • flow label 40 bytes source address Expanded destination address • address 32 to 128 bits IPv6

  7. Major Improvement of IPv6 Header • No Option field. Replaced by extension header. Result in a fixed length, 40-byte IP header. • No header checksum. Result in fast processing. • No fragmentation at intermediate nodes. Result in fast IP forwarding.

  8. 128-bit IPv6 Address 3FFE:085B:1F1F:0000:0000:0000:00A9:1234 8 groups of 16-bit hexadecimal numbers separated by “:” Leading zeros can be removed 3FFE:85B:1F1F::A9:1234 :: = all zeros in one or more group of 16-bit hexadecimal numbers

  9. Prefix Allocation Type Prefix (binary bits) Range Global (+anycast) 001 2xxx to 3xxx Link-local 1111 1110 10 FE8x to FEBx Site-local 1111 1110 11 FECx to FEFx Multicast 1111 1111 FFxx Link-local: Unreachable from other sites, equivalent to IPv4 private addr. Site-local: Used to communicate with neighbor node on the same link. Global Allocation: 2001::/16 Sub-TLA Assignment (by APNIC, ARIN, RIPE) 2002::/16 6to4 (simply generated from 1 public IPv4 address) 3FFE::/16 6bone (e.g., NECTEC got 3FFE:4016::/32)

  10. Example on Windows XP From router C:\> ipv6 if Interface 4: Ethernet: Local Area Connection {0220B018-5B2D-43A4-B44F-D2641F448EB0} uses Neighbor Discovery uses Router Discovery link-layer address: 00-0e-a6-5b-15-87 preferred global 3ffe:4016:e000:1:7408:b672:b459:8f6b, life 6d20h36m49s/20h3 4m2s (anonymous) preferred global 3ffe:4016:e000:1:20e:a6ff:fe5b:1587, life 29d23h53m56s/6d23 h53m56s (public) preferred link-local fe80::20e:a6ff:fe5b:1587, life infinite multicast interface-local ff01::1, 1 refs, not reportable multicast link-local ff02::1, 1 refs, not reportable multicast link-local ff02::1:ff5b:1587, 2 refs, last reporter multicast link-local ff02::1:ff59:8f6b, 1 refs, last reporter link MTU 1500 (true link MTU 1500) current hop limit 64 reachable time 15000ms (base 30000ms) retransmission interval 1000ms DAD transmits 1 Random EUI-64MAC

  11. Benefits of IPv6 • Improve efficiency in routing and packet handling • Large addressing space and network prefixes – short and scalable routing table • Header format is simpler than that of the IPv4 header – good for 64-bit processors • Support Plug and Play address auto-configuration/ renumbering • Good for mobile IP wireless devices, and home appliances. • Easier to transit from one provider to another.

  12. Benefits of IPv6 (cont.) • Support for embedded IPSec • Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) and Authentication Header (AH) are parts of extension headers • Improve support for multicast – No more broadcast addresses • Eliminate the need for NAT • Support for widely deployed routing protocols e.g., OSPFv3, IS-ISv6, RIPng and BGP4+

  13. Techniques for Transition • Dual stack • Between IPv6 islands via IPv4 cloud • IPv6-over-4 configured tunnel, 6to4, 6over4, ISATAP, Tunnel broker (freenet6, Hurricane Electric, TILAB) • Between IPv6 and IPv4 • DSTM(Dual-Stack Transition Mechanism), NAT-PT(Network Address Translation-Protocol Translation), SIIT (Stateless IPv6-IPv4 Translator), BIS(Bump-In-the-Stack), BIA(Bump-In-the-API), TCP-UDP relay

  14. 6to4 Tunneling IPv4 202.57.124.186 IPv6 2002:CA39:7CBA::1/128 IPv4 192.150.240.24 IPv6 2002:C096:F018::1/128 Tunnel 2002:C096:F018::2/128 2002:CA39:7CBA::2/128 IPv4 Network 6to4 router 6to4 router 6to4 network 6to4 network IPv4 packet Src. 202.57.124.186 Dest. 192.150.240.24 IPv6 packet Src. 2002:CA39:7CBA::2/128 Dest. 2002:C096:F018::2/128 IPv6 packet Src. 2002:CA39:7CBA::2/128 Dest. 2002:C096:F018::2/128

  15. เครือข่าย IPv6 • 6NET (www.6net.org) • A project to demonstrate how IPv6 technology can enable the continued growth of the internet. • 6LINK (www.6link.org) • A project that aims to foster an improved understanding of IPv6 development and deployment. • 6BONE (www.6bone.net) • An IPv6 Testbed of the IETF IPng project • 6NGIX and 6KANet • IPv6 Network Internet exchange • IPv6 Korea Advanced Network

  16. IPv6 sites • http://www.freenet6.net/ • Freenet6 server delivers IPv6 connectivity for end stations using IPv6 over IPv4 tunnels. Computers connected to Internet can use this free service to get connected on the 6Bone. • http://playground.sun.com/pub/ipng/html • IP Next Generation (IPng) Working Group Home Page • http://www.6bone.net • 6bone Home Page • http://www.euro6ix.net/ • European IPv6 exchange backbone. Jan02-05 • http://www.6ren.net • 6ren Home Page • http://ipng.ip6.fc.ul.pt • University of Lisbon Science Faculty IPv6 testbed (in Portuguese) • http://www.stardust.com/ipv6/index.htm • Technology channel on Startdust.com for IPv6 • http://www.ipv6.ru/ • Russian National IPv6 Forum • http://www.eurescom.de/public/projects/P700-series/P702/html/brochure.htm • European Institute for Research and Strategic Studies in Telecommunications • http://www.ipv6forum.com • A world-wide consortium of leading Internet vendors, Research & Education Networks. • http://hs247.com/ • IPv6 News & Links

  17. Current Products/Applications • *BSD, Linux, MS Windows 2000, XP, 9X, NT, Solaris, MAC OS X, Open-VMS, True64 Unix, HP-UX • Cisco, Juniper, Nortel, Fujitsu, Hitachi, GNU zebra, etc. • WWW, DNS, Mail, FTP, Telnet, News, Firewall, etc. http://playground.sun.com/pub/ipng/html/ipng-implementations.html http://www.deepspace6.net/docs/

  18. www.ist-ipv6.org

  19. Thank you

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