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Structure of the body

Structure of the body. The purpose of the skeleton is to support the body & Protect the heart lungs and other organs. Muscles. Muscles work in pairs to contract / shorten and extend / lengthen to bring about body movement. shoulder. Tendons attach MUSCLE to BONE.

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Structure of the body

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  1. Structure of the body The purpose of the skeleton is to support the body & Protect the heart lungs and other organs

  2. Muscles Muscles work in pairs to contract / shorten and extend / lengthen to bring about body movement shoulder Tendons attach MUSCLE to BONE Cartilage is fibrous elastic tissue found in the body. In the knee it acts as a pad/ shock absorber between the bones of the upper and lower leg Elbow Ligaments Holds joints in place / restrict the movements of joints

  3. JOINTS Ball and Socket Joint The hip and the shoulder are ball and socket joints Range of movement 360 Degrees

  4. HINGE JOINT Knee and Elbow are hinge joints Back and Forward movement in one plane.

  5. REMEMBER

  6. MOVEMENT OF THE HINGE JOINT • To straighten the arm the TRICEP SHORTEN S / CONTRACTS • the BICEP LENGTHENS / EXTENDS • This is because the muscle works in pairs. Muscle are attached to bones by TENDONS To bend the arm, the bicep shortens / contracts and the triceplengthens extends

  7. MOVEMENT OF THE BODY

  8. MOVEMENT OF A HINGE JOINT

  9. Muscles work in pairs • Muscles work in pairs to extend and contract. • What are the 2 main muscles which extend and contract when you kick a football? • Explain how these muscles extend and contract when you kick a football. • Quadriceps and hamstrings • To kick a ball, the hamstring tightens as the knee bends back, the quadriceps expends. The quad then tightens and the hamstring extends to bring the lower foot forward to make contact with the ball.

  10. JOINTS Complete the following sentences in your jotter. • Tendons attach to . MUSCLES BONE • Cartilage acts as a between the bones in the knee. SHOCK ABSORBER • Ligaments connect to to hold in place. BONE BONE JOINTS

  11. JOINTS • There are 2 ball and socket joints in the body. They are the and the . • Ball and socket joints have a degree range of movement. HIP SHOULDER 360 • 2 examples of hinge joints in the body are the and . KNEE ELBOW • Hinge joints move and only. BACKWARDS FORWARDS

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