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Unit 21 Looking After the World

Unit 21 Looking After the World. In this unit you Study vocabulary about sources of energy and about marine life; Revise giving advice and suggestions with modal verbs; Study the continuous future; Study the perfect infinitive used with reporting verbs in the passive.

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Unit 21 Looking After the World

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  1. Unit 21 Looking After the World • In this unit you • Study vocabulary about sources of energy and about marine life; • Revise giving advice and suggestions with modal verbs; • Study the continuous future; • Study the perfect infinitive used with reporting verbs in the passive.

  2. Activity one Greenpeace Launches renewable Energy Global Tour • Wednesday, June 26, Horns Rev, Denmark: in the lead up to the Earth Summit in Johannesburg in August, the Greenpeace ship, the Rainbow Warrior, today began the first part of a global journey to support the development of renewable energy around the world. • Offshore wind in the North Sea alone can produce nearly twice the electricity needs of the North Sea countries. Using only 20% of that would supply one-third of these countries electricity. Greenpeace are going to challenge governments and industry to make this happen.

  3. Activity one Greenpeace Launches renewable Energy Global Tour • The Rainbow Warrior sailed today to Horns Rev, the world’s largest offshore wind park, which is being built off the coast of Denmark. Another Greenpeace ship, the Arctic Sunrise, will begin the second part of the global tour in Southeast Asia next month. • “During these weeks, Greenpeace will be conducting this global tour with two ships to show that renewable energy is ready and able to replace dirty coal, oil, gas and nuclear power– not only in the future, but today”, said a Greenpeace spokesperson.

  4. Activity one Greenpeace Launches renewable Energy Global Tour • Wind energy is reported to be competitive with coal and gas power generation and clearly beats costly nuclear power. The UK government’s energy review claimed that wind energy will be the cheapest energy source by 2020. • Next month, the Arctic Sunrise will be visiting the Philippines and Thailand, where communities are rejecting dirty, old-fashioned energy technology like coal-fired power stations and demanding clean, renewable energy.

  5. Language Focus • 将来进行时 • 结构:will(not)+be+现在分词 • 强调在将来某一特定时间正在进行或要发生的动作。例如: • Next month, the Arctic Sunrise won’t be visiting the Philippines and Thailand.

  6. Language Focus • 情态动词表示建议,劝告和指令 • You should/ought to turn down your thermostat to save energy. • You must recycle your rubbish. • I really must do something about it. • You really shouldn’t miss it. • How can I save energy? • Why don’t you turn down your heating by on degree?

  7. Language Focus • Unless引导的真实条件句 • 表示“如果不”或“除非”, 相当于“if not” • Unless I buy a bike, I’ll have to use the car. • If I don’t buy a bike, I’ll have to use the car. • Unless you change your light bulbs, you won’t save any energy. • You won’t save any energy unless you change your light bulbs.

  8. Language Focus • 不定式的完成式与引述动词(say, know,understand,think, consider)的被动形式连用 • The sperm whale is believed to dive deeper than any other cetacean. • It’s believed that the sperm whale dives deeper than any other cetacean.] • Some whales are said to live many years. • A sperm whale is said to have dived to 2000 meters.

  9. Unit 22 Changing Patterns: Globalisation and Languages • In this unit you • Study vocabulary to do with languages; • Study the progressive infinitive; • Study be going to for prediction; • Review the uses of so; • Review the future perfect; • Study the use of likely, probable and possibly.

  10. Activity 5 Interview • Read the interview below and choose the best answer to the questions on page 60. • Interviewer: Why is English so important? • David: Well, English is so important primarily because so many people speak it and use it, so it has now become the lingua franca in the world in a way that we’ve never seen before. We’ve never had a world language of this kind before. So people are learning it now just to be able to communicate with native speakers, but also with speakers of other languages around the world.

  11. Activity 5 Interview • Interviewer: And why has it become that dominant language? • David:I think the reason for that is actually very complicated, although in the twentieth century, we can just see that it’s the rise of the US military and consumer power. I mean the technology, all the big developments in technology largely came from the US. So all of these developments actually were produced within the English language, and people had to learn English in order to understand them, or to benefit from them. • The Internet is only on example of that kind. Once a language has got into that position of dominance, it is actually very difficult to shift it. So we could be seeing the emergence of other big languages in the world becoming more important than they have been, like Spanish, but it’s unlikely that they’re going to shift the English from its position of dominance.

  12. Language Focus • So 的用法 • 1.So用作连词,表示结果,这种用法与therefore相似 • English is so important primarily because… • 2.So +形容词(+that结果状语从句,表示“如此,以至于” • The course was so good that I told my friend to do it. • 3.So+many+可数名词/So+much+不可数名词 • There were so many students in the class that the teacher couldn’t talk to them all. • 4.so that表目的 • People learn English so that they can use the Internet.

  13. Language Focus • Be going to 表将来 • I’m going to learn English to get a better job.(indicates the future) • Be going to表预测 • It’s unlikely that they’re going to shift English from its position of dominance. • Chinese is going to become more widely spoken.

  14. Activity 9 Will English Always Be the Main Internet Language? • The internets’s ability to connect a wide range of cultures encourages variety. However, for the time being, English dominates online because from the start it was the lingua franca of cyberspace. Will this always be the case? • Currently about 70% of Internet content is in English, but only about 44% of Internet users are native English speakers. Worldwide, native Spanish speakers outnumber native speakers of English online, and the number of native Chinese speakers is greater than both those groups put together.

  15. Activity 9 Will English Always Be the Main Internet Language? • Furthermore, Internet use among non-native speakers of English is growing at a faster rate than that of native English speakers. By 2003, the number of native English-speaking web users will have dropped to 29%, according to the estimate. • As a result, some researchers say that the early predominance of English is going to decline. They say that English will keep a special role in connecting communities whose native languages are different, but in about 20 years’ time, Spanish, French, Arabic and Chinese will also have taken on this connecting role. • If this is true, then monolingual native English speakers may be more likely to learn another language and also become bilingual, or even multilingual.

  16. Language Focus • 将来完成时 • Will/won’t+have+过去分词 • 将来完成时表示在将来某一时间完成某事。 • By 2003, the number of native English-speaking web users will have dropped to 29%. • By 2050, Spanish won’t have replaced French as a major Internet language. • Will Chinese have become the predominant Internet language by 2025?

  17. Unit 23 The World of Communication • In this unit you • Study language related to the media; • Extend your knowledge of linking words and phrases; • Study the use of whom; • Review reported speech and reporting verbs.

  18. Vocabulary • The Battle of Trafalgar • 特拉法加战役 • 特拉法加位于西班牙西南海岸,直布罗陀海峡西北。1805年由HORATIO NELSON海军上将率领的英国海军在特拉法加击败了法国和西班牙联合舰队。可是在这次战役中,这位英雄也献出了自己的生命。

  19. Activity 1 The power and influence of the media • Two hundred years ago, it took several weeks for the news of the important Battle of Trafalgar to reach London. Nowadays, you can watch a terrorist attack as it happens anywhere in the world. The communications revolution means that we are constantly bombarded with instant news. This has great advantages, but it also raised import questions. • Satellites have enabled immediate reporting worldwide. A reporter can send the news to a network like CBS News and within seconds it can be all over the world. Theysend electronic reports that go straight into the newspaper or onto the TV screen. Reporters can now also transmit images through their mobile phones. Consequently, live,”on-the-spot” reporting has become the norm and TV viewers can get a much better idea of what a natural disaster, a conflict or an interesting scientific discovery is like.

  20. Activity 1 The power and influence of the media • In recent years, several changes have occurred in the ownership of news media. Networks owned by large companies and governments have become bigger and very powerful. These networks—such as BBC News 24—are hungry for news and have huge audiences. However, there can only be a limited number of such networks and their ownership is a big issue. • Some companies not only own TV and radio networks but newspaper groups as well. Who decides that news to publish and what sort of “spin” to put on it? Is it always objective? There are now”spin doctor” who manipulate the news, emphasising certain parts and not others—and as a result, much of it is not neutral. Therefore, the question of control of the media matters very much. In some cases, the media companies are more powerful than governments. They can even influence elections. So the question is—should they be controlled and if so, by whom?

  21. Language Focus • whom的用法 • So the question is –should they be controlled and if so, by whom? • Whom置于介词后的用法一般出现在正式的书面语中。

  22. Language Focus • 连接词语的用法 • 1.On the one hand… on the other hand • 一方面,另一方面 • On the one hand there are the political changes which have taken place in the world. On the other hand there are the technological changes we’ve had. • 2.not only…but also 不仅,而且 • This makes it much easier not only to produce radio and TV broadcasts, but also to broadcast a lot more radio and televison. • He’s not only clever but also nice. • She not only palys well, but she also sings.

  23. Activity 10 Poll reveals TV news too negative • A recent Time/CNN poll in the USA has discovered that 75% of people agreed that the news media is “sensationalist”, 63% found it “too negative” and 73% said they are “sceptical about the accuracy” of the news they are receiving. • Local news programmes in the USA are so dominated by stories of violence and crime that other topics like government, education and the environment are left with little airtime. Network broadcaster John Walters claimed, “This lack of information has resulted in negative feelings towards the media. • Crime reports, which often serve as lead stories, make up an average of 30.2% of news time on local TV news programmes in the USA. Media researcher Bob Smith reported, “53% of crime reports are about murder, but it is one of the least frequently committed crimes.” another media study revealed that 42% of all local TV news broadcasts are stories about crime, disaster and war.

  24. Activity 10 Poll reveals TV news too negative • One possible reason for this is that local television news is ratings driven. Some market research suggests that viewers like to see stories of crime and violence, which increases the ratings of newscasts. Higher ratings mean higher advertising revenues. Mike Adams, a television executive, explained, “The increase in crime reports is because, on average, almost half the money a local station makes comes from news. • Many experts believe a steady diet of violence-oriented news broadcasts has serious effects. A spokesman for the National Television Violence Committee stated, “ There are three main risks associated with viewing media violence. People learn aggressive behavior. They become desensitised to real-world violence. These lead to an increased fear of being a victim of violence, resulting in mistrust of others.

  25. Language Focus • 直接引语,间接引语与引述动词 • John Walters claimed, “This lack of information has resulted in negative feelings towards the media.” • John Walters claimed that this lack of information had resulted in negative feelings towards the media. • 引述动词-to say, to report, to believe, to know, to understand, to consider, to claim, to explain, to maintain, to state etc.. • She complained that he never bought her flowers. • The prisoner claimed to be innocent.

  26. Unit 25 Working Life and Technology • In this unit you • Study language related to work and technology; • Review using to need; • Learn to use the structures used to and be/getused to; • Study the language of cause and effect; • Learn to describe technical problems and solutions; • Learn more about writing emails.

  27. Unit 25 Working Life and Technology • Read the email on page 100 and answer the following questions. • 1.What is the main change that has happened since Brett went away? • 2. According to Simon, are the changes mainly bad or good?

  28. Email • Subject: Reorganisation • Date: 12.11.2005 • From: Simon Harris • To: Brett • Cc: • Dear Brett, • Welcome back to St Swithen S. I look forward to hearing about your adventures in the US. • I’m writing because there have been a lot of changes since you went away, and you need to know about them before you can start work.

  29. Email • The main change is that we have had a new computer system installed. You will need to be trained in using the system before you can see any patients! I’ve arranged for you to have a training session at 10 O’clock on Monday with our IT consultant, Gerry. He’s a really nice guy. • It’s especially important that you can use the patient records system. We’ve had a few teething problems, and it seems complicated at first; but when you get used to it, you’ll find it really helpful. For example, it’s much quicker than the old system. Remember you used to wait ages before the information came up on the screen? Well, now it’s very quick.

  30. Email • You will also need to be familiar with the appointment booking system, so you can see who your next patient is. The new program makes it impossible to double-book a patient, so we shouldn’t get as many complaints as we used to. • As well as the computer system, we’ve also installed a new electronic security door. You will need a special card from reception and it will need replacing every two months. I’m afraid we made Bill redundant. It’s a shame; I used to enjoy talking to him every morning.

  31. Email • Well, I hope you like the improvements. Most people find that it makes their work easier and faster. There is one downside though; the atmosphere has become less personal. I fused to take to everyone a lot, but now we communicate by email most of the time. I even email people who work in the same room as me! • Well, see you on Monday, Brett. Nice to have you back. • Best wishes, • Simon

  32. Language Focus • Need 的用法 • Need +Noun. • You will need a special card from reception. • Need to do sth. • You need to know about them before you can start work. • Need doing • It will need replacing every two months. • It will need to be replaced every two months.

  33. Language Focus • Used to和 be/get used to 的用法 • I used to talk to everyone a lot, but now we communicate by email most of the time. • Remember you used to wit ages before the information came up on the screen? • I didn’t use to smoke, but I do now. • I’m used to writing emails. • Are you used to the new computer system? • I can’t get used to writing emails to people in the same room.

  34. Activity 9 Memo • Read the memo on page 107 and answer the following questions. • 1.How long ago was the new computer system put in? • 2.When were the first training sessions? • 3.Why do the computer break down? • 4. Why do the same patients’ records appear two times? • 5.Why has the number of double bookings gone up? • 6.Where do the patients take their record cards to when they get to the hospital?

  35. Language Focus • 描 述 技 术 问 题 与 建 议 解 决 办 法 • What’s the problem? • What’s the matter? • There’s something wrong with X. • X is not working. • I’m/I’ve been having a bit of trouble with X. • Are you sure that… • Have you tried doing… • The best thing to do is …

  36. Language Focus • 表达因果关系 • Poor education leads to unemployment. • Low interest rates may cause inflation. • Misspelling of patients’ names has resulted in the duplication of records causing inaccuracy in patients’s data. • Misspelling of patients’ names has resulted in the duplication of records…

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