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Section 9: Message Routing

Microsoft Exchange Server 2003. Section 9: Message Routing. Message Flow Routing Groups Mail Connectors Link State Routing Simple Mail Transport Protocol Administering Mail Flow. Section Objectives. 9-2. After completing this section, you will be able to:

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Section 9: Message Routing

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  1. Microsoft Exchange Server 2003 Section 9: Message Routing Message Flow Routing Groups Mail Connectors Link State Routing Simple Mail Transport Protocol Administering Mail Flow

  2. Section Objectives 9-2 After completing this section, you will be able to: • Describe the Exchange Server 2003 message handling architecture • Create a routing group • Use routing groups to optimize mail flow in your organization • Connect routing groups together • Connect an Exchange organization to the Internet • Describe how Exchange Server 2003 uses link state information • Describe the SMTP command and reply process • Configure mail exchanger records in DNS • Administer the default SMTP virtual server • List the advantages of using the AQV • Track messages with the MTC • Troubleshoot problems with mail flow

  3. Router: Link state or DNS Local queue Information store (store.exe, exsmtp.dll) Destination queue Active Directory EXIPC (exipc.dll) NTFS (ntfsdr.dll) Advanced queuing (aquue.dll) EXIFS (exifs.sys) SMTP (smtpsvc.dll) Message Handling Architecture 9-3 Routing/Queuing Catagorizor (cat.dll) IIS (inetinfo.exe)

  4. Router: Link state or DNS Local queue Information store (store.exe, exsmtp.dll) Destination queue EXIPC (exipc.dll) NTFS (ntfsdr.dll) Advanced queuing (aquue.dll) EXIFS (exifs.sys) SMTP (smtpsvc.dll) 1 3 6 5 2 4 Inbound Messages 9-5 Routing/Queuing Active Directory Catagorizor (cat.dll) IIS (inetinfo.exe)

  5. Router: Link state or DNS Local queue Information store (store.exe, exsmtp.dll) Destination queue EXIPC (exipc.dll) NTFS (ntfsdr.dll) Advanced queuing (aquue.dll) EXIFS (exifs.sys) SMTP (smtpsvc.dll) 1 3 4 6 2 5 Outbound Messages 9-7 MAPI client Routing/Queuing Active Directory Catagorizor (cat.dll) IIS (inetinfo.exe)

  6. Router: Link state or DNS Local queue Information store (store.exe, exsmtp.dll) Destination queue EXIPC (exipc.dll) NTFS (ntfsdr.dll) Advanced queuing (aquue.dll) EXIFS (exifs.sys) SMTP (smtpsvc.dll) 1 3 5 2 4 X.400 Message Transfer Agent Support 9-9 X.400 MTA X.400 connector Routing/Queuing Active Directory Catagorizor (cat.dll) IIS (inetinfo.exe)

  7. Routing group 2 Routing group 1 T1 10/100 Mb Gigabit Ethernet 256-Kbps CIR Creating Routing Groups 9-12

  8. Routing group Routing within a Routing Group 9-13

  9. Routing group Routing group Routing between Routing Groups 9-15 Bridgehead servers

  10. Internet mail • X.400 system • SMTP system • GroupWise • Notes External Routes 9-16 Routing group

  11. Routing Group Connectors 9-18

  12. SMTP Connector 9-20

  13. Internet Connection Wizard 9-22

  14. The X.400 Connector 9-24

  15. Link State Table 9-26 Routing Group Master

  16. Link State Propagation 9-28 Link state table Routing group master Bridgehead Status update Link state update Member1 Member3 Member2

  17. Total cost = 3 Routing group B Cost = 3 Routing group D Routing group C Routing group E Cost = 1 Routing group A Cost = 1 Cost = 1 Cost = 1 Determining the Best Route 9-29

  18. Total cost = 4 Cost = 3 Routing group A Routing group D Routing group C Routing group B Routing group E Cost = 1 Cost = 1 Cost = 1 Cost = 1 Best Route 9-31

  19. The winroute.exe Tool 9-32

  20. SMTP RFCs 9-34 2821 2822 RFC 2821 and 2822 define SMTP.

  21. S: Connection Initiated R: READY S: HELO R: OK S: MAIL FROM R: OK S: RCPT R: OK S: DATA R: OK S: data stream being sent . . . R: OK S: QUIT R: CLOSING Sender (S) Receiver (R) SMTP Process 9-35

  22. Extended Simple Mail Transfer Protocol 9-37

  23. MX Records 9-40

  24. Pickup Queue Badmail SMTP Folders 9-42

  25. SMTP Virtual Servers 9-43

  26. Configuring SMTP Virtual Servers 9-45

  27. SMTP Access 9-47

  28. Smart Hosts 9-49

  29. Advanced Queue Viewer 9-51

  30. Administering Queues 9-53

  31. Find Messages 9-54

  32. Troubleshooting Queues 9-55 • Message pending submissions • Messages awaiting directory lookup • Messages waiting to be routed • Local delivery • Messages with an unreachable destination • Messages queued for deferred delivery • DSN messages pending submission • Failed message retry

  33. Message Tracking Center 9-58

  34. Tracking a Message 9-59

  35. What is message flow? List the components that are involved in the message flow and storage of messages. What is MTA used for? Section Review 9-60 • Message flow is a generic term used to describe the mail delivery process. • aquue.dll store.exe exsmtp.dll • cat.dll phatcat.dll inetinfo.exe • drviis.dll ntfsdrv.dll exipc.dll • The MTA is used to send and receive messages from previous versions of Exchange and can be used to receive and send mail to other X.400 messaging systems.

  36. What is routing? What is a routing group used for? How are messages sent between servers in a routing group delivered? Section Review (cont.) 9-60/61 • When you send a message, it is first sent to the Exchange server to which you are attached. From there, the Exchange system finds the location of the recipient's mailbox and begins a process of moving the message to the recipient. This process of moving the message is known as routing. • A routing group is a message routing boundary. It is used to logically group together Exchange servers that are physically connected by a permanent, high-bandwidth, reliable network. • Messages sent between servers in a routing group are delivered directly from source to destination.

  37. Define BHS. How do you create a routing group? Once a message leaves a connector server, you can still track the message with the new tools provided by Microsoft. True False Section Review (cont.) 9-61 • BHSs are servers that are specifically designated to route messages from one routing group to another, over specialized connectors. • To create a routing group, right-click the Routing Groups container, point to New, and then select Routing Group. Enter the name of the new routing group on the General tab, and click OK.

  38. What makes the RGC easy to configure? What is the primary use of the SMTP connector? List the two stacks that can be configured for your X.400 connector. Section Review (cont.) 9-61/62 • What makes the RGC easy to configure is that after you have created one end of the connector, you'll be prompted to have Exchange automatically create an RGC in the remote routing group. If you choose to do so, the connector that is created in the remote routing group will inherit the settings you have chosen for the local connector. • The primary use of the SMTP connector in Exchange Server 2003 is for external communication. • X.25 stacks and TCP stacks can both be created for use by the X.400 connector.

  39. What is the function of the RGM? What is winroute.exe used for? Exchange Server 2003 is a native SMTP system. True False What is the benefit of “store and forward” message routing? Section Review (cont.) 9-62 • It is the function of the RGM to maintain link state information. • To view and troubleshoot the actual link state table. • The store and forward functionality allows administrators to set retry intervals for messages and prevents the occasional bad connection from killing e-mail messages.

  40. List the four SMTP folders created when IIS is installed on a Windows Server 2003 server with the SMTP option enabled. Why will you want to add additional SMTP virtual servers? Section Review (cont.) 9-62 • Drop, Pickup, Queue, and Badmail • To establish different authentication methods for different users or groups. • To maintain multiple domain names (namespaces) on the same Exchange server. • To configure different SMTP options for different users.

  41. Describe the General, Access, Messages, and Delivery tabs from the properties sheet when configuring SMTP virtual servers. Section Review (cont.) 9-63 • The General tab of the SMTP virtual server properties can be used to enable logging. This option will generate transaction logs. • The Access tab is where you can restrict connections to this SMTP virtual server. • The Messages tab gives you finite control over the size of messages that an SMTP virtual server will process. • The primary purpose of the Delivery tab is to allow an administrator to control the intervals that an SMTP virtual server should use for delivering messages and what intervals to use on the subsequent attempts to deliver undeliverable messages.

  42. What are smart hosts? What is the function of the AQE? Section Review (cont.) 9-63 • Smart hosts take the burden off your SMTP virtual server to manage the queues for outbound mail by allowing you to specify a dedicated machine for this purpose. Another benefit to using a smart host is security. • The advanced queuing engine manages both the outbound message queues and the inbound message queues. The best indicator of a connectivity problem in an Exchange environment is the status of a message queue. The queue viewer in Exchange Server 2003 allows you to centrally monitor queues from servers across an enterprise.

  43. The new AQE for Exchange Server 2003 allows you to click on a button to disable all outbound mail for each server independently of one another. True False Describe the function of the Message Tracking Center. Section Review (cont.) 9-63 • Once message tracking has been enabled it will record all inbound and outbound message routing information.

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