kuliah strategi kecekapan tenaga -pengurusan tenaga dr.mohd zin kandar

1. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my Kuliah Strategi KECEKAPAN TENAGA -pengurusan tenaga Dr.Mohd Zin Kandar

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9. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my Initial energy mapping The initial mapping is basis for the energy management system Focus on substantial energy consumption's The initial energy mapping constitutes the basis for the Energy Management system and is used for prioritising efforts.  In Energy Management focus should be on substantial energy consumption’s to generate maximum impact of energy management.The initial energy mapping constitutes the basis for the Energy Management system and is used for prioritising efforts. In Energy Management focus should be on substantial energy consumption’s to generate maximum impact of energy management.

10. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my Initial energy mapping Mapping of energy consumption can be divided into following main categories: Supply Process Utilities Air Conditioning Energy consumption is divided into end user categories as supply (boilers, distribution system etc.), process, utilities (cooling, compressed air etc.) and air conditioning to have a more precise overview over energy consumption.Energy consumption is divided into end user categories as supply (boilers, distribution system etc.), process, utilities (cooling, compressed air etc.) and air conditioning to have a more precise overview over energy consumption.

11. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my Initial energy mapping Here we have the split of power consumption. The division into end users is normal for a dairy in western countries from where the figures are taken (Russia). In Malaysia there will be an energy consumption for AC.Here we have the split of power consumption. The division into end users is normal for a dairy in western countries from where the figures are taken (Russia). In Malaysia there will be an energy consumption for AC.

12. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my What is an energy policy? A declaration about intentions and principles concerning energy efficiency Framework for aims, targets and actions

13. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my Energy policy Includes commitments for continuous improvements Should be relevant for the activities at the enterprise and their influence at the energy consumption Indicate extent, ambitions etc. of the Energy Management system Should be disseminated internally and available for publicity The Energy policy is the constitution of the Energy Management system. It should be general and robust and valid on a long term basis. Ask whether any of the participants have formulated an energy or environment policy The Energy Policy differs a lot between companies as it reflects their ambitions, company culture, but the Energy Policy should states willingness to continuous improvements, be relevant for company activities, products, services, and it should describe activities included in Energy Management. The Energy Policy should be communicated both internally and externally.The Energy policy is the constitution of the Energy Management system. It should be general and robust and valid on a long term basis. Ask whether any of the participants have formulated an energy or environment policy The Energy Policy differs a lot between companies as it reflects their ambitions, company culture, but the Energy Policy should states willingness to continuous improvements, be relevant for company activities, products, services, and it should describe activities included in Energy Management. The Energy Policy should be communicated both internally and externally.

14. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my Content ofenergy action plan Responsibilities and authorities for each working area concerning energy efficiency Resources (personnel, economy) How to carry out the energy efficiency work (project descriptions, tasks etc.) Time schedules Aims for the energy saving actions including documentation The Energy Action Plans describes in detail for each agreed activity originating from the energy objectives: what should be done how should it be done when should it be done who is responsible project resources should the impact of the action plan be verified and in what way.The Energy Action Plans describes in detail for each agreed activity originating from the energy objectives: what should be done how should it be done when should it be done who is responsible project resources should the impact of the action plan be verified and in what way.

15. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my What is energy control? Energy control is systematic continuous control and surveillance of energy consuming equipment to ensure energy efficient operation

16. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my Energy control is: A mean to achieve lowest possible energy consumption and operation costs A mean to maintain obtained energy savings A mean to identify new possibilities for energy efficiency Concern for environment

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19. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my Energy Audit Process Set-up meeting Data Collection End-use load apportioning Identification of Energy Saving Measures Reporting & Presentation

20. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my Set-up meeting Understanding the organisation Get cooperation and support from the people in the organisation.

21. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my Data Collection Desktop data collection Get available sourse from:- Architectural drawing. Single line power supply drawing. Lighting drawing. A/C system drawing & design manuals. Load control system inc. timer, BAS etc. Energy bill historical data (min. 1 yr.) Field data collection Cross checking of load demand data.

22. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my End-use load apportioning Energy consumption data Monthly (kWh). Yearly (kWh). Analysis of end-use load for; Lighting A/Conditioning General equipment. Draw pie-chart.

23. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my Annual Energy Consumption& Load apportioning

24. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my BUILDING ENERGY INDICES Are indices of energy performance of building/end-use energy. Can be in the form of:- Building Energy Index Lighting energy index Air-conditioning energy index Unit:- KWh/sq.m/yr. Total energy cinsumption a year devided by floor area. Total end-use energy consumption a year devided by floor area.

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26. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my Example of Buildings audited in 2002 & their BEI Wisma Persekutuan A 249.61 kWh/m2/yr Wisma Persekutuan B 152.44 kWh/m2/yr Ibu Pejabat A 251.8 kWh/m2/yr Ibu Pejabat B 121.64 kWh/m2/yr Kompleks Pej. A 170.0 kWh/m2/yr Bangunan Rumah Persekutuan, A 107.6 kWh/m2/yr Kementerian P A 119.56 kWh/m2/yr Menara B 246.84 kWh/m2/yr MINTA B 211.29 kWh/m2/yr Wisma Persekutuan C 133.72 kWh/m2/yr Pusat B 155.4 kWh/m2/yr

27. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my In-house Energy Audit Continuous energy analysis and conservation process Includes: Mapping of energy consumption for the processes that are examined Plant and process descriptions Plant and process analysis Energy efficiency opportunities Implementation plan Please consult the “In-house Energy Audit” slide show and compendium. Important to evaluate and analyse energy consumption continuously In-house Energy Audit is not as comprehensive as an energy audit performed by a consultant. It is the “day-by-day” energy analysis and analysis of process/equipment pointed out in the Energy Action Plan Short presentation only - e.g. 1-2 minutesPlease consult the “In-house Energy Audit” slide show and compendium. Important to evaluate and analyse energy consumption continuously In-house Energy Audit is not as comprehensive as an energy audit performed by a consultant. It is the “day-by-day” energy analysis and analysis of process/equipment pointed out in the Energy Action Plan Short presentation only - e.g. 1-2 minutes

28. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my EA Personnel Performed by the Energy Manager or a team of employees with special knowledge Can occasionally be assist by a external consultant

29. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my Energy targets and objectives Objectives How could the energy policy be fulfilled over time The energy objectives should challenge, commit and motivate to continuous improvements and ensure progresses Success criteria The Energy objectives should challenge, commit and motivate the company and in this way ensure progress in energy efficiency. The objectives sets the overall goals for the work with Energy Management and describes how to fulfil the Energy Policy.The Energy objectives should challenge, commit and motivate the company and in this way ensure progress in energy efficiency. The objectives sets the overall goals for the work with Energy Management and describes how to fulfil the Energy Policy.

30. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my Revision of energy mapping Regular revisions (status) Evaluation of development in energy consumption in past period Main energy consumption areas are updated Relevant new working areas are identified and prioritised Basis for new energy action plan (annually) The energy mapping should be revised regularly, e.g. once a year. As a part of the revision the development in energy consumption, in total and key figure level, is analysed. The revised mapping is compared with the focus areas mentioned in the energy target and action plans. If necessary new prioritised working areas are written into the energy action plans.The energy mapping should be revised regularly, e.g. once a year. As a part of the revision the development in energy consumption, in total and key figure level, is analysed. The revised mapping is compared with the focus areas mentioned in the energy target and action plans. If necessary new prioritised working areas are written into the energy action plans.

31. expg@tm.net.my mzin@usm.my SELAMAT MAJU JAYA