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IT Infrastructure; LAN & WAN Network of POWERGRID

IT Infrastructure; LAN & WAN Network of POWERGRID. Evolution : Early 90’s. Multi User Centralized Main Frame Systems with proprietary OS and specialized engineering applications at corporate centre in Fully AC, Dust free Computer Centre at Corporate Centre.

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IT Infrastructure; LAN & WAN Network of POWERGRID

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  1. IT Infrastructure; LAN & WAN Network of POWERGRID

  2. Evolution : Early 90’s • Multi User Centralized Main Frame Systems with proprietary OS and specialized engineering applications at corporate centre in Fully AC, Dust free Computer Centre at Corporate Centre. • Similar system at RLDCs for Real time Data acquisition(Siemens system at NRLDC,ERLDC & ABB system at WRLDC • These systems were mainly used for analysis and reporting

  3. Evolution:Mid 90’s • With evolution of Personal computer 286,386 computers came out of the computer centre and there was transformation from centralize computing to distributed computing. • Computer used for word processing and Spread sheets with CUI softwares like wordstar and Lotus. • To fulfill the need of information sharing on limited basis these network were connected through BNC cabling system and Novell Server was used mainly for File sharing .

  4. Late 90’s to 2002 • In late 90’s and early 2000 there were substantial development in H/W & S/W and networking area. • Hardware: 486,pentium I/II/III • OS: Win 3.1/ Win 95/Win 2000(GUI)/Linux • Office : Office 95/97/2000 • NOS: WIN NT/WIN 2000 Server/Linux • Networking: UTP Cat III/IV/V,Hub & switches • These technologies were adopted in the company and GUI based networking was carried out at Corporate & Regional level. • Intranet Application,File sharing ,Use of Internet,Email.

  5. 2001-2002

  6. Communication/Network Infrastructure Communication / Network Infrastructure • Intra Organisational • 64 kbps TDMA VSAT-All RHQs, RLDCs and CC (Intranet) -Data channel interlink -Voice Communication • 2 MBPS Leased line between KS & HC • LAN at CC, RHQs and RLDCs • Dialup / Leased Internet access at RHQs and RLDCs at SS • Sub Stations – VSAT at Rengali, Durgapur, Indravati, Jaipur, Siliguri • Inter Organisational • 128 kbps VSAT Link through NIC to MOP and all CPSUs, CEA (CPSUNET)

  7. IT Network connecting 18 locations Corporate Office, Regional Head Quarters, Regional Load Despatch Centres and 5 substations LAN at all locations WAN over leased VSAT Network External Connectivity Dedicated Internet Connectivity at Corporate and Regional Offices VSAT connectivity with other Central PSUs under Ministry of Power Remote Dial-in access to the Network The Infrastructure

  8. Switched Ethernet LAN Nehru Place office Remote Dial-in 128 kbps leased line Router/ RAS INTERNET Mail server, Proxy server Public Domain Severs 128 kbps leased line VSAT link With RHQs / RLDCs (2 x 64 kbps CUG) 2 Mbps link Router / Firewall Router / RAS HUB 128 kbps VSAT link Other CPSUs, and MOP Intranet server Application server File server/ Novell Directory services Domain controllers / Active Dir. services Terminal server CD server Fully switched Ethernet LAN Fiber back bone More than 300 client nodes Spanning 5 floors NICNET 10/100 Mbps Switches Operating Environment: Win 2000 / NT servers Novell 5.1 Linux Win 2000/98 clients Multi-CPU servers Desktops & Thin Clients Katwaria Sarai office Network servers IT Network set up at Corporate Centre

  9. POWERGRID VIDEO CONFERENCING NETWORK ARCHITECTURE CC KS NEW DELHI CC HC NEW DELHI Dedicated leased line (2 Mbps) SR1 SECUNDERABAD NR I FARIDABAD PUBLIC TELEPHONY INFRASTRUCTURE SR II BANGALORE NR II JAMMU WR NAGPUR NER SHILLONG ER PATNA Ministry of Power New Delhi Any other location in India/ abroad With VC and ISDN facility ISDN PRI Channel (30 x 64 kbps) ISDN 3 x 128 Kbps 2 Mbps leased line • Conferencing speed : 384 kbps between any 2 locations • Additional standby line 128 kbps at all locations • Conf. between HC and KS possible at 768 kbps over leased line

  10. Need for integrated IT plan & Policy was felt in order to. Keep in pace with the IT Technology Reap maximum benefits with well justified investment Address the security Concern Work done in this direction: IT Policy Security Policy (Approved by BOD) Feasibility Report (Approved by BOD) on “EWAN”(a integrated enterprise wide IT infrastructure & Application Deployment project Need for Integrated IT Plan

  11. Total project cost 32 Crs. For IT infrastructure and network connectivity from Corporate level to Sub-Station level. Work to be completed in Phases. Establishment of High availablity(24 x 7) Data Centre at Corporate office Gurgaon for deployement of centralised application like FAS, Intranet/Internet application and finally ERP roll out. Usage of Telecom Network for connectivity. Establishment of converged network i.e network carrying Voice, Video & Data Salient Feature of EWAN

  12. EWAN project comprises of 8 Packages Gurgaon LAN & Data centre package Wide Area Network Package UPS package VOIP package Sub-Station LAN Package Gurgaon Multi Media package ERP Package Salient Feature of EWAN

  13. This package consist of three major components:- Local Area Network : providing connectivity to all the 600 computers & printers at Corporate centre and the servers hosting Enterprise applications. Data Center: Designed to ensure security, high uptime and scalabity in future Routers: Provide high speed connectivity to RHQs and RLDCs Gurgaon LAN Package

  14. Salient Features: Consist of 1200 nodes with 2-tier Architecture Avaya Cat 6 cables used for horizontal span Multimode (50/125 um) fiber (1000 SX interface) with redundancy for vertical span Layer -2 switch stack with fiber module for desktop connectivity. High back bone layer 3 central switch with all redundancies Copper Giga bit Ethernet for Server and Fiber Gigaethernet for Layer-2 stack switch connectivity 100 Mbps interface for WAN connectivity. QOS aware with security features at layer 3 & layer 4 Loacl Area Network

  15. LAN Architecture At Gurgaon 8th Floor 7th Floor 6th Floor 5th Floor 3rd Floor 2nd Floor 1th Floor 0th Floor

  16. Components of Data centre Intel Based Rack Mount Server for Network Applications RISC based Servers with SAN storage solutions for Database (ORACLE) Security sub-systems Intrusion Detection System Firewall Back up Library with backup software Redundant UPS with adequate battery backup and auto start DG set. Floor Mounted AC system KVM switches Management Software's like HP Open View, Ciscoworks etc Data centre

  17. INTEL SERVERS FARM 10 NOS FIBER SWITCH STORAGE BOX H U B INTERNET H U B LEASE LINE CLOUD PIX525UR ROUTER I P 330 PIX525FO CENTRAL ROUTER CISCO-3745 SITES ROUTERS( 13 SITES) CISCO 2691-- 8 NOS CISCO 3725---1 NOS CISCO 2651 XM-4NOS H U B IDS- NOKIA LAN - 1000 MBS UTP LINKS N A S CENTRAL SW ER-16 ENTERASYS SCSI NMS-SYSTEM FIBER BACKBONE 1.HP OPEN VIEW 2.CISCO-WORKS 3.ENTRASYS-ATLAS RISC - SERVER-HP TAPE LIB HP5060 ENTERASYS S/W PACKAGES: 1. WIN-2000 ADVANCE SERVER FOR INTEL-SERVERS 2. HP UX 11i FOR HP-5060 LIB 3.EXCHANGE 2000 - 2 NOS 4. HP OMNIBACK FOR HP5060 LIB 5. NMS H.P OPEN VIEW CISCO-WORKS ENTRASYS-ATLUS 6. CITRIX -XPE -- 1 NO FOR REMOTE CONSOLE 7. SHARE PORTAL 8. ORACLE HOST BASE IDS -6 NOS ENTERASYS VH-2492S TOTAL 59 SW IN 18 STACK 3 COM WIRELESS ACCESS DEVICE W/S WIN2000 POWERGRID- GURGOAN- NETWORK

  18. Directory Services: Keeps centralized repository of all the resource and single point authentication (Windows 2003 based ADS) Intranet/Internet Services Mail Service:For incoming and outgoing mail Distribution Thin Client Services: Allows Server Based computing File and print Services : For File sharing and printer sharing Backup Services:Provides Data Backup till the last backup point Database Services: Provides Oracle 9 Database at the backend for the Finance and Accounting System Services provided

  19. Firewall:It is placed at the edge of the Network and provides security to the Internal network Intrusion detection system: In case any body is trying to hack the Network It detects it and sends alert alongwith taking suitable action Proxy Services: Isolates internal network user from external world and performs caching DNS Services: Resolves IP address from name DHCP Services: Provides IP address to each of the host Services provided

  20. Routers :Cisco 2691 for RHQs, Cisco 2651 for RLDCs, Cisco 3725 for SR2TS, Cisco 3745 fro CC. All the Locations connected through 2/10 Mbps leased link in a mesh network formation for redundancy. Presently majority of links from BSNL ,to be replaced by POWERGRID’s Telecom link JAMMU and Shillong connected on PAMA VSAT Connectivity being extended to sub-stations. OSPF used as routed protocol Left over Sub-Station to be connected by Shared VSAT Back Bone for Converged Application Wide Area Network Package

  21. POWERGRID WAN

  22. To provide Voice communication facility among the employees at CC,RHQs and RLDCs using the same WAN infrastructure without any incremental running cost. 600 telephone set at CC, Gurgaon 140/90 at RHQ 60 each at each of the RLDCs. Provision for interface of Fax, MFD, Video Phones etc. Initially will work in CUG but after permission from TRAI, will be integrated with PSTN system. Along with the extension of WAN VOIP ot be extended to Sub-station which will be controlled by respective RHQs. Voice Net

  23. SCHEMATIC OF LAN INFRASTRUCTURE AT SUB-STATION Connected to Shillong through Optical Fiber Network ADM Local Server Administrative Building Control Room 8 Port Switch Stores 10 Mbps UTP to Fiber Converter 62.5/125 MM 6 Core armored fiber AC1 Equipment Single Mode Telecom Fibre Stores

  24. Exchange Server 2003 as mail server using user details from Active Directory Services of Windows 2003 Presently NERTS,NR1 and CC Mail system working in single Active Directory Mode other Regions are connected through SMTP connectivity. Finally all user to be migrated to single ADS and Mail system Front End and Back End architecture followed for security. IP Address of web based interface of Front End mail server http:// 203.200.81.8/exchange http://192.168.1.45/exchange Mail from sub-station to reside on the Mail Server at Respective RHQ. Mail Services

  25. Each user provided Mail Box of size 50 MB Presently HTTP interface provided from outside world Plan to extend RPC-over http from front end server. Exchange,POP3 ,SMTP ,HTTP interface for inside users. For prevention of SPAM Mail ORDBL.org database,SPAMorg and Inteligent Message Filter is used . Symantec Server Anti-virus at front-End mail Server and Trend micro Mail gateway protect at Backend Mail Services

  26. Thin client is the technology where all the processes run at server and only display is transferred to the low end diskless user machine. Three Dual CPU pentium IV servers with 2 GB RAM are being used as thin client servers which are providing services to around 250 thin client at corporate centre. Thin Client environment provides ease in management of User Data User Hardware User OS or software upgrade etc. Seamless integration of Thin Client and Thick Client Thin Client Services

  27. SERVER failure - database remains available Real Application Clusters Node 1 Node 2 FASNEW

  28. EXTRA SLIDES

  29. Networking Basics • Definition of Computer Networks:>Computer Network is said to be Interconnected collection of autonomous computers (unlike the Old central system). • Types of Computers Network(Based on Distance) • LAN (Local Area Network) 10m-1 km • MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)10 km • WAN (Wide Area Network)>10 to 1000km • Internet Internet is networking of number of networks across the world

  30. Networking Technology • Types of Computers Network(Based Transmission Technology): • Broadcast Network :This technology is genrelly used in LAN environment ,Traffic can be Unicast, Multicast or Broadcast • Point to Point Network: This Technology is used on WAN environment, Dial up Network to Internet • Development and standardization of Computer Networks: During Initial phase of development each individual networking companies were having there own networking solution. which resulted in no of network island and connecting two different network was a tough and expensive task.

  31. To overcome this problem International standards organization proposed Open System Interconnection reference Model.The whole network architecture has been divided into seven layers for ease of simplicity.These layers are Physical Layer Datalink layer Network Layer Transport Layer Application Layer TCP/IP Model

  32. BNC Cabling System: obsolete system, generally used in early and mid nineties LAN system ,Inherent design problem Thin Ethernet :10 Base 2,0.2 inch dia,Bus Architecture,185 mtrs,30 computers Thick Ethernet :10 Base50.4 inch Dia,Bus Architecture,500 mtrs. 100 Computers LAN Physical Layers Options

  33. UTP Cabling System:(Star Architecuture,used for horizontal and vertical cabling,widely used presently CAT 5E and upcoming Cat 6) Category 3:10 Mbps,100 Mbps half Duplex(using three pairs for Data transmission and fourth pair for Collision detection) Category 5,5E:100 Mhz frquency,Suitable for 100 Mbps using two pairs, Gbps using four pairs Category 6: 250 MHz frequency ,better profile ,More suitable for Gbps Category 7: 700 Mhz ,Suitable for Giga bit speed on copper LAN Physical Layers Option

  34. FIBRE Back Bone: Used for Backbone cabling and Campus cabling.Generally 62.5/125 Um and 50/125 Um Multimode Fibre is used for Back bone cabling of the LAN system. 100BaseFX:upto 400 mtrs., 100 Mbps 1000 BaseSX:260 Mtrs.,1000 Mbps 1000BaseLX:Single mode fibre,3 Km to 10 Km. LAN/MAN Physical Layers Option

  35. Dial Up Connection:Provides upto 56.6 Kbps on normal PSTN Line.Computer connects to modem thru RS-232 9 pin connector. Lease line :Provides permanent point to point connectivity Generally ranges from 64 Kbps to several E1.Lease line modem Connected to the router on Sync/Async port. ISDN BRI Dial Up Line:Digital link provide 64 Kbps speed , one ISDN contains two data channel of 64 Kbps and 16 Kbps control Channel. Connected to Router through NT(for S/T interface) or with U interface u don’t need NT VSAT:TDM/TDMA outbound 2 Mbps to all the users and inbound 128 Kbps shared in a group. VAST PAMA: Point to point clear channel allocation,Modem Connected to Router and the IDU unit of the VSAT Physical Layer Option(WAN)

  36. BNC cabling system with Thin COAX Cable and NIC with T-connector on the system connected to the LAN. HUB Based system with 10 or 100 Mbps speed with common collision and broadcast domain. Separate UTP Cabling from each of the system to the HUB device. System with NIC of RJ45 Interface Switched Ethernet :10/100/1000 Mbps speed with separate Collision domain and common/separate broadcast Domain. UTP Cabling for horizontal span and UTP/Fibre cabling at vertical span.Switching type,STP,VLAN Devices based on IEEE 802.3

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