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Note Sheet 17 – Uses of Microorganisms

Note Sheet 17 – Uses of Microorganisms. What is a microorganism?. Microorganism – a single-celled organism too small to see without the use of a microscope Bacteria and yeast are examples of microorganisms.

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Note Sheet 17 – Uses of Microorganisms

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  1. Note Sheet 17 – Uses of Microorganisms

  2. What is a microorganism? • Microorganism – a single-celled organism too small to see without the use of a microscope • Bacteria and yeast are examples of microorganisms

  3. Yeast – a eukaryotic, single-celled fungus that gets energy by fermenting sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide releasing 2 ATP for cell use

  4. Some bacteria get energy by fermenting sugars into lactic acid which releases 2 ATP for cell use

  5. What are some human uses of microorganisms? • Humans take advantage of the lactic acid or the alcohols/carbon dioxide produced in the fermentation process that bacteria and yeast cells perform

  6. What are some human uses of microorganisms? • Lactobacillus bacteria fermentslactose in milk into lactic acid – the lactic acid gives the milk a sour taste and causes it to clump together forming yogurt

  7. What are some human uses of microorganisms? • Lactobacillus will ferment skim milk into buttermilk and cream into sour cream

  8. What are some human uses of microorganisms? • Bacteria are used in the production of cheeses EX Swiss cheese is made by adding cultures of the bacteria S. thermophilus, Lactobacillus and P. shermani to warm milk. P. shermani consumes the lactic acid excreted by the other types of bacteria and, in turn, produces carbon dioxide forming bubbles.

  9. What are some human uses of microorganisms? • Bacteria ferments the sugars in wine to create vinegar

  10. What are some human uses of microorganisms? • Bacteria ferments the juices of the cucumber helping to create the flavors of dill pickles

  11. What are some human uses of microorganisms? • Some bacteria DNA has been changed by scientists so that the bacteria produce human substances like insulin and growth hormone

  12. What are some human uses of microorganisms? • Botox is a poison produced by Clostridium botulinum bacteriathat can kill you – it is used cosmetically to paralyze small muscles around the eyes preventingwrinkles from forming

  13. What are some human uses of microorganisms? • Yeast ferments sugars in bread dough creating carbondioxidegas which causes bread to rise

  14. Honey Wheat Sandwich Bread • The holes in the bread are made by bubbles of CO2 in the dough • The alcohol produced by the yeast boils away in the oven

  15. Rustic Bread

  16. Italian Bread

  17. French Bread

  18. Ciabatta Bread

  19. Plain and Sesame Bagels

  20. Cinnamon Raisin Bagels

  21. Marble Rye Bread

  22. Casatiello Bread

  23. Sourdough Bread

  24. Pane Siciliano (Sicilian Bread)

  25. Oatmeal Bread

  26. Pizza

  27. Pita Bread

  28. Soft Pretzels

  29. Bretzel (Bavarian Pretzel) Rolls

  30. Hard Rolls (Kaiser Rolls)

  31. What are some human uses of microorganisms? • Yeast ferments sugars in grape juice into ethanol creating wine

  32. What are some human uses of microorganisms? • Yeast ferments the sugars from malted grains into ethanol during the production of beer

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