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??:??????????????,??????????Disclaimer: Views expressed here are all of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the institutions to which the authors are affiliated. . ????????? Outline of Discussion. ?????????:Conceptual Framework????????????? Techno-Economic Features of Heath Care
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2. ??:??????????????,??????????
Disclaimer: Views expressed here are all of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the institutions to which the authors are affiliated.
3. ????????? Outline of Discussion ?????????:Conceptual Framework
????????????? Techno-Economic Features of Heath Care
???????????? Diversified Health Care Systems
??????????????? Multiple Roles of government
??????? Main Conclusion and Policy Proposal
??????????????????????? Regulatory System Building Should Be an essential Part of the reform plan
???????????:A Regulatory Framework
??????????:???????????
Regulation-inside-Government
????????:????????
Multiple-Layered Regulatory system
4. ????????? Structure of Health Care System
5. ??????????? Techno-Economic Characteristics of Health Care Services ??????;??/????;????????????;?????;??????????;???????;?????????;??????;?????
Scarcity, monopoly; uncertainty; information asymmetry; moral hazard; professional qualification and entry barrier; social justice and moral concerns; diversified demand; protection of privacy
6. ????????:??????????Rationale for Government Intervention: Correcting Market Failure
???????? Allocating Scarce Resources:Two Fundamentally Different Ways
??:???? Government Supply and Rationing
??:???????? Market: Bidding for Service
????????????????????:Classified by Funding
??????:??????(??),??????. Free services for all (UK model)
????:?????? Fee based model:
????,????????????????????????????????????????????????(??????????????), ????????(public services) ?? ,??????????????????????????????????????? (Grout?Stevens,2003)?In reality, all health care systems are of mixed type with government interventions. Government are involved simultaneously in directly supplying services, buying services by provide funds and regulating service provision.
7. ???????????
Three Ways that Governments Can Intervene
8.
????????????????????????????????????????????There are diversified health care systems in the world that are defined by the differences in the governance structure of the health care institutions and structure of funding/purchasing organizations.
???????????????,??????????????????????????????(OECD),??????????????????????????????????,???????????(???????????????????)?Different systems have different performances, although they may have produced similar results in terms of the safeguarding the health of the citizens.
????????,?????????????????????????????????In all types of systems, governments are involved in supplying, funding and purchasing and regulation.
??????????????????Government regulation can be found in all the activities in health care service.
9. ?????????????????????:OECD?????? Diversified Systems OECD vs China
10. OECD ????????????GDP???Different Performances of Health Care Systems in OECD Countries: Total Health Care Expenditure in GDP
12.
????????,?????????????????????????????????In all types of systems, governments are involved in supplying, funding and purchasing and regulation.
??????????????????Government regulation can be found in all the activities in health care service.
13. ??????????? Regulation of Health Care Services
14. ???????????--????????Regulation of Public Service Provision ??????????? By Areas of Regulation
?????:??????????,?????????,?????????????,????????????? Economic Regulation.
????? :?????????????????????????????,???????????????????????,?????????????. Social Regulation
??????????? By Regulated Entities
?????:?????????,???????????,????????????????????????,?????????????????????Regulation of commercial entities
?????(regulation inside government) :??????????
15. ??????????????
16. ??????? Health Regulation
17. ????????????? Health Regulation in a Competitive Environment
18. ????????????? Health Regulation in a Competitive Environment
19. ??:???????? NHS Regulation in UK
20. ???????????????-- ????Restructuring Chinas Health Care System
21. ??????????????Change of Expenditure Structure of Chinas Health Care System
22. ??????? Competition still Limited
23. ?????????????--?????????Promoting Competition and Strengthening Regulation ?????:Inside Government
????????????:?????????;
???????????
???????????:????????????;
24. ???????????????Rules at all three Levels determining health regulation
???? Laws:«?????????????»(1989.2)?«????????????»(1994.10)?«??????????»(1997.10)?«????????????»(1998.6)?«????????????»(2001.2)?«?????????????»(2001.10)?«???????????????»(2001.12)?
?????? Administrative Ordinances :«????????»(1994.2)?«?????????»(2001.6)?«????????????»(2001.6)?«????????»(2002.4)?«????????????»(2003.5)?«????????»(2003.6)???????????
?????? Detailed Rules and Provisions:«????????????»(1994.9)?«????????»(1994.9)?«????????????????»?«????????????????????????????????????»?«?????????????»?«????????????????»?«??????????????»?«?????????????????»?«???????????????»?«?????????????????????»?«??????????????(??)»????«??????????????????????????????????»?«?????????????»????«??????????????????????»?«?????????????????»?
26. ?????????:???????????Public Health Regulation: Problems
27. --?????? Government Responsibility Not Clearly Defined ???????????????????????????????
28. --?????? Not Accountable
29. --?????????? Incomplete rules and weak enforcement
30. --??????? Regulatory governance incomplete ? ????????,????????????,????????????????,?????????????,????????????
?????????????????:?????????????????????????????,?????????????,??????
????????????:??????????????,???????????????????????
???????????????????:????????????????????,?????????????
???????????????.
31. ?????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????Key Issues in Health Care Regulation
32. ???? Defining the Role of the Government ????????,??????
????????????????????????
?????????????,??????????????
?????????????,???????????????
???????????????????????????,????????????????
33. ???? A Framework for Regulatory System ????????????
?????????,??????????,??????,??????????????????????????;
????????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????,???????????????????????????????????????
34. ????????????
35. ???? Capacity Building ?????????????
???????????
?????????
?????????????
???????????????
36. ?? Conclusion
37. ??!
Thank You!