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President Calvin Coolidge

President Calvin Coolidge. Background/Early Life. Calvin Coolidge was born on July 4, 1872 Plymouth Vermont. He was the son of a village store keeper. Growing up, he helped his father’s business and hoped to be a merchant like his father.

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President Calvin Coolidge

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  1. President Calvin Coolidge

  2. Background/Early Life • Calvin Coolidge was born on July 4, 1872 Plymouth Vermont. • He was the son of a village store keeper. Growing up, he helped his father’s business and hoped to be a merchant like his father. • The sadness of his sister and mother’s early death added to his reserved public image. • In Oct 4, 1905 he married Grace Anna Goodhue, an instructor for hearing-impaired students. The two met when Goodhue happened to look in a window where Coolidge was shaving in nothing but his underwear and a hat. Upon this sight she laughed loud enough for Coolidge to see. • His children consisted of John (born 1906) and Calvin (born 1908) Coolidge. • During 1924 Calvin died at the young age of sixteen due to an infected toe he had blistered during tennis. His son never would see past his campaign. • In 1895 graduated from Amherst College with Honors entering law and politics at Northampton, Massachusetts. There he would pass his bar examination in 1897. • He climbed up the political ladder as councilman in Northampton to Republican Governor of Massachusetts.

  3. Political Rise to Presidency In 1896, Coolidge campaigned along with the Republican Party for Presidential Candidate, William McKinley. In 1897, Coolidge was admitted to the bar, becoming a country lawyer. In 1898, won City Council of Northampton. 1910-1911, Mayor of Northampton. 1915, Coolidge wins lieutenant governor. In 1918, Coolidge wins election for Governor of Massachusetts. 1920, Vice President Elections. 1923, After the death of President Harding, Coolidge succeeds the presidency.

  4. PIRATES Political 1923 – Coolidge takes the presidency after Harding’s death; 1924 – Coolidge is elected to a second term, defeating Democratic nominee John W. Davis and Progressive nominee Robert M. La Follette; US troops evacuate Dominican Republic; 1926 – US resolution to join World Court not accepted; Coolidge sends troops to Nicaragua; 1928 – Stalin becomes dictator in Soviet Union; 1928-29 – Kellogg-Briand Pact outlawing war Intellectual 1923 – National Women’s Party campaign for constitutional Equal Rights Amendment; 1925 – Scopes trial vs. Butler Act (teaching evolution in public schools) Religion Catholic discrimination and prejudice due to Ku Klux Klan and WASP Arts/Culture Harlem Renaissance; 1925 - The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald; An American Tragedy by Theodore Dreiser; 1926 - The Weary Blues by Langston Hughes; The Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway; 1927 – First movie with sound: The Jazz Singer; 1929 - The Sound and the Fury by William Faulkner A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway

  5. PIRATES Technology Industry growth; 1925 – Florida real estate boom in Miami; 1927 – Lindbergh’s first flight across the Atlantic Ocean; 1928 – Use of the radio for presidential campaigns Economy/Environmental Coolidge and Sec. of the Treasury Mellon reduced income and estate taxes & reduced national debt by $1 each year; Growth of big businesses; Unemployment rates between 1.5-2 million; 1923 – Earthquake in Tokyo; 1924 – Dawes plan for international finance with European nations; 1927 – Great Mississippi Flood; Coolidge vetoes the McNary–Haugen Farm Relief Bill Social Higher standard of living and shorter work week; Work benefits such as cafeteria, healthcare, paid vacations; New Ku Klux Klan and pro-White Anglo-Saxon Protestant (WASP) lost influence during Coolidge’s term; Gang wars in Chicago; alcohol bootlegging, prostitution, narcotics, gambling; 1924 – Immigration act; 1929 – Capone’s Valentine’s Day Massacre

  6. Coolidge was a president that went with the ideals of laissez-faire. He did not do much to change how the nation ran. Instead, he made sure that the nation would stay on the track that they were on. When Harding died, one of the first things that Coolidge did was fix the scandals that ran in government at the time. Examples are: The Teapot Dome Scandal and The Elk Hills Scandal. But, he did advocate more cuts in federal taxation and spending, maintained a high protective tariff, and realigned policy to favor business. He did block the McNary- Haugen scheme, which called for a federal farm board to purchase surplus farm production at pre-World War 1 prices. Domestic Policy Issues

  7. Foreign Policy Issues • At this time around, the United States still refused to participate in the formation on the “League of Nations” AKA The United Nations for many reasons. And although Coolidge and his secretary of state sided with joining, the others powers of government did not allow it. • Coolidge also tried and tried again to maintain a healthy relationship with Japan. But, the relationship did not last long for our reputation with the Japanese were once again tainted when Congress reduced the Immigration Quota for Japanese immigrants in the Immigration Act of 1924. • Also at this time, the USA, was trying to aid in the passing of the Kellogg- Briand Treaty in order to prevent another world war. But, even though it passed, nobody was there to enforce it. • Like we previously mentioned, he constantly worked with his secretary of state, Charles Evans Hughes, in foreign issues such as, the reconstruction of German reparations in the Dawes Plan and the Stimson accords for pacifying Nicaragua. • At this time, our biggest concern with out next door neighbor, Mexico, was not so much immigration, but rather oil. With Mexico under new presidency, their government rules that the United States does not owe any of the oil fields that they have been investing in. But later on, it is ruled that the oil fields owned before 1917 by the US are property of the US’s.

  8. Quote Much? “Don't expect to build up the weak by pulling down the strong.” - President Calvin Coolidge “If you don't say anything, you won't be called on to repeat it.” - President Calvin Coolidge “All growth depends upon activity. There is no development physically or intellectually without effort, and effort means work.” - President Calvin Coolidge

  9. Success Vs. Failures Success Failures By 1908, still did not make one of the leaders in the legislator Loses friends among organization labor Placed sixth in the Presidential Elections Did not stand out in President Harding’s Cabinet • Selected to become a member of the Republican City Committee • Won election for mayor of Northampton • Coolidge was selected to be the “Bread and Roses” chairman • Railroad Committee chairman • Coolidge wins the 1915 elections for Lieutenant Governor • Coolidge nominated for Governor of Massachusetts • Nominated for Vice President • After Harding’s death Coolidge succeeds Presidency • Wins 1924 Elections

  10. One Word Passive President Coolidge was always known as “Silent Cal” due to his tendency to speak very few words, if any. Throughout his presidential career, he allowed industry and the treasury to develop itself with his laissez-faire ideology. Besides his part in speaking for the civil rights of Catholics and African Americans, Coolidge only acted when necessary. He did not actively seek for bills to be passed or search for a war. He was not interested in immediate action for the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, nor did he show much interest in foreign affairs. At the end of his political career, Coolidge remained quiet about politics and left office with no intent to return.

  11. Thoughts about his Presidency • Despite his popularity as during his term in office, the Great Depression that started less than a year after he left office drastically changed his public opinion about his particular polices. • His passive policy stance essentially set up the fall for the country. • His refusal to aid agriculture left five thousand rural bands in the Midwest and South towards bankruptcy, leaving farmers to lose land. • His tax cuts seriously favored the rich. By 1929 only a fifth of the population controlled nearly 60 percent of the nations wealth. • This left seventy percent of the population making earnings that of near or the poverty line for a family of four. • Moreover eighty percent of the nation left the nation in serious debt due to purchasing goods on “easy installments”. • There was also great trouble with his support for giant corporations. Since they own about fifty percent of the nation’s wealth their prices were hardly ever lowered because they had no competition. • This was especially troublesome when upper-class and high middle class families purchased stocks than into savings of fruitful companies. • Although he regained his public image in 1980’s with his conservative movements, his Presidency in short was everything less than successful.

  12. Team Members Moses Bernabeo Lianne Laguitan Alexandria Hatfield Ticia Francisco Period 5

  13. Sources http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/calvincoolidge http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/coolidge/essays/biography/1 http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/calvincoolidge http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Calvin_Coolidge,_bw_head_and_shoulders_photo_portrait_seated,_1919.jpg http://www.vermonthistory.org/freedom_and_unity/create_image/images/coolidge.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.vermonthistory.org/freedom_and_unity/create_image/famous.html&usg=__JOvDG5YuXfmPd5lKt-QS4Cp0fHs=&h=310&w=270&sz=36&hl=en&start=3&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=OCTMr_G8r4GrtM:&tbnh=117&tbnw=102&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCalvin%2BCoolidge%2Bfamily%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26sa%3DN%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26tbs%3Disch:1 http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/first-family/masthead_image/30cc_header_sm.jpg http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/c/calvin_coolidge.html http://capecodbranding.files.wordpress.com/2008/12/calvincoolidge.jpg http://www.picturehistory.com/images/products/2/8/0/prod_28072.jpg

  14. Sources Compton's by Britannica. The American Presidency. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2009. 84-85. Print. Kennedy, David, Lizabeth Cohen, and Thomas Bailey. The American Pageant. Thirteenth Edition. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 2006. Print. "WikiNotes: 13th Edition." WikiNotes. Creative Commons, n.d. Web. 9 Apr 2010. <http://wikinotes.wikidot.com/13th-edition>. "Calvin Coolidge." Web. 11 Apr 2010. <http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_BInidS3BYa8/SPvlZsBpUnI/AAAAAAAABr4/xtWDaylxQxs/s400/Calvin+Coolidge.bmp>. "Charles Lindbergh." Web. 11 Apr 2010. <http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s2/Time/1929/lindbergh.jpg>. "KKK." Nick Ryan. Web. 11 Apr 2010. <http://www.nickryan.net/images/kkk.jpg>. "The Jazz Singer." The Auters. Web. 11 Apr 2010. <http://auteurs_production.s3.amazonaws.com/stills/14959/the-jazz-singer2.jpg>. "St. Valentine's Day Massacre." Web. 11 Apr 2010. <http://www.unbsj.ca/arts/english/jones/mt/images/DailyMirror.jpg>. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge http://amhist.ist.unomaha.edu/module_files/Calvin%20Coolidge%20taking%20the%20oath%20of%20office.jpg http://library.thinkquest.org/11492/cgi-bin/pres.cgi/coolidge_calvin?domestic http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:3RJABcs4Cn4J:www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1584.html+calvin+coolidge+key+domestic+policies+and+issues&cd=6&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us http://www.presidentprofiles.com/Grant-Eisenhower/Calvin-Coolidge-Foreign-policy.html http://library.thinkquest.org/11492/cgi-bin/pres.cgi/coolidge_calvin?342,12

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