International Space 2013

1. Douglas Messier Parabolicarc.com International Space 2013

2. International Investments & Partnerships • Virgin Galactic SpaceShipTwo & LauncherOne • Virgin Group (UK) • Aabar Investments (Abu Dhabi) – $490 Million • Abu Dhabi spaceport • Spaceport Sweden • XCOR Lynx • Space Expedition Corporation (Netherlands) • Curacao spaceport • Lynx campaign closed PR gap w/ VG

3. Russia • Angara • Modular LV family from light to heavy-lift • Replaces Proton, Zenit, Dnepr • First flight October/November 2013 • Possible LV for Soyuz replacement (c. 2018) • Soyuz 2.1v • Domestic light launch vehicle • NK-33 engine • First flight second half of 2013

4. Russia • Vostochny • Major construction underway • First launch 2015 • Human missions in 2018 (Soyuz or PPTS) • Baikonur • Kazahkstan wants to renegotiate lease (2050) • Russians run spaceport and city • Russia reaffirmed lease

5. Russia Orbital Technologies Commercial Space Station • Announced 2010 • Energia, Roscosmos • 7 crew members • Tourism, research • Launch: 2015-16 • No funding identified • No recent news

6. Russia Space Adventures Circum-lunar Trip • Announced Years Ago • 1 Pilot, 2 billionauts • $150 million apiece • 1 passenger signed • Test flight needed • Commercial flight NLT January 2017 • No recent news

7. Russia • Leads in launches (25 in '12) – but nothing else • New strategic plan to improve across-the-board • US $52 billion in spending through 2020 • Restore Soviet-era capabilities by 2015 • New technological breakthroughs 2015-2020 • Raise global market share from 10 to 16% • PPTS Soyuz replacement circa 2018 (6 seats)

8. Russia • Reorganize entire space sector • Sector operating at 30-40% capacity • Effective bankruptcy of certain firms • Roscosmos very small, supervision difficult • Solution – consolidation under Roscosmos • Potential problems • Destroy competitiveness • Extreme disruption

9. Russia • Space czar – Deputy PM Dmitry Rogozin • Improve quality control system • Worker training and education consortium • Increased industry salaries • Corruption crackdown • 1 in 5 rubles lost through waste, fraud • Russian Space Systems – GLONASS fraud • Skolkovo Foundation – fraud investigation

10. China • Second in launches with 19 in 2012 • 2 commercial launches last year • New Long March 5 delayed to 2015 • Tiangong-1 mission set for June • First lunar lander with rover this summer • ISS-style space station in 2020 • Plan for manned lunar missions uncertain

11. China • Cooperation with U.S. blocked by Congress • Even scientific cooperation difficult • Investigations into espionage • Widespread hacking of U.S. servers (JPL) • Cooperation with ESA & others growing • Possible European astronauts on Shenzhou • Cooperation with Italy on space modules • Possibly alternative to ISS continuation

12. India • Privatize PSLV and comsats – 2018 • PSLV is only reliable launch vehicle (21-1-1) • GSLV-II highly unreliable (2-4-1) • Only 7 launches in 12 years • Limited payload – 2.5 metric tons to GTO • GSLV-II with domestic cryogenic stage in July • GSLV-II cryogenic stage failure in April 2010

13. India • GSLV-III Under Development • Larger rocket: 10 tons (LEO), 4 tons (GTO) • Different design and technology from GSLV-II • Scheduled test launch in 2014 • Human Spaceflight Program • Overly ambitious – on hold until 2020s • Initial studies underway but not much • Rejected idea of foreign collaboration

14. India • Foreign Cooperation • U.S. lifted sanctions against country • Trade mission last year • Boeing, other companies interested • Outcome of commercial cooperation uncertain • New NASA cooperative agreement • SBSP satellite cooperation with NSS • Possible SBSP cooperation with China

15. Brazil • Cyclone 4 – Medium launch vehicle • Upgraded version of Soviet-era Cyclone 3 • Joint Brazilian-Ukrainian project • Alcantara Launch Center – equatorial • First launch NET 2015

16. Brazil • Scaled back launcher plan • Formerly based on Russian Angara • Smaller launch vehicles, more domestic involvement • Smallsat launcher (VLM-1) with Germany • Sufficient government funding? • SpaceX visit to AEB in January

17. Backup Slides

18. India • PSLV remains workhorse • Only reliable Indian satellite launcher (21-1-1) • 3,250 kg/7,200 lbs. (LEO); 1,410 kg/3,100 lbs. (GTO) • 4 stages – 3 solid, 1 liquid • Marketing arrangement w/ Arianespace • Mars spacecraft set for launch in late 2013

19. Japan • Epsilon light launcher • Solid fuel stages • 1.2 metric tons to LEO • Highly automated, cheaper • Replaces M-V rocket • First launch in August or September 2013

20. Japan • Basic Space Law – 2008 • Support commercial space through: • Procurement of goods and services • Cutting edge R&D and tech transfer • Taxation and fnancial policies • Maintenance of launch sites and infrastructure • Simplified complex space policy structure • “Non-military” to “non-aggressive” use of space

21. Ukraine • Coasting on Soviet era technology • Cyclone 4 project with Brazil • Zenit Sea Launch & Land Launch – reliability & financial issues • Dnepr – negotiations with Russia • Orbital Antares first stage • Dim ESA membership prospects

22. South Korea • Naro-1 project completed • Successful launch in January • Russian first stage prototype for Angara • South Korean upper stage and satellite • Domestic launcher by 2021 – 1.5 metric tons to LEO

23. Israel • Internationally competitive space sector • Optical and radar surveillance satellites • Advanced components and technologies • Small launch vehicles • Cooperation agreement with ESA • Not on path for full ESA membership