Mobile

1. Mobile Accessibility Testing By Priti Rohra Head Accessibility Testing BarrierBreak Technologies

2. Objectives • Define Accessibility • Identify types of disabilities • Identify the need for Accessibility • Understand Accessibility standards & guidelines • Perform Accessibility Testing across platforms • Understand how people with disabilities interact with mobile application

3. What is Accessibility? • The ease with which one can reach a certain place, person or thing • Civil right - Right to participate within a society on an equal footing with everyone else Accessibility & Technology • Design products that can be used by people with & without disabilities • Follow standards to ensure device independence

4. Types of Disabilities • Visual • Hearing • Learning • Mobility

5. Why Accessibility? • Access to Application for all users • Enhance the user experience for PWDs • Reduce the cost – single solution for all • Comply with Accessibility Standards • Increase the customer base > Revenue • Meet social responsibilities

6. Access Issues faced by PWDs Visual: • Unlabelled form fields • Missing text alternatives for images Hearing: • Missing captions for video • Missing alternate for audio alerts Mobility: • Lack of keyboard support • Illogical tab order Learning: • No means to control moving content • Missing instructions

7. Accessibility Guidelines & Standards • Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 • Web Accessibility Initiative Accessible Rich Internet Applications (WAI-ARIA) 1.0 • Mobile Web Best Practices

8. Overview of WCAG 2.0 • Based on 4 principles: • Perceivable • Operable • Understandable • Robust • Each principle comprises of a set of guidelines: 12 in all • Each guideline consist of Success Criteria's which need to be met: 61 in all • Success criteria's need to be met at 3 conformance levels: • Level A • Level AA • Level AAA

9. Platform Specific Guidelines • iOS: Accessibility programming guide for iOS • Android: Designing for Accessibility • Blackberry: Best practices designing accessible applications • Windows Mobile: Accessibility & Ergonomic Guideline

10. Accessibility Features on iphone VoiceOver Zoom Large Text Invert text colors Mono Audio Speak auto text

11. iOS & Accessibility • Accessibility support available from iOS 3.0 onwards • UI Accessibility Programming Interface that includes tools that help design accessible applications: • Helps applications provide all the user interface information; • Required by VoiceOver to communicate to users • Part of UIKit & is implemented on standard UIKit controls & views by default

12. Test for Accessibility on iOS • Accessibility Inspector • VoiceOver

13. Accessibility Inspector • Runs in iOS Simulator • Displays accessibility information for each element • Helps simulate VoiceOver interaction with UI elements • Examine the information provided by an element • To ensure that the element is accessible

14. VoiceOver • In-built screen reader that provides complete speech support • Activate: • Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver • User’s location is indicated with a black rectangle box surrounding the element – VoiceOver cursor • With VoiceOver running, check if: • Labels are meaningful • Spoken hints are descriptive • All elements are reachable • Content & functionality of the application is accessible

15. VoiceOver Gestures • Drag over the screen: Selects and speaks each item as you touch it • Single tap: Speak the selected item • Double tap: Activate the selected item • Two-finger tap: Stop speaking the current item • Flick right or left: Select the next or previous item • Two-finger flick up: Read all accessible items from the top of the screen • Two-finger flick down: Read all accessible items from the current position • Flick up or down: Move the insertion point forward or backwards in the text field • Flick up or down with three fingers: Scroll in a list or area on the screen • Flick up or down with a single finger: Adjust the slider – increase or decrease the values

16. Android & Accessibility • Android 1.6 & later - Basic in-built applications • Not enabled by default; • Settings > Accessibility > Enable Accessibility • Visual Impairments: • Talkback • Kickback • SoundBack • Other impairments: • Accessible applications are available from Android Market • Free as well as commercial

17. Android & Accessibility- 2 UI of the application is navigable using a direction controller: • trackball or D-pad • Label all UI widgets/elements: • Image buttons, Edit fields • To implement a custom view: • Ensure that it delivers appropriate accessibility events; • As the user interacts

18. Accessible Applications – Android Market • Big Launcher • Google Talk • Text to Speech Toy • Vlingo virtual assistant • Voice search

19. Talkback • Turn on Talkback by Eyes-Free Project • Pre-installed on Android based phones or; • Download for free from Android Market • Ensure that Text-to-Speech engine is installed: • If not, install the required voice data • Enable Accessibility & Talkback • Select Talkback as the default input method

20. Test with Talkback • Check if you can navigate to all screen elements logically using the virtual D-pad • Check if all elements are labeled • Ensure that they are appropriate • Check if notifications are read out • Check if elements can be clicked using D-pad, Trackball or a keypad • Check if all the content & functionality is identified by Talkback for users

21. Assistive Technology Products VisualImpairment HearingImpairment MobilityImpairment LearningImpairment Elderly Accessibility Services Accessible Web Development POURAccessibility Testing Design Review Template Review Component Test Product Accessibility Testing Task Oriented Testing AccessibleConversion Digital Talking Book PDF Conversion Let Technology be Inclusive! • Events and Initiatives

22. Where to Contact Me? email: priti.rohra@barrierbreak.com phone: +91-22-2686 0485/6 Connect with usat: barrierbreak