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Oils, Heavy Metals and other Chemicals enter waterways from a range of potential sources, including urban and agricultural runoff, industrial and mining operations, landfill leachate and transportation or industrial spills. The Chemicals enter the waterways can have a drastic impact on freshwater and marine ecosystems which is reducing growth and reproduction, to directly killing the environment and marine life. Effects of many toxic chemicals are increased by their ability to remain and build up in the environment over a long period of time. The results in this can be particularly destructive in wetlands and bays where flushing is limited. EFFECTS OF POLLUTION