Unit Ten

1. Unit Ten

2. Teaching Objectives • Enlarge vocabulary • Talk about personal experience • Learn to read for details • Learn to write about a person’s life

3. Sections Section A How to Cultivate “EQ” Section B EQ Plays a Role in Personal Success Section C The Major Qualities Making Up Emotions Intelligence

4. Section A How to Cultivate “EQ”

5. Table of Contents 1.Background Information 2.Warming-up Activities 3.Text Analysis 4.Vocabulary and Structure 5.Vocabulary Tests 6.Translation & Writing

6. Background Information EQ (1) The expression “emotional intelligence” is used to indicate a kind of intelligence that involves the ability to perceive, assess and positively influence one’s own and other people’s emotions.   Intelligence is the “ability to adapt effectively to the environment, either by making a change in oneself or by changing the environment or finding a new one”.

7. EQ (2) According tothis definition, being intelligent entails much more than having strong cognitive abilities—the kind of abilities that are typically measured by an intelligence test. 

8. Daniel Goleman A psychologist who for many years reported on the brain and behavioral sciences for The New York Times, Dr. Goleman previously was a visiting faculty member at Harvard.    Dr. Goleman’s 1995 book, Emotional Intelligence (Bantam Books), argues that human competencies like self-awareness, self-discipline, persistence and empathy are of greater consequence than IQ in much of life, that we ignore the decline in these competencies at our peril, and that children can—and should—be taught these abilities. 

9. IQ (1) IQ is an abbreviation for “intelligence quotient”, a measure of a person’s intellectual ability in relation to that of the rest of the population. It is expressed as the ratio of mental age to actual age, multiplied by 100, and is based on the scores achieved in an intelligence test. The two most important scales for measuring IQ are the Standford-Binet test and the Weschler test. The distribution of IQ scores is more-or-less Gaussian, that is to say it follows the bell curve. 

10. IQ (2) Modern ability tests produce scores for different areas (e.g. language fluency, three-dimensional thinking, etc.), with the summary score being the most meaningless. It is much more useful to know which are the strengths and weaknesses of a person than to know that he or she beats n percent of the populace in some “general intelligence” measure. Two persons with vastly different ability profiles may score the same IQ, but may exhibit different affinity to a given task, or may not be valued equally intelligent by other people. 

11. Warming-up Activities Comprehension of the Text 1.Why does the author believe that judgment rather than knowledge is the most important contribution employees make to their companies? 2. What stuff do intelligence but flexible people lack according to Daniel Goleman? 3. What should people do to raise their consciousness according to the author? 4. Why do Olympic ski racer close their eyes, sway their bodies and imagine themselves running course before entering the starting gate?

12. Referencefor Comprehension Questions 1. Because he believes that knowledge is useless until it is applied. And application of knowledge takes judgment. 2. The ability to adapt. 3. Thinking differently on purpose. It involves noticing what you are feeling and thinking and escaping the conditioned confines of one;s past. 4. Because by doing this they can improve their performance.

13. Text analysis Text main idea The new research shows that EQ may be crucial for business success. To cultivate our EQ, our effort should be aimed at improving four adaptive skills: raising consciousness; using imagery; considering and reconsidering events to choose the most creative response to them; and integrating the perspectives of others. As long as we keep at such effort, we can make it, for they are based on our knowledge about the mechanisms of the mind. In effect, without EQ, IQ alone is worth little.

14. Text Structure Part II Part III Part IV Part I Para1-3: EQ is the hot ticket for business success Para 4-8: A list of four adaptive skills to be trained Para 9-12: the mechanisms of the mind Para 13: conclusion

15. Main idea for Part I According to some new research, EQ, compared with IQ, renders businessmen more adaptable and more able to succeed. Under the changing pressure of the market, therefore, it is the hot ticket for business success.

16. Developing technique (1) General-specific (总分法) General statement: The most valuable contribution for employees to make is not knowledge but judgment, which involves something of a sixth sense, a high performance of the mind. • Specific details: • The book Emotional Intelligence says that the latest scientific findings prove that intelligent but inflexible people in our age don’t have the adaptive ability. • According to Time magazine, emotions may be the true measure of human intelligence.

17. Main idea for Part II Since EQ is the key to business success, four skills are listed for individuals to cultivate it.

18. Developing technique (2) Listing (列举法) 4. Integrating the perspectives of others. Learning to incorporate others’ useful perspectives is _______________________ ____________________. When some one interprets something differently, consider it __________________. nothing less than a form of enlarging your senses a gift of perception

19. Main idea for Part III It is possible to cultivate EQ through the improvement of four adaptive skills, because they are based on the mechanisms of the mind. So long as you have a discipline for practicing the skills, it is actually easier than overcoming a drug habit.

20. Developing technique (3) (Para. 10) The mind, we now know, is not confined to the brain but is distributed throughout the body’s universe of cells. (Para. 11) We are “biologically wired” with our own “world view”. Everyone sees the world in a unique way as their experience has molded their thinking. Explanation (解释法) (Para. 9) Keep at it, however, because they are based on what we’re learning about the mechanisms of the mind. (Para. 12) With a discipline, however, we can change our world view, thus improving our skills.

21. Main idea for Part IV Without EQ, academic training alone is worth less and less.

22. Developing technique (4) Metaphor(比喻法) In this small part, the notable feature is the use of metaphor: emotional maturity and self-knowledge being the software, and academic training the hardware.

23. Vocabulary and Structure words & phrases patterns • think of … as … • in the act of doing • such is…/ so is…. • cultivate • sort through • embrace • integrate • controversial • perception

24. 1.cultivate: 培养，种植 words & phrases 活学活用 他们培养勤奋学习的美德，宣扬竞争的好处和任何有能力和决心的学生都能取得成功的观念，并在考试中有效的追求成功。 They cultivate the virtues of hard work, celebrated the advantages of competition and the accessibility of success for any able and determined pupil, and efficiently pursued victory in the examination system.

25. 2.sort through: 整理 这些董事们正在会议室加班，整理30份申请经理职位的申请书。他们已经拟出一份四人名单，在今后两三天内将对这四个人进行面试。 活学活用 The director were working overtime in the boardroom, sorting through thirty applications for the manager’s job they’ve drawn up a short list of four men who are to be interviewed.

26. 3. embrace: 欢迎，包括 西欧主要国家大都已满腔热情的接受了高速铁路的概念。 活学活用 Most of the major European countries have embraced the concept of high speed rail network.

27. 4. integrate: 融合 另一个重要的品质是一方面能长期独立工作并不感到与人疏离，而另一方面又能够与团队融合。 活学活用 Another important attribute is the ability to work for long period almost independently and not feel alienated but, on the other hand, also be able to integrate with the team.

28. 5. controversial:有争议的 一些有争议的决定会使你失掉一些选票，而一项大胆的决定会使你输掉这次竞选。 活学活用 A controversial decision may cost you votes, but a courageous decision will lose you the election.

29. 7. perception: 洞察力 公司依赖于那些忠于总公司的经理们的洞察力。 活学活用 Companies rely on the perceptions of their mangers, with the loyalty to head office.

30. 1. Think of …as … 把…..看成. patterns 我把它看成故意异化思维。 活学活用 I think of this as thinking differently on purpose.

31. 2. in the act of doing: 正在做…… 她正在读我的信时被我发现了。 活学活用 I caught her in the act of reading my letters.

32. 3. such is…/ so is…:如此之…… 她的生意是如此成功，45岁就可以退休了。 活学活用 So successful was her business that she was able to retire at the age of 45.

33. Vocabulary Tests Test I Test II

34. Test I (1) Choose the best answer to each question. 1. The rising of prices will ____ off demands for pay increases. A) trail B) switch C) trigger D) nudge 2. One of the attractive features of the course was the way the practical work had been ____ with the theoretical aspects of the subject. A) involved B) integrated C) invested D) instructed

35. Test I (2) 3. Parents’ views influence their children’s ____ of the world. A) insights B) perceptions C) banners D) portraits 4. When construction can begin depends on how soon the ____ of the route is completed. A) conviction B) orientation C) convey D) identity

36. Test I (3) 5. The government ____ a heavy tax on tobacco, which aroused opposition from the tobacco industry. A) pronounced B) complied C) imposed D) prescribed 6. The post-World War II baby ____ resulted in a 43% increase in the number of teenagers in the 1960s and 1970s.A) boost B) productionC) boom D) prosperity

37. Test I (4) 7. Henry went through the documents again carefully for fear of ____ any important data.A) relaying C) deletingB) overlooking D) revealing 8. He completely ____ his family and makes all the decisions.A) presides C) operatesB) occupies D) dominates

38. Test I (5) 9. A dark suit is ____ to a light one for evening wear. A) proper    B) suitable C) favorable  D) preferable 10. Lightning is a ____ of electrical current from a cloud to the ground or from one cloud to another. A) rush  B) rainbow C) rack  D) ribbon

39. Test II (1) Fill in the blanks with the phrases or expressions given below. Change the form where necessary. aim at assign to confine to go with make contribution to reflect on keep from keep at pull away from 1. The two boys were fighting, when I rushed in to _____ them _____ each other. 2. Your first proposal was fine, but I can’t _____ you on this one, it’s much more expensive. 3. After _____ the problem, he decided not to go. 4. You should _____ what she tells you because she knows their strategy well. 5. I think he is _____ the extent of his illness _____ me.

40. Test II (2) aim at assign to confine to go with make contribution to reflect on keep from keep at pull away from 6. I _____ it and finally finished at three o’clock in the morning. 7. The report _____ the blame for the accident ______ inadequate safety regulations. 8. American economists have _____ important _____ the field of financial and corporate economics. 9. I do not like a job in which I am _____ doing only one thing. 10. You should always _____ doing your job well.

41. Key to Testing Keys to test I 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. A Keys to test II 1. pull away from 2. go with 3. reflecting on 4. take note of 5. keeping from 6. kept at 7. assigned to 8. made contribution to 9. confined to 10. aim at

42. Translation (1) 1. Every time something important happens, assign as many interpretations to it as possible, even crazy ones. Then go with the interpretation most supportive of your dreams. 看问题 有利于理想 每当发生重要事情时，要尽可能多方面地看问题，甚至作超乎寻常的理解，然后照着最有利于自己理想的那种理解去做。

43. Translation (2) 2. Learning to incorporate the useful perspectives of others is nothing less than a form of enlarging your sense. 等于是 吸纳 学会吸纳他人有用的观点就等于是一种扩大自己的见识的方式。

44. Translation (3) 3. The force of habit, literally the established wiring of your brain, will pull you away from practicing these skills. 已经建立的 妨碍 习惯的力量——严格说就是头脑里已建立的思维方式——会妨碍你操练这些技能。

45. Translation (4) 4. He says it it impossible for any two people to see the world exactly alike, so unique is the experience that molded the device with which they “know”. 完全一样 模具，养成 他说任何两个人都不可能对外界有完全一样的看法。个人的体验都是独一无二的，以至人们对外界的理解都不相同。

46. Writing 2005.1　四级考试作文及范文 A Campaign Speech 1. 你认为自己具备了什么条件（能力、性格、爱好等）可以胜任学生会主席的工作。 2.如果当选，你将为本校同学做些什么。

47. Sample Writing（1） A Campaign Speech Ladies and gentlemen, It is our common wish to elect a capable and trustworthy person to be chairman of the student union. I think I am the person you are looking for. I have all the qualities that are required for being chairman of the student union. To begin with, I am an honest person. An honest person is always true to his fellow students and can be depended on. Besides,

48. Sample Writing（2） I am kind and patient. No matter who you are, I will be kind to you. I will be very patient with my work. Finally, I have a great sense of responsibility. I will be responsible for my duty and see that every student is taken good care of. If I am elected, I will do my best to fulfill my duty. For example, I will investigate the present situation of the students and find out the difficulties they are faced with. I will persuade the school to improve the living and studying conditions of the students.Moreover,I will create as many job

49. Sample Writing（3） Opportunities as possible for those student who come from poor families. If those students are worried about their tuition and living experienced every day, how can they study well? School life should be colorful and enjoyable. Entertainment activities will be organized during the weekends. In short, what I gain is experience and what you get in return from is service. Believe me and vote for me. Thank you.

50. Section B The Political Career of a Female Politician