Value chain Analysis Irrigated Horticultural Crops and Fodder

1. Value chain Analysis Irrigated Horticultural Crops and Fodder Oromia Region Group Work

2. Group members 1. Ato Tadesse Kudhema 2. Ato Seyoum Etana 3. Dr. Amenu Oljira 4. Ato Awol Sultan 5. Ato Tesefaye Moreda 6. Dr. Bultuma Keno 7. Dr. Tilahun Geleto 13. Dr. Ephrem Tesema

3. Group members 8. Ato Edossa Etissa 9. Ato Abera Ketema 10. Ato Andarge Senbeta 11. Ato Nigatu Alemayehu 12. Dr. Abule Ebro 13. W/t Fanos Mekonen 14 Ato Bekele Nigirti

4. vegetables

5. Constituents/stages of the value chain 1.1. Input supply • Seed/ seedling materials (planting materials) • Agrochemicals(fertilizer, pesticides) • Water pump with accessories(motorized,mechanical) • other technologies(Drip ,sprinkler) • Traction power(oxen ,tractor) • Hand tools(Shovel, sickle, forks ,spade etc.) • Natural resources(water, land) • Packaging materials • Labour(skilled and unskilled)

6. Const. con… • Energy sources (fuel and lubricants, electric, solar)

7. Stages con… 1.2. Production • Management • Irrigation facility mgt • Nursery operations • agronomic practice • seed production • irrigation water management • Harvesting and post harvest activities • Product quality 1.3.storage 1.4. Suitable containers and transportation 1.5. Processing/Packing

8. Stages… 1.6. Marketing • Market information (marketing intelligence and middle men) • Selling price(farm gate and market price) • Market infrastructure and centres(location • Quality and standards

9. Functions

10. Services provided and service providers

11. Vision model of the value chain We aspire to see increased income and hence improved livelihood of subsistence farmers (both male & females) from irrigated vegetable production through effective and efficient irrigation water utilization and proper technology use with out depleting the existing natural resource basis within the next six years.

12. Sub visions model

13. Constraints Production • Knowledge Gap in disease and pest Identification • Pesticide and fertilizer application lacks Scientific background • Poor agronomic practice • Watering frequency and amount is not based on crop water requirement .

14. Constraint… • Up -Down Stream Issue( Watershed manag’mt) • Water Pump and accessories cost and taxation • Maintenance of pumps and canals • Salinity, Siltation and Conservation • Residual impact of Pesticides and fertilization • Infrastructure in the west( Road, institutions, • Collective Ownership • Resource Use and Human Factors( willingness, interest, motivation, behaviors, participation )

15. Constraint… Input Supply and Services • Assessment of varieties suitability to ecology • Hybreeds are used for subsequent production • No regulation on quality, expiry date, storage • Inputs provided by non-professionals and supply inconsistency • New varieties/technologies are not released frequently and multiplication is a problem

16. Constraint… Processing and Market • Limited Value addition through processing • 25-35% losses due to post harvest handling • Shortage of containers and transportation • Bruising and damage during picking, packing and transport • Price is not based on quality and grading • Few traders dominate the market • Limited market information and intelligence

17. Linkage • Linkage Between producers and technology generators is not strong. Only Model farmers • Linkage B/n consumers/supermarkets and producers/technology generators is weak. • Extension service providers linkage with technology generators is not strong • Unions, traders have weak linkage with other actors

18. Opportunities • Existence of market oriented agricultural policy(export promotion and import substitution ) • Increased demand for vegetable consumption due to population growth and incomes • Availability of resources(labor,land and water) • Favorable climate for growing vegetables

19. Required knowledge and capacities to realize the vision • Expertise in irrigation agriculture and technology • Food science and safety • Availability of credit institutions • Equipped farmers training centres • Effective support system from Gos and NGOs

20. Required Services • Effective and efficient support systems for resource poor farmers(men and women) making them access to water and land resources. • Concern for environmental sustainability, partnership among rural actors • Responsibility and commitment • Expansion of infrastructure • Natural resources endowment (Water, land, labor, climate and etc)

21. Required enabling environmental conditions to realize the vision • Environmental management through integrated water shed management approach so as secure continues irrigation water supply from the sources

22. Fruits

23. Constituents/stages of the value chain 1.1. Input supply • Seed/ seedling materials (planting materials) • Agrochemicals(fertilizer, pesticides) • Water pump with accessories(motorized,mechanical) • other technologies(Drip ,sprinkler) • Traction power(oxen ,tractor) • Hand tools(Shovel, sickle, forks ,spade etc.) • Natural resources(water, land) • Packaging materials • Labour(skilled and unskilled)

24. Const. con… • Energy sources (fuel and lubricants, electric, solar)

25. Stages con… 1.2. Production • Management • Irrigation facility mgt and water sources • Nursery operations • agronomic practice • seed production • irrigation water management • Harvesting and post harvest activities 1.3.storage 1.4. Suitable containers and transportation 1.5. Processing/Packing

26. Stages… 1.6. Marketing • Market information (marketing intelligence and middle men) • Selling price(farm gate and market price) • Market infrastructure and centers(location) • Quality and standards

27. Functions

28. Services provided and service providers

29. Vision model of the value chain We aspire to see increased income and hence improved livelihood of subsistence farmers (both male & females) from irrigated fruit production through effective and efficient irrigation water utilization and proper technology use with out depleting the existing natural resource basis within the next six years.

30. Sub visions model

31. Constraints Input supply • Shortage of Scions • Agro-chemicals are not available for fruits • Shortage of Sprayer • Seedlings distributed by MoA are from unknown source • Eg. Avocado Type A and B, Papaya male and female Production • Disease ( eg Citrus) • Farmers are not willing to plant Fruit( Long growth period )

32. Low volume of production and productivity • Knowledge gap in fruit management and nursery • Chat and coffee are replacing/competing • Agro-ecological suitability assessment • Some of traditionally Known fruits are under threat • Urban and rural backyard fruit growing changed to decoration Marketing and Processing • Poor packages and transportation • Poor Quality • Limited processing • Price is fixed by Traders

33. Opportunities • Existence of market oriented agricultural policy(export promotion and import substitution strategies) • Increased demand for fruit consumption due to population growth and incomes • Availability of resources(labor,land and water) • Favorable climate for growing fruits

34. Required knowledge and capacities to realize the vision • Expertise in irrigation agriculture and technology • Food science and safety • Availability of credit institutions • Equipped farmers training centres • Effective support system from Gos and NGOs

35. Required Services • Effective and efficient support systems for resource poor farmers(men and women) making them access to water and land resources. • Concern for environmental sustainability, partnership among rural actors • Responsibility and commitment • Expansion of infrastructure • Natural resources endowment (Water, land, labor, climate and etc)

36. Required enabling environmental conditions to realize the vision • Environmental management through integrated water shed management approach so as secure continues irrigation water supply from the sources

37. Fodder

38. Stages 1.1. Input supply • Seed/ seedling materials (planting materials) • Agrochemicals(fertilizer, pesticides) • Water pump with accessories(motorized,mechanical) • other technologies(Drip ,sprinkler) • Traction power(oxen ,tractor) • Hand tools(Shovel, sickle, forks ,spade etc.) • Natural resources(water, land) • Labour(skilled and unskilled)

39. Fodder con… • Energy sources (fuel and lubricants, electric, solar)

40. Fodder 1.2. Production • Management • Nursery operations • agronomic practice • seed production • irrigation water management • Harvesting and post harvest activities • Product quality 1.3.storage 1.4. Suitable containers and transportation 1.5. Processing/Packing

41. 1.6. Marketing Market information Selling price Market infrastructure Quality and standards

42. C. Fodder Functions of the chain actors at the different stages 2.1. Producers Small holder farmers Cooperatives Private 2.2. Input suppliers (supply of inputs) • Private • Unions • Research centers (Not continuous) • Universities (Not frequently) • NGOs (Not frequently) • Farmer to farmer

43. C. Fodder • Water, mineral and energy Bureau • Bureau of Agriculture 2.3. Processors • Private 2.4. Marketing • Unions • Smallholders • Private

44. Fodder III. the services provided and the services providers at each stage of the chain 3.1. Services provided (Gender balanced) • Pump rent and maintenance • Canal maintenance • Spraying • Extension service (field-day and advisory) • Credit service • Capacity building (education, short term training, tour, on job training )

45. Fodder 3.2. Service providers • Public • BOA • BWME • Oromia ARI • EIAR • Universities • Cooperative agency • Others • Cooperatives and Unions • Water users associations • Private sector • NGO

46. C. Fodder IV. vision/model of the value chain Vision: We envisage an increased income and improved livelihood of small scale farmers through effective and efficient irrigation water utilization and proper technology use for fodder production on sustainable natural resource basis.

48. C. Fodder • V. Identify constraints and opportunities and opportunities to realize the vision 5.1. Constraints • 5.1.1. Input • Shortage of improved forage seeds and planting materials • Shortage of agrochemicals

49. Opportunities • Existence of market oriented agricultural policy(export promotion and import substitution strategies) • Increased demand for livestock and livestock products consumption due to population growth and incomes(internal and foreign market) • Availability of resources(labor,land and water) • Favorable climate for growing feeds

50. Required knowledge and capacities to realize the vision • Expertise in irrigation agriculture and technology • Food science and safety • Availability of credit institutions • Equipped farmers training centres • Effective support system from Gos and NGOs