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Lower/Upper Bumper Reference Line

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF MOTOR VEHICLE MANUFACTURERS. Lower/Upper Bumper Reference Line. Data on existing vehicles. Lower Bumper Reference Line i s very close to the practical lower bumper height because of the absence of a skirt. Practical Upper Bumper Height. about 508mm. about 406mm.

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Lower/Upper Bumper Reference Line

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  1. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF MOTOR VEHICLE MANUFACTURERS Lower/Upper Bumper Reference Line Data on existing vehicles

  2. Lower Bumper Reference Line is very close to the practical lower bumper height because of the absence of a skirt Practical Upper Bumper Height about 508mm about 406mm 25º Lower Bumper Reference Line Approach Angle for SUV Typical Passenger Car Typical SUV Introduction Practical Lower Bumper Height Around 440 mm Around 240 mm

  3. SUV average:438mm Others:243mm

  4. Counter measures for Lower Leg Requirements Typical Current Passenger Car Improved car Largebendingangle Smallbendingangle Addskirt Practically 60mm Energy Absorbing bumper needed Typical SUV Large bending angle High bumper test requirement @ Max. Load 7.5KN @Max. Bending Moment 510Nm or Practically 120mm Energy Absorbing bumper needed Typical passenger cars can meet the angle requirement, because they can have lower load path at the skirt. However, SUV cannot have such lower load path and have difficulties to meet the angle requirement.

  5. Conclusions • SUV, because of their basic design, cannot include a lower load path for the lower leg test • SUV therefore need the option of the upper leg bumper test • Typical Lower Bumper Reference Line for SUV start at 340 mm up to 500 mm • In order to cover a representative portion of existing SUV’s, such option (lower or upper leg to bumper test) should therefore be possible for LBRL between around 400 and 500 mm

  6. LEGFORM IMPACT TEST & HIGH BUMPER IMPACT TEST Bending Angle Shear Displacement Load Acceleration BendingMoment

  7. Comparison of Both Tests Red = Over Blue = Meet High Bumper Test Results (Upper Leg Impactor) Close to 80% TRL Leg Form Impactor Test Results Counter measure for high bumper test could not largely reduce the bending angle, but reduce acceleration and shear displacement up to the required level by LFI test.

  8. Leg Injury Distribution JAPAN Fibula+ Ligament Laceration 2% Patella 2% Femur + Tibia 2% Ligament Laceration 2% Femur 5% Tibia 28% ・Tibia, Fibula, Tibia + Fibula 87% ・Femur ５% ・Femur + Tibia ２% ・Ligament Laceration, Ligament Laceration + Fibula 4 % Tibia+Fibula35% Bone name shows fracture Fibula 24% At least, tibia, fibula or femur fractures which share large part of AIS2+ leg injuries could be expected to be reduced by the high bumper test application. Distribution of AIS 2+ Leg Injuries by ITARDA report issued 2005 117 pedestrian accidents in 1993-2003, bonnet type passenger car

  9. Conclusions @ The lower leg to bumper test is not feasible for high bumper vehicles. @ High bumper vehicles need to have energy absorbing bumpers in order to meet the upper leg to bumper test. @ Energy absorbing bumpers will reduce real world leg injuries as also seen in the lower leg acceleration criterion. END

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