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Signal - representation with obvious meaning Sign - representation with suggested meaning

LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION Language, Thought, and Reality. Linguistics - The Science of Language. Language - “A system of communication using sounds or gestures that are put together in meaningful ways according to a set of rules “ (Haviland 2003:386).

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Signal - representation with obvious meaning Sign - representation with suggested meaning

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  1. LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATIONLanguage, Thought, and Reality Linguistics - The Science of Language Language - “A system of communication using sounds or gestures that are put together in meaningful ways according to a set of rules “ (Haviland 2003:386). Language - System of arbitrary vocal symbols by means of which human beings interact in terms of their culture. The 3 S’s of language: Sound, Shape, Sense. Signal - representation with obvious meaning Sign - representation with suggested meaning Symbol - representation with arbitrary meaning Sound - phonology, phonetics, phonemics (phoneme) Shape - morphology (morpheme), grammar, syntax

  2. Language, Thought, and Reality Sense - All languages are equal in that they serve the purposes of the people who use them. (Nuer have over 400 terms to describe cattle….We have many to refer to war.) Ethnolinguistics Linguistic relativity Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

  3. Extralinguistic systems In many other cultures, time is experienced polychronically rather than sequentially. Time in US is a sequence….a commodity to be spent, used, wasted…. The study of meanings, usage and communication of time. Chronemics Olfactics Concerned with systems of smell Communication through the skin….i.e. Touching by Ashley Montague Haptics Kinesics Bodily movement, facial expression, etc. Ray Birdwhistell is pioneer….Choreometrics is a subset…. Oculesics Communication involving the eyes Includes paralanguage… It’s not what you say, it’s the way you say it. Metalanguage/Vocalics Proxemics Communication by use of space…. Edward T. Hall’s work, for example

  4. Proxemics Intimate - 0 - 1.5 ft. Personal - 1.5 ft. - 3 ft. Social - represents social distance Public - similar to collective behavior

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