APUSH Content Review #4

1. APUSH Content Review #4 Civil War & Reconstruction Gilded Age, Populism, Overseas Expansion

2. Civil War & Reconstruction Review

3. At the outset, President Lincoln held that the Civil War was being fought to 0 • end all state sovereignty • carry out the goals of abolitionists • free the slaves • preserve the Union

4. The major Civil War battle in the West which split the Confederacy in half was 0 • the Battle of the Wilderness • Vicksburg • Gettysburg • Antietam

5. During the Civil War, the U.S. Congress 0 • could do little because of the absent southern representatives • neglected legislation not related to the war due to a lack of funds • played a major role in choosing generals to lead the Union forces • adopted a tariff, a homestead law, and a transcontinental railroad.

6. Suspension of the writ of habeas corpus for all people living between Washington and Philadelphia is evidence that 0 • local law enforcement collapsed in many northern states • Union generals often usurped presidential power • presidential power increased during the Civil War • Congressional power increased during the Civil War

7. The key event that guaranteed Lincoln's re-election in 1864 was the 0 • fall of Vicksburg to General Grant • capture of New Orleans by Admiral Farragut • defeat of Lee's army by General Meade at Gettysburg • fall of Atlanta to General Sherman

8. The Battle of Antietam was 0 • the bloodiest single day's fighting of the Civil War • a victory for General Lee's Army of Northern Virginia • a proof to Lincoln of the good leadership of General McClellan • The event that brought France into the war along side the Confederacy

9. What was Jefferson Davis' central problem during the Civil War? 0 • He did not get along with his generals • In a society that prized states' rights, Davis had to centralize authority • Davis was a grand strategist who did not focus on military details • Davis could not generate support for the war in the South

10. During the Civil War, the term "Copperhead" referred to: 0 • Northerners who supported slavery • Southerners who opposed the Confederacy • Southerners who called for the abolition of slavery • Northerners who opposed the war

11. The Battle of Gettysburg was significant because it: 0 • led to an immediate end to the war • opened an invasion route to the North • inflicted a major loss on General Lee's army • cut off supplies to Confederate states west of the Mississippi River

12. Whose reconstruction plan allowed former Confederates to gain power in the reconstructed southern governments? 0 • Ulysses S. Grant • Abraham Lincoln • Radical Republicans • Andrew Johnson

13. During Reconstruction, laws that kept freemen in an economically dependent and legally inferior status were called 0 • Jim Crow laws • black codes • poll taxes • grandfather clauses

14. In the presidential election of 1868, Ulysses S. Grant: 0 • transformed his personal popularity into a large majority in the popular vote • owed his victory to the votes of former slaves • gained his victory by winning the votes of the majority of whites • Became the first, and only, third-party candidate to win the presidency

15. In the years after the Civil War, most freedmen ended up working as 0 • farmers on land they owned • farmers under a sharecropper system • wage laborers in the new textile mills • itinerant day laborers in domestic and service jobs

16. Why did Republicans turn against President Johnson? 0 • He vetoed the Freedmen's Bureau bill and Civil Rights Act of 1866 • Discovery that Johnson was delaying re-admission of former Confederate states • His proposal for an agency that would provide relief for poor southerners • A desire to show Democrats that they could work together to rebuild the South

17. The purpose of the Freedman's Bureau was to 0 • gain the vote for all freed slaves • feed and educate the former slaves to help them adjust to freedom • provide 40 acres and a mule for each slave • get radical Republicans in positions of power in the South

18. The "Compromise of 1877" did which of the following? 0 • gained political rights for freedmen • granted political amnesty to former Confederate leaders • ended federal military support of Republican gov’ts in the South • restored the Southern states to the Union

19. the Constitution prohibited states from denying a citizen the right to vote based on race, color, or former slavery: 0 • 13th • 14th • 15th • 16th

22. Emancipation in 1863 In 1863, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation which freed the slaves in the South; this made the Civil War about slavery

24. Created 5 military districts to enforce acts Created 5 military districts to enforce Reconstruction But, Radical Reconstruction was not adequate to enforce equality in the South

25. Gilded Age Review

26. U.S. policy towards Indians changed with the Dawes Act 1887 because this act 0 • treated the tribes as independent nations • wiped out tribal ownership of property and granted 160 acres to heads of families • established new and larger reservations for all tribes • forbade selling alcohol or guns on reservations

27. The historian Frederick Jackson Turner argued that the frontier shaped America by 0 • killing off many of the most adventurous individuals • stimulating individualism, nationalism, and democracy • producing governments very much like those of Europe • creating new opportunities for women

28. The outlawing of the Indian Sun (Ghost) Dance in 1890 resulted in the 0 • Battle of Little Big Horn • Battle of Potowanamie Creek • Massacre at Sand Creek. • Battle of Wounded Knee.

29. The two factors that did most to stimulate rapid western settlement were 0 • the gold rush and cattle economy • the Homestead Act and the railroad • removal of the buffalo and Native Americans from the plains • the removal of the Indians and the gold rush

30. Open-range ranching came to an end due to 0 • overproduction of beef and declining prices • federal support for irrigated agriculture • the range wars between cattlemen and sheepherders • fencing of the plains with barbed wire

31. Which of the following was NOT a goal of the Populist party? 0 • government regulation of railroads • increasing the money supply by coining silver • defeating the Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890 • direct election of U. S. senators

32. Supporters of the Populist Party included all of the following groups EXCEPT: 0 • mid-western family farmers • southern tenant farmers • western miners • eastern labor union members

33. One of the most significant aspects of the Interstate Commerce Act was that it 0 • revolutionized the business system • failed to end the worst abuses of big business, such as pools & rebates • actually did nothing to control the abuses of big business • represented the first attempt by the federal gov’t to regulate business

34. In its approach to union organization, the Knights of Labor officially: 0 • organized workers by their skilled craft • welcomed both skilled & unskilled workers • encouraged the use of the strike • discriminated against blacks & women

35. The "Gospel of Wealth," as advanced by Andrew Carnegie, promoted the concept that people with wealth should: 0 • give aid directly to the poor • devote time to the public welfare • donate the bulk of their wealth to religious institutions • use their resources to help society

36. Which of the following best accounts for the success of Standard Oil: 0 • interlocking directorate • trust • vertical integration • horizontal integration

37. The first "big business" in America, at least in terms of finance, labor relations, and management, was 0 • the oil refining industry • the textile industry • the steel industry • the railroad industry

38. The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 and the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890 had in common the fact that they: 10 • convinced the Populists that they had achieved their goals • were strengthened by the Supreme Court in the years after they were passed • ended the Republican domination of the U. S. Senate • were intended to do away with the spoils system in politics

39. In 1890, Jacob Riis vividly portrayed life in an American urban slum in: 0 • The Jungle • Ragged John • How the Other Half Lives • Maggie, Girl of the Streets

40. Which population trend occurred in the U.S. from 1860 to 1920? 0 • decline in the number of Eastern & Southern European immigrants • shift of the majority of the urban population from city to suburbs • significant shift of the population from the North to the South • growth in the cities & decline in rural areas of America

41. Which group would have been most likely to support Tammany Hall? 0 • industrial and business leaders • poor urban immigrants • middle-class shop owners • wealthy rural landowners

42. Jane Addams is most associated with: 0 • temperance reform • the settlement house movement • higher education for women • women's suffrage

43. Europeans who came to the U.S. after 1880 were called "new" immigrants because they 10 • were considered physically superior workers to earlier immigrants • arrived before the closing of the frontier & settled farms in the West • came chiefly from northern and western Europe • came generally from different countries than most earlier immigrants

44. The major point of difference between Booker T. Washington & W. E. B. Du Bois was over their view of: 0 • the need for education • the need for immediate equality for blacks • aiding efforts for independence in Africa • using white assistance to help blacks

45. The Supreme Court decision in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson upheld which principle? 0 • "Clear and present danger“ • "With all deliberate speed“ • "Separate but equal“ • "Without redeeming social value"

46. By the end of his presidency, Ulysses S. Grant's popularity had declined substantially because of 10 • the corruption in his administration • his brutal policies toward the South • his support for "greenback" monetary policies • his refusal to support the Radical Republicans in Congress

47. Why did President Cleveland intervene with troops in the Pullman Strike of 1894? 0 • the governor of Illinois requested federal troops be sent • the strike endangered the national health and safety • the strike interfered with the U.S. mail and interstate trade • federal property was being destroyed

48. “If the gold delegates dare to defend the gold standard as a good thing, we will fight them to the uppermost.” William Jennings Bryan's famous "Cross of Gold" speech called for?: • the unlimited coinage of silver • lower tariffs • greenback paper currency • renewed religious commitment for all Americans

49. USA in the Gilded Age: 1870-1920 Industrialization Ranching, Mining, Farming Reconstruction

50. America in the Gilded Age: 1865-1918 The South: Still recovering from the Civil War but no longer forced to “reconstruct”