1 / 13

WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE

WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE. Lecture for MBBS by: Dr. ANITHA. Water distribution in the body. Total body water is 60% of body weight Intracellular fluid Extracellular fluid (40% of body weight) (20% of body weight) Intravascular fluid Extravascular fluid

doss
Download Presentation

WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. WATER AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE Lecture for MBBS by: Dr. ANITHA

  2. Water distribution in the body Total body water is 60% of body weight Intracellular fluidExtracellular fluid (40% of body weight) (20% of body weight) Intravascular fluidExtravascular fluid (4% of body weight) (16% body weight)

  3. Water balance: Water output/day It refers to maintenance of water content of the body by balancing the water intake and water output. Water intake/day about 2000 to 2900 ml/ day about 2000 to 2900 ml/ day 02/49

  4. Regulation of water balance: 02/49

  5. Dehydration It is a condition characterized by excessive loss of body water. Causes of dehydration Complications of dehydration reduced water intake for prolonged period diarrhea, vomiting, excessive sweating, burns kidney diseases ADH deficiency (diabetes insipidus) Decreased ECF volume, increased electrolyte concentration Decreased plasma volume, reduced cardiac output, circulatory failure Decrease of more than 15-25% of body water is invariably fatal.

  6. Electrolytes • Electrolytes are inorganic substances that can readily dissociate and exist as charged particles/ ions in solution. Types: • 1. Cations(Positively charged ions) • 2. Anions (Negatively charged ions)

  7. Major Electrolytes of ECF and ICF

  8. Osmolarity • It is the concentration of osmotically active solutes expressed as osmoles of solutes per litre solution (osmol/L or Osm/L). • It is a measure of the body's electrolyte-water balance. • The normal plasma osmolarity is 280-296 mOsmol/L (Note: Osmolality is an expression of solute concentration as osmol / kg solution.)

  9. Regulation of electrolyte balance: 02/49

  10. 3. Renin-angiotensin system Angiotensinogen (Liver) Renin (Kidney) Angiotensin I Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) (Lung)Angiotensin II + + Aldosterone secretion Na+  and (Adrenal cortex) water retention, K+ excretion ECF, BP

  11. Normal plasma electrolyte levels Na+ : 136 - 145 mEq/L K+ : 3.5 - 5 mEq/L HCO3- :22 - 26 mEq/L Cl- : 96 - 106 mEq/L

  12. Clinical significance of electrolytes

  13. You have successfully completed learning the topic: Water, Electrolyte Balance

More Related