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Maximizing Efficiency with Financial Technology Solutions

Explore the benefits of financial technology solutions in maximizing efficiency for businesses and institutions. Discover how technologies like artificial intelligence, machine learning, and distributed ledger technology can revolutionize the financial industry.

dorothyrlopez
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Maximizing Efficiency with Financial Technology Solutions

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  1. g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]usf] jt{dfg cj:yf, ;Defjgf / r'gf}tL k|:t'tstf{M 8f=l8NnL/fdkf]v|]n 8f=6fkk|;fbsf]O/fnf g]kfn /fi6« a}+s cg';Gwfg ljefu cfly{s ljZn]if0f zfvf @)&% ebf} @%

  2. प्रस्तुतिको रूपरेखा • cWoogsf] k[i7e"ld, p2]Zo Pjd\ glthf -;f/f+z_ • ljQLo k|ljlwsf] kl/ro • ljZjdf ljQLo k|ljlwsf] ljsf;qmd • g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlwsf] ljsf; • g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlwsf] l:ylt, ;Defjgf / r'gf}tLM :ynut ;j]{If0fsf] glthf • g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlw ljsf;sf] ;Defjgf • ;'emfjx?

  3. cWoogsf] k[i7e"ld, p2]Zotyfglthf -;f/f+z_ k[i7e"ld • ljQLo ;]jf k|jfxdf k|of]u x'g] k|ljlw . • ljQLo k|ljlwsf] a9\bf] k|of]un] cj;/sf ;fy} r'gf}tL ;d]t ;[hgf u/]sf] . cj;/M ;do, nfut, u'0f:t/,== Rf'gf}tLM ckrng, ;"rgf r'xfj6, Cyber risks, Third-party Operational risks, Regulatory and supervisory perimeter, Cross border issues, Macro-financial risks,.. • ljZjJofkL ?kdf ljQLo k|ljlwsf] ljsf;nfO{ k5\ofpFb} g]kfndf klg o;sf] k|of]u a9\b} uPsf] .

  4. cWoogsf] k[i7e"ld, p2]Zotyfglthf -;f/f+z_ k[i7e"ld • lgofds lgsfox? cBfjlws x''g'kg]{ tyf gLltut Joj:yfx?df ;d]t ;do;fk]If kl/dfh{g ub}{ hfg'kg]{ cfjZostf b]lvPsf] . • g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]usf] cj:yfsf af/]df kof{Kt cWoog ePsf] gkfOPsf] . • pko'{Qm k[i7e"lddf, g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]usf] cj:yf, ;Defjgf / r'gf}tL klxrfg u/L cfjZos gLltut Joj:yf ug{ cfjZos b]lvPsf] . • yk cg';Gwfgsf nflu cfwf/ x'g] .

  5. cWoogsf] k[i7e"ld, p2]Zo tyf glthf -;f/f+z_=== p2]Zo • ljZj ahf/ / g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]usf] ljsf;qmd ;dLIff ug]{ . • g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]usf] ;Defjgf / r'gf}tLx? klxrfg ug]{ . • ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]unfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ ;'emfj lbg] . cWoog ljlw • k|fylds / låtLo tYofÍ ;|f]t • gd"gfM @* jfl0fHo a}+s ;lxt sf7df08f}l:yt %@ j6f a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? • cfly{s jif{ @)&$÷&% sf] bf];|f] qodf;df k|ZgfjnLdf cfwfl/t :ynut ;j]{If0f ul/Psf] . ;Ldf • :ynut ;j]{If0fdf ljQLo k|ljlwsf clGtd k|of]ustf{x?nfO{ ;dfj]z gul/Psf] .

  6. cWoogsf] k[i7e"ld, p2]Zo tyf glthf -;f/f+z_=== k|d'v glthf -:ynut ;j]{If0faf6 k|fKt tYofÍsf cfwf/df_ • kl5Nnf] ;dodf g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlwsf] k|of]u tyf o;;Fu ;DalGwt sf/f]af/ /sddf j[l4 x'Fb} uPsf] . o;df jfl0fHo a}+ssf] lx:;f pNn]Vo /x]sf] . • ljQLo k|ljlwdf nufgL a9\b} uPsf] tyf k|ljlwsf] pkof]uaf6 k|fKt cfDbfgLn] To;sf] ;+rfng tyf ;'/Iff vr{ wfGg ;Sg] cj:yf /x]sf] . • a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]usf] lj:tf/sf nflu cfjZos /0fgLlt th'{df u/]sf . o;af6 efjL ;Defjgf /fd|f] b]lvPsf] . • k|ljlwd}qL o'jf hgzlQmsf] a9\bf] cle?rL, ljQLo kx'Fr lj:tf/ cleofg, ;/sf/L tyf lgofds lgsfox?sf] gLlt, pBdzLntf Pjd\ gjk|jt{g nufotsf sf/0f g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlw lj:tf/sf] /fd|f] ;Defjgf b]lvPsf] . • k|ljlw k|of]udf sf8{ ckrng, /sd gf]S;fgL, ;"rgf r'xfj6, k|ljlw ;''/Iff nufotsf r'gf}tLx? k|d'v /x]sf] .

  7. ljQLo k|ljlwsf] kl/ro

  8. != ljQLo k|ljlw • æljQLoÆ / æk|ljlwÆM ljQLo ;]jf k|bfgdf k|ljlw gjk|jt{g (Innovation)sf] k|of]u . • ljQLo ultljlwdf ;'wf/ Nofpg cfj4 k|ljlwo'Qm sDkgL÷kmd{x? ldn]/ ag]sf] gofF pBf]u (Patrick, 2016) . • ljQLo k|ljlw pBf]uM -!_ ljQLo ;+:yf -@_ ;"rgf tyf k|ljlw sDkgL / -#_ Startups x'g] . • ljQLo k|ljlwsf] dxTjM • ljQLo If]qdf bIftf (Efficiency) clej[l4 . • k/Dk/fut ljQLo ;]jfsf ljlw;Fu k|lt:kwf{ . • nlIft / ;'b[9 ;]jf÷k|f]8S6 pknAw . • ljQLo kx'Fr clej[l4 . • ljQLo k|ljlw pBf]udf Technology Innovation sf] k|of]u a9\bf] /x]sf] .

  9. @= ljQLo k|ljlw gj–k|jt{gM • Artificial Intelligence (AI):sDKo"6/ k|f]u|fd (Algorithms) sf dfWodaf6 jf]nL klxrfg, b[Zo wf/0ff, efiff cg'jfb, ;d:of ;dfwfg u/L sf/f]af/ k|df0fLs/0f tyf nufgL ;Nnfx (Robo-advisor_ lbg] h:t}MRobort Sofia • Machine Learning (ML): Statistical Technique n] tYof+s k|of]u u/L 9f+rf klxrfg . • Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT): w]/} kIf (Nods) x?sf];xdltdf sf/f]af/ ;Dkfbg ug]{ 8f6fj]; (i.e.P2P, dWo:ytf ljgf_ . • DLT df cfwfl/t gjk|jt{gM Virtual Currency, Cryptocurrency, e.g.Bitcoin. Blockchain: Bitcoin'ssf] sf/f]af/ ;'/lIft agfpg] . • Smart Contract: lglZrt cj:yf k''/f ePdf (conditions are met) :jrflnt ?kdf :jo+ sfof{Gjog x'g] . • Mobile Phone and the Internet:zL3| / kf/bzL{ e'QmfgL / km5{\of}6 df]jfO{n a}+ls+u .

  10. #= ljQLo k|ljlw pBf]usf] juLs/0f -;]jfsf cfwf/df_

  11. ljQ Joj:yfkg (Finance): Crowdfundingof]ubfgstf{ (Crowd) af6;|f]t kl/rfng u/L Joj;fo÷JolQmnfO{ ljQLo ;|f]t pknAw u/fpg] ljQLo dWo:ystf{ . • ;DklQ Joj:yfkgM nufgLstf{sf] hf]lvd jxg ug{ PNuf]l/bddf cfwfl/t nufgL ;Nnfx÷lg0f{o lbg], Robo-advisor . • e'QmfgL tyf km5{\of}6:l8lh6n d'b|f, df]jfO{n tyf OG6/g]6sf] dfWodaf6 :jb]zL tyf cGt/f{li6«o e'QmfgL, Fiat Money sf] ljsNkdf a}+ssf] dWo:ytf ljgf Virtual currencies . Cryptocurrency (e.g. bitcoin). e'QmfgLsf nflu df]jfO{n / OG6/g]6sf] k|of]u . • cGo ljQLo k|ljlw ;]jfM jLdf ;]jf, ljQLo ;]jf k|bfos ;+:yfnfO{ k|ljlw ;f]n'zg k|bfos .

  12. $= ljQLo k|ljlw kl/l:yltsL k|0ffnL (FinTech Ecosystem) ;/sf/ / lgofds lgsfo nufgLstf{ ljZjljBfno / cg';Gwfg s]Gb| a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? FinTech Solution ljQLo k|ljlw kmd{÷sDkgL (Start-Ups) Incubators, Accelerators, Innovation labs ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]ustf{ k|ljlw e]08/

  13. ljZjdf ljQLo k|ljlwsf] ljsf;qmd

  14. != ljQLo k|ljlwsf] ljsf;qmdsf tLg r/0fx?M (Arner et.al, 2015) • lkmg6]s !M ;g\ !*^^–!(^& MAnalogue k|ljlwsf] o'u Transatlantic Cable (1866) sf] ljsf; ;lxt ljQLo e"d08nLs/0f (Financial Globalization) nfO{ hf]8 . • lkmg6]s @M ;g\ !(^&–@))* M Analogue k|ljlwnfO{ Digitalk|ljlwn] lj:yfkg, P=l6=Pd= / 6]n]S; d]l;gsf] ljsf; . • lkmg6]s # / #=%M ;g\ @))*–clxn];Dd M • lkmg6]s # ;g\ @))* sf] ljZjJofkL ljQLo ;+s6;Fu} ljsl;t b]zn] ljQLo k|ljlw kmd{x? (Start-ups) :yfkgf -lkmg6]s #_ sf] o'u . • lkmg6]s #=%MPl;of / clk|msL nufot ljsf;zLn b]zx?df df]jfO{n ;+rf/sf] ljsf;;Fu} lkmg6]s #=% sf] o'u .

  15. @= ljZjsf ljQLo k|ljlw sDkgL / >]0fL(Arner, 2015)

  16. #= ef/tsf] ljQLo k|ljlw ahf/ -Punater & Shankar, 2016) • l8lh6n e'QmfgL / df]jfO{n jfn]6df s]Gb|Lt . • 7"nf ljQLo k|ljlw sDkgLx? PayTM, FINO, PayTech,cdf}lb|sLs/0fsf] gLlt sfof{Gjogdf ;+nUg . • ;/sf/sf] hgwg of]hgf, cfwf/ tyf df]jfO{n sg]lS6le6L (JAM trinity) / Start-up India . • Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI): s/ 5'6 nufot k"FhL ahf/df ;"rLs/0f ug{ ;xhtf . • RBI af6 e'QmfgL k|0ffnL gjk|j4{g k'/:sf/sf] :yfkgf . • e'QmfgL a}+ssf nflu cg'dltkq tyf P2P lgb]{lzsf hf/L . • SEBI af6 Crowdfunding sf nflu lgodg hf/L .

  17. $= rLgsf] ljQLo k|ljlw ahf/ • a}+s tyf ljQLo If]qsf] ljsf; dWod /x]sf] . • O{–sdz{df cfsif{0f a9\b} uPsf] . • ljQLo k|ljlw nufgLsf lx;fjn] ljZjsf] ln8/ aGb} uPsf] . • ljZjsf pRr !) dWo] % j6f ljQLo k|ljlw sDkgL rLgdf /x]sf] . • ;g\ @)!^ df o'=P;=8n/ ** nfv nufgL ePsf] (Mittal and Lloyd, 2016). • BAT (Baidu, Alibaba, and Tencent) h:tf 7"nf ljQLo k|ljlw sDkgLx?n] gjkjt{g ;lxt ljleGg ;~hfn (Platform)tof/ u/]sf . • efjL /0fgLltM AI, Blockchain, Robotic Processing Automation (RPA) nufotsf ljQLo k|ljlw gjkjt{gsf] ljsf; .

  18. #= ljQLo k|ljlwdf nufgLM ljZjdf ;g\ @)!) df USD ( ca{af6 a9]/ ;g\ @)!^ df USD @% ca{ k'u]sf] 5 (Dong, 2017) . ^ jif{df s/Lj # u'0ffn] j[l4 . $=k|ljlw pkef]QmfMrLgaf6 x'g] EY FinTech Adoption Index, 2017 cg';f/ljZjdf tLgdWo] Ps hgf pkef]Qmf Digitally Active Consumer/x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . ;f] cWoogsf] ;g\ @)!% ;+:s/0fn] ;ft dWo] Ps /x]sf] b]vfPsf] lyof] . %=FinTech RegulationM • ljQLo k|ljlwaf6 x'g] sf/f]af/ tyf ;'/Iffdf r'gf}tL . • ljQLo :yfloTj / k|lt:kwf{ / ;j{;fwf/0fsf] ljZj;lgotfdf r'gf}tL • Financial Stability Board (FSB)n] ljQLo k|ljlw gjk|jt{gn] efjL r'gf}ltnfO{ dWogh/ u/L ;'kl/j]IfsLo 9f+rfdf o;nfO{ ;d]6g' kg]{ cf}NofPsf] (FSB, 2017).

  19. ljQLo k|ljlw lgodgsf @ cjwf/0ffM • Principle Based Regulation: nlrnf] cg'kfng÷kl/kfng Joj:yf, lgodgsf] efjnfO{ hf]8, sd lgodg nfut -k|f/lDes r/0fsf pBf]u_, k|'8]lG;on lgodg / pkef]Qmf ;+/If0fdf hf]8, -ci6«]lnof, xªsª_ . • Rule/Product Based Regulation: lgoddf hf]8, Box Ticking,a9L lgodg nfut -Growth Industryr/0fsf pBf]u_, k|j]z lgif]w ug]{ gLlt -cd]l/sf, rLg_ . k|ltlqmofzfnL (Reactive) / ;lqmo (Pro-active) lgodg • Re-active; ljQLo ;+s6 cfpg glbg . • Pro-active; k|ljlw gjk|jt{gnfO{ clek|]l/t ug{ . cy{tGqdf ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]un] kfg]{ k|efj ljZn]if0fsf nflu Wait and See sf] gLlt . lgodg ultzLn x'g kg]{M Retrospective vs. forward looking

  20. ^= RegTech • a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lgodg tyf ;'k/Lj]If0fdf k|of]u x'g] k|ljlw RegTech xf] . • RegTech k|of]u cg'kfng cfjZostf, Joj:yfkg / lgoGq0f, hf]lvd Joj:yfkg, lgodgsf/L l/kf]l6Ë, sf/f]af/ lgu/fgLdf x'g] . • cfjZostf cg';f/ RemTech, AgeTech, ...... Tech sf] ljsf; . &=Regulatory Sandboxes (RSB) • gjkj{tg kmd{sf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ug{ lgofds lgsfon] ljBdfg k|0ffnLnfO{ oyfjt /fvL cjnDag ug]{ lgofdg 9fFrf . • ;g\ @)!& sf] cGTo;Dd ljleGg df]8ndf RSB sfof{Gjog Nofpg] d'n'sx? ef/t nufot @* b]z (Jenik and Lauer, 2017).

  21. Regulatory Sandboxes sf] 9fFrf(Jenik and Lauer, 2017) • ;]08jS;sf] p2]Zo • lgj]bgsf nflu of]Uotf • hf]lvd, ;'/Iff / cGo k|ltjGw ;DaGwL dfkb08 • cfj]bg tyf k/LIf0f ;do lgwf{/0f • lgofds lgsfo / ;]08jS; kmd{sf] nfut • ;]08jS; k/LIffsf qmddf lgofds lgsfosf] bfloTj

  22. g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlwsf] ljsf;

  23. != g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlwsf] ljsf; • g]kfnn] ;g\ !(*) sf] bzsb]lv cfly{s pbf/Ls/0fsf] gLlt cjnDag u/];Fu} ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]usf] z'?jft ePsf] . • g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ;fwf/0fto e'QmfgL k|0ffnLnfO{ ;xh agfpgdf s]Gb|Lt /x]sf] . • "The State of FinTech in Nepal (Kong, 2016)"n] g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlw sDkgLx? Vff;u/L lgDg # If]qdf s]Gb|Lt /x]sf] hgfPsf] . -!_ ljk|]if0f ;]jf, -@_ Banking Platform-#_ df]jfO{n kmf]gdf cfwfl/t ;]jf . • ljQLo k|ljlwsf] ljsf;nfO{ o;sf] dfu tyf cfk"lt{ kIfaf6 ljZn]if0f ug{ pko'Qm x'g] .

  24. @= ljQLo k|ljlwsf] cfk"lt{ kIfM • ljQLo k|ljlw gjk|jt{gdf sdhf]/ d'n's g]kfnn] cGt/f{li6«o Voflt k|fKt d"nFinTechsDkgLx?af6 APIs, Loan Platform, Money Transfer, Cryptocurrerncy ;xfos sDkgLx?nfO{ cfk"lt{ . • ljQLo k|ljlwx? ;xfos sDkgLdfkm{t\ :jb]zsf a}+ls+u Kn]6kmd{df hf]l8g] .

  25. #= ljQLo k|ljlw ljsf;stf{÷cfk"lt{stf{ • :df6{ rf]O; 6]Sgf]nf]hL (SCT)sDkgLn] ;g\ @))! b]lv g]kfndf klxnf]k6s ATM g]6js{ ;~rfng u/]kZrft\ qmlds ?kdf VISA, MasterCard, AMEX, UnionPay k|of]udf cfPsf . • F1Soft International Pvt.Ltd.: Ps ;km\6j]o/ sDkgL] -cgnfO{g e'QmfgL u]6j], df]jfO{n a}ls+u ;]jf, OG6/g]6 a}ls+u ;]jf, sf8{ Joj:yfkg k2lt, l8lh6n jfn]6 ;]jf_ • Neema: df:6/ sf8{sf] ;xsfo{df /]ld6\ofG; ;]jf k|jfx • EkoM ef/tLo sDkgL, g]kfnsf] Prabhu Group sf] ;xsfo{df ef/taf6 ljk|]if0f cfk|jfx • Nepal Finsoft -n3'ljQ / ;xsf/Lsf] ;xsfo{df Core Banking / MIS sf] ;]jf k|jfx ug]{

  26. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 B2B Model df ljQLo ;]jf k|jfx . • g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 :jLs[lt e'QmfgL k|bfos ;+:yfx?M (1) e-Sewa, (2) IME Degital, (3) Prabhu / (4) Nepal Clearing House (5) Mercantile n] B2C Model df ljQLo ;]jf k|bfg . • Ph]G6dfkm{t\ ;]jfu|fxLnfO{ btf{ ug]{, df]jfO{naf6 e'QmfgL, ljn e'QmfgL, /sd 6«fG;km/, lzIf0f z'Ns e'QmfgLsf sfo{ . • Nepal Clearing House Limited-NCHL: sDkgLn] ECC / IPS dfkm{t\ lx;fa ldnfg (Settlement) sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] . • l8lh6n jfn]6M jf:tljs jfn]6nfO{ lj:tflkt, e08f/0f ePsf] /sdaf6 ;fdfg vl/b÷laqmL ug{ ;lsg]M Google, Amazon, PayPal

  27. %= ljQLo k|ljlwsf] dfu kIf pkef]QmfMljQLo k|ljlw k|of]usf] dfu gub lemSg], Utility Bill Payment,j:t' tyf ;]jf vl/b ug]{, Online Transaction,e-Commerce, Jofn]G; r]s ug]{, :6]6d]06 k|fKt ug]{, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 ;"rgf tyf hfgsf/L k|fKt ug]{, vftfdf /sd 6«fG;km/ ug]{, P;=Pd=P;=;Gb]z tyf Alert k|fKt ug]{ .

  28. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfM Core Operating System;+rfng ug{ . l8lh6n a}ls+u ;]jfx? -ATM, Debit/Credit Card, df]jfO{n tyf OG6/g]6 a}+ls+u,ABBS, POS, zfvf /lxt a}ls+u_ ;~rfng ug{ . l8lh6n jfn]6 nufot ljljw hfgsf/L k|fKt ug{ . ;/sf/M ljB'tLo e'QmfgLdfkm{t\ /fhZj ;+sng ug{, RTGS, ;/sf/L vr{nfO{ kf/bzL{ agfpg . Joj;foMljQLo ;|f]t h'6fpg, gfkmf tyf j[l4 ;'lglZrt ug{ ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]u ug{ .

  29. $= ljQLo k|ljlw / ljQLo kx'Fr -cGt/b]zLo t'ngf_ g]kfn sd P=l6=Pd= d]lzg x'g] d'n's -a+unfb]zeGbf a9L_ l5d]sL d'n's rLgdf hg;+Vofsf] t'ngfdf a}ls+u zfvf sd /x]sf] . df]jfO{n kmf]gsf] cfwf/df g]kfn yfO{Nof08 kl5sf] cu|:yfgdf .

  30. %= ljQLo k|ljlw / ljQLo kx'Fr ljut % jif{otf ljQLo k|ljlw ;]jf÷pks/0f k|of]u qmlds ?kn] a9\b} uPsf] .

  31. ^= ljQLo k|ljlwsf] k|j4{gsf nflu gLlt÷sfo{qmd, lgodg÷;'kl/j]If0f rf}wf} of]hgf -@)&#÷&$–@)&%÷&^_M • pRr cfly{s j[l4 / ;dli6ut cfly{s :yfloTjsf nflu ;"rgf tyf k|ljlwsf] e"ldsfnfO{ pRr dxTj lbOPsf] . cf=a= @)&$÷&% sf] ah]6 jQmJoM • a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ OG6/g]6, df]jfO{n tyf zfvf /lxt a}ls+usf] k|of]u a9fpg k|f]T;fxg ug]{ . • O–k]d]G6sf] dfWodaf6 /fhZj ;+sngnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ . • cGt/f{li6«o sf/f]af/sf nflu O–u]6j] k|fKt u/L O–k]d]06af6 ug]{ gLlt cjnDag ug]{ . • df]jfO{n a}lsË, OG6/g]6 a}lsË, zfvf/lxt a}lsË ;]jf lj:tf/ ug]{ .

  32. cf=j= @)&$÷&% sf] df}lb|s gLltM ljQLo kx'Fr lj:tf/ ug{ / e'QmfgL k|0ffnLnfO{ ;'/lIft agfpg FinTech sf] k|of]unfO{ a9fjf lbg]] . FinTechsf] cg'udg ug{ RegTech;+oGqsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ . ljBdfg e'QmfgL k|0ffnLnfO{ cfw'lgsLs/0f ug{ RTGStyf /fli6«o e'QmfgL :jLr÷åf/ h:tf ;+:yfut k'jf{wf/ tof/ ug]{ . cGo gLltut Joj:yf NRB sf] Third Strategic Plan -@)!&–@!_ df ;"rgf tyf k|ljlwnfO{ Supportive Pillar sf] ?kdf c+lusf/ ul/Psf] . cGt/b]zLo sf/f]af/ / :jrflnt pks/0fsf] ljsf;;Fu} a}+ssf] ;"rgf tyf k|ljlw k|0ffnLnfO{ cWofjlws ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf dx;'; ul/Psf] .

  33. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;"rgf k|ljlw ;an agfpg ;"rgf tyf k|ljlw lgb]{lzsf, @)^* hf/L ePsf] . ljQLo kx'Fr a9fpg zfvf/lxt a}ls+u ;]jfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOPsf] . lj=;+= @)&$ c;f/ d;fGt;Dd Point of Transaction(POT) dfkm{t\ !% jfl0fHo a}+ssf *!@ s]Gb|af6 zfvf/lxt a}ls+u ;]jf k|bfg x'Fb} cfPsf] . UN Capital Development Fund af6 hf/L MM4Psfo{qmdsf nflu gofF Reporting Formattof/ ug]{ sfo{ ePsf] .

  34. g]kfndf ljQLo k|ljlwsf] cj:yf, ;Defjgf / r'gf}tL :ynut ;j]{If0fsf] glthf

  35. ljQLo k|ljlwsf] cj:yf

  36. ljQLo k|ljlw ;]jf k|of]usf] cj:yf tyf cf/De != d'Vo sfo{ ;+rfng k|0ffnL (Core Operating System-COS)

  37. @= ljQLo k|ljlw ;]jf k|of]usf] cf/De • ljQLo k|ljlwsf] z'?jft ;g\ !(($ df P=l6=Pd=-8]lj6 sf8{_ af6 ePsf] . • ;g\ @)!^ b]lv qm]l86 sf8{sf] k|of]u a9]sf]] .

  38. #= ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]usf u|fxs ;+Vof ljut % jif{df ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]usf u|fxs ;+Vofn] a9\bf] k|j[lQ . jfl0fHo a}+sx?af6 b}lgs s'n ?= ! cj{ *( s/f]8 @@ nfv sf/f]jf/ .

  39. $= ljQLo k|ljlwaf6 x'g] b}lgs sf/f]af/ /sd jfl0fHo a}+sx?sf] s'n ?= ! ca{ *( s/f]8 @@ nfv sf/f]af/ . k|lt jfl0fHo a}+ssf] ?=^ s/f]8 &^ nfv, ljsf; a}+ssf] ?=!( nfv ==== ;a}eGbf a9L s/La ^) k|ltzt sf/f]af/ 8]lj6 sf8{dfkm{t\ x'g] u/]sf] .

  40. %= /sd 6«fG;km/sf k|ljlwx? k|of]u ug]{ ;+:yf ljQ sDkgL / n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] cem} klg df]jfO{n, OG6/g]6, O–jfn]6sf] k|of]u sd tyf ub}{ gu/]sf] .

  41. ^= ljQLo k|ljlwdf nufgL tyf ;+rfng vr{ s'n nufgLdf ljQLo k|ljlw zLif{ssf] nufgL c+z sd /x]tfklg s'n ;~rfng vr{df ljQLo k|ljlw ;+rfng vr{sf] c+z -!%=^% k|ltzt_ /x]sf] .

  42. &= ljQLo k|ljlwsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr{ ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] s'n cfDbfgLdf ljQLo k|ljlwsf] of]ubfg sd /x]tfklg ljQLo k|ljlwsf] cfDbfgLn] k|ljlwsf] ;+rfng / ;'/Iff vr{x?nfO{ wfGg ;Sg] cj:yf /x]sf] .

  43. *= ljQLo k|ljlwdf nufgL tyf ;+rfng vr{ a}+s tyfljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] cfDbfgL / pgLx?sf] nufgL÷;+rfngvr{÷sf/f]af/aLr ;sf/fTds ;DaGw /x]sf] .

  44. ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]usf ;Defjgf

  45. != ljQLo k|ljlw clej[l4 /0fgLlt / efjL ;f]w

  46. @= hgzlQm Joj:yfkgdf k|efj =

  47. ljQLo k|ljlw k|of]usf r'gf}tL

  48. != ljQLo k|ljlwsf] gf]S;fgLsf] cj:yf

  49. @= ljQLo k|ljlw b'?kof]usf sf/0f tyf Go"gLs/0fsf pkfox?

  50. #= tYof+s÷;"rgf ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf Antivirus, Firewall h8fg, u|fxssf] Two Factor Authentication-2FA,l;=l;=l6=le= h8fg, DRS, DC, Data Increption.

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