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Moving Data, Printing Information, and Formatting Output

Moving Data, Printing Information, and Formatting Output. Chapter 6. MOVE Statement. MOVE identifier-1 TO identifier-2 Copies contents of identifier-1 To identifier-2 identifier-1 is sending field identifier-2 is receiving field. FORMAT 1:. Moving Figurative Constants.

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Moving Data, Printing Information, and Formatting Output

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  1. Moving Data, Printing Information, and Formatting Output Chapter 6

  2. MOVE Statement • MOVE identifier-1 TO identifier-2 • Copies contents of identifier-1 To identifier-2 • identifier-1 is sending field • identifier-2 is receiving field FORMAT 1:

  3. Moving Figurative Constants • ZEROS may be moved to numeric or alphanumeric field • SPACES moved only to alphanumeric field

  4. Rules for Nonnumeric MOVE • Characters moved from left to right • If receiving field longer, low-order (rightmost) positions replaced with spaces • If receiving field shorter, low-order characters in sending field truncated

  5. Group Moves • When receiving field is group item, alphanumeric MOVE rules followed • If subfields are numeric, invalid data may be stored in subfields

  6. Plus or Minus Signs • PIC clause with 9’s is unsigned field • Value assumed to be positive • Use S with 9’s in PIC clause of sending field to define signed field • Use PIC of S9(3) to store -425 • Report-item field must include + or - editing symbol to print or display a sign

  7. Displaying Minus or Plus Sign Assume a PICTURE of S9(3) for WS-AmtOut-AmtWS-AmtPICTUREContents 007- -ZZZ -bb7 218+ ZZZ- 218b 082+ +ZZ9 +b82 030- $ZZZ+ $b30- Examples:

  8. Spaces, Zeros, or Slashes • B (space or blank), 0 (zero) or / (slash) may be inserted in report-item PIC as separator • Used to edit either nonnumeric or numeric fields

  9. Spaces, Zeros, or Slashes Assume PIC 9(3) for WS-Amt PIC X(3) for WS-Name Report-Item ContentsPICTUREContentsWS-Amt 528 99BB9 52bb8WS-Amt 218 999,000 218,000WS-Name RAY XBXBX RbAbY WS-Name JAN X/X/X J/A/N Examples:

  10. Editing with Floating Strings • Used to place $, + or - directly preceding first significant digit • For example, 000516 becomes $5.16 instead of $ 5.16 • In edit string, replace all Z’s with floating character ($, + or -) • Suppresses leading zeros, commas

  11. Editing with Floating Strings Assume a PICTURE of S9(4)V99 for WS-AmtOut-AmtWS-AmtPICTUREContents 0002^29- $$,$$$.99 bbbb$2.29- 0036^62+ ++,+++.99 bbb+36.62 0007^05- ---99.99 bb-07.05 Examples

  12. Illegal Move Statements • MOVE alphanumeric-field TO numeric-field • MOVE alphanumeric-field TO numeric-edited-field • MOVE numeric-field-with-decimal-positions TO alphanumeric-field • MOVE group-field TO numeric-field • MOVE group-field TO numeric-edited-field

  13. File Access • “Read a File…” • “…Write a Record!”

  14. File Access • READ the input file and MOVE the entire record to an area in working storage. • READ filename INTO ws-area • Format the output line in WS, move the ws-area to the output record, WRITE the record. • WRITE record FROM ws-area

  15. WRITE … FROM Statement • To transfer data from storage to print area and then print • Replaces MOVE and WRITEWrite Print-Rec From Heading-1 instead ofMove Heading-1 to Print-Rec Write Print-Rec

  16. ADVANCING Option • Single spacing for WRITE is default • Use AFTER or BEFORE ADVANCING to obtain any number of blank lines between each print line

  17. WRITE … AFTER ADVANCING • Write Print-Rec From Heading-Line-1 After Advancing 2 Lines • Causes paper to advance two lines • Heading-Line-1 printed on second line • Creates double spacing - one blank line followed by printed line

  18. WRITE … BEFORE ADVANCING • Write Print-Rec From Heading-Line-1 Before Advancing 2 Lines • Heading-Line-1 printed first, then spaces two lines • Results in overprinting if first line already contains printed output • As a rule, use either BEFORE or AFTER in program but not both

  19. PAGE option • Word PAGE after ADVANCING causes paper to advance to next page • To advance paper to top of new page and print a heading, code Write Print-Rec From Heading-Line-1 After Advancing Page

  20. End-of-Page Control • When page is full, need to advance to next page and print headings again • Define WORKING-STORAGE field for line counter • Initialize line counter to zero and increment it each time a line is printed • When line counter equals or exceeds line limit for page, advance to next page

  21. Printing Page Numbers • Define WORKING-STORAGE field for page number • Initialize and then increment page number each time new page begins • Move page number to report-item in heading line before printing it at top of a new page

  22. Accessing Date of Run • To get current date in program, access reserved word DATE • Stores date as six-digit field, two digits each for year, month and day • January 25, 2004 stored as 040125

  23. Accessing Date of Run ACCEPT identifier-1 FROMDATE FORMAT:

  24. Accessing Date of Run Accept WS-Date From Date • Where WS-Date defined as: 01 WS-Date. 05 Run-Year PIC 99. 05 Run-Month PIC 99. 05 Run-Day PIC 99. EXAMPLE:

  25. Printing Date of Run • WS-Date fields typically reformatted for printing • Moved to report-item fields listed in month, day, year order with slashes between them

  26. Report Headings • Print a primary heading at the top of the first page • Print page and column headings at the top of the first page and at the top of each subsequent page • Print a footer at the bottom of each page (i.e., page number) • Optional: Print a summary at the end of the report

  27. Report Layouts • The 132-position width is somewhat standard because most mainframe high-speed printers can print 132-position lines. • This IS NOT the case with our VAX system. • We are limited to 80-character print lines.

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