Anthropology 315 Third World Cultures

1. Anthropology 315Third World Cultures • Dr. Siemens • Office-Sierra Hall 240M • Office Telephone (818) 677-4931 • Office Hours • Tuesday and Thursday 8:20-9:20AM 3:30-4PM • and by appointment • Email stephen.siemens@csun.edu

2. 3x5 Card • Name • Reason for Class • Previous Anthropology • Email Address • Is there a particular Third World Culture of interest to you? • Anything else you want Dr. Siemens to know about you and your interests.

3. THE SCOPE OF ANTHROPOLOGYWhat anthropologists have you heard of?What did they study?

4. Harrison Ford as fictional Indiana Jones

5. Mary Leakey Discovered Oldest Footprints

6. Louis Leakey found fossil humans

7. Jane Goodall was first to study chimpanzees in the wild.

8. Jane Goodall still works for Chimpanzee conservation.

9. Dian Fossey was first to study gorillas in the wild.

10. Sigourney Weaver as Dian Fossey

11. Margaret Mead with Samoan Girls

12. Deborah Tannen

13. David Maybury-Lewis(right) Host of PBS series Millenium”Also founder of the human rights group “Cultural Survival”

14. Takes holistic view: religion, gender, social, global and historical perspectives. Main obstacle was convincing artists he was sympathetic. Metal artists gave thoughtful responses. Some appeared hostile on camera but friendly off camera. Anthropological approach was not first choice. Sam Dunn used anthropological training in heavy metal documentary Chicago Tribune 4-14-06

16. Indiana Jones* Mary Leakey Louis Leakey Jane Goodall Dian Fossey Margaret Mead Deborah Tannen David Maybury-Lewis Sam Dunn Explore Ruins (fictional) Fossil Hunter Fossil Hunter Chimpanzees Gorillas Samoan Girls American Women and Men Talking Xavante Rights Heavy Metal Music Anthropologists You may have Heard of *Fictitious anthropologist

17. Anthropologists in the News Anthropologists contribute to American society as well as to the international community of scholars

18. Forensic Anthropologist Identifying victims of political massacres Families accompany her sometimes LA Times August 4 A7 Maira Martinez

19. Studied Crystal Skull donated to Smithsonian Skull was made with modern tools Skull lacks prehistoric style features LA Times June 8, 2008 Jane MacLaren Walsh

20. Studied Japanese consumer culture Worked in Tokyo convenience stores Japanese buy exotic Colombian Giant beetles. Heads resemble samurai headgear $350/Giant beetle LA Times 5-21-08 A4 Biodiversity valuable to Colombian, German Viasus, left Colombia plans to market more biodiversity Gavin Whitelaw

21. Analyses genetic markers to connect African-Americans to ancestral populations and African-American kin. "At most, you're getting 1% of your ancestry…” Raymond A. Winbush “paternal DNA linked him to the Bubi, a people indigenous to Equatorial Guinea on Central Africa's Atlantic coast, and his maternal DNA linked him to the Tikar people of adjoining Cameroon. He also carried markers common in people of Dutch, French, British and German origin.” "The discovery helped me to locate myself more psychologically," he said. "It's all kind of wrapped up in the idea of locating oneself in history." LA Times 5-4-08 A6 Diana FullwileyHarvard

22. Wrote Samala dictionary from John P. Harrington’s notes Samala is a Chumash Language Chumash are native people of Los Angeles Santa Barbara Independent 4-24-08 Chumash financed dictionary Chumash are relearning language Last native speaker of Samala died 1965 Richard Applegate J.P. Harrington

23. Maira Martinez Jane MacLauren Walsch Gavin Whitelaw Diana Fullwiley Richard Applegate Identifying Colombian Political Victims Crystal Skulls Japanese Consumerism African Genetic Markers Chumash Language Anthropologists in the News

24. Anthropologists for Our Readings Turnbull-Mbuti, Weiner-Trobriands, Flint & de Waal -Darfur Evans-Pritchard and Siemens-Azande Trobriands (Weiner) Darfur Flint&deWaal Mbuti (Turnbull)

25. Colin Turnbull Mbuti (Sua)

26. Mitsuo Ichikawa Mbuti (Sua)

27. Robert Bailey-Mbuti (Efe) Justin Kendrick- Mbuti

28. Bronislaw MalinowskiTrobriand Fieldwork and Functionalism

29. Annette Weiner Trobriands

30. Darfur, Sudan • Julie Flint and Alex de Waal used research on Dor village by anthropologist Adam Abdul-Jalil Musa

31. Edward Evans-Pritchard Azande

32. Siemens Observes Azande Magic

33. Colin Turnbull Mitsuo Ichikawa Robert Bailey Justin Kendrick Annette Weiner Bronislaw Malinowski Adam Abdul-Jalil Musa Julie Flint and Alex de Waal Edward Evans-Pritchard Stephen Siemens Mbuti Pygmies Mbuti Pygmies Mbuti Pygmies Mbuti Pygmies Trobriand Islanders Trobriand Islanders Darfur Darfur Azande Azande Anthropologists for Our Readings

34. Why are all of these called anthropologists?

35. Anthropology Defined • Anthropology is the study of human beings in a holistic manner. • Holism means appreciating totalities as more than mere combinations of parts. • There are two ways anthropology is holistic. • 1) Comprehensiveness. Because anthropology is holistic its study includes all humans of all places and all times. • 2) Interrelatedness. Because anthropology is holistic any human group should be studied in its entirety, finding connections among economics, politics, religion, language, etc.

36. Nature and Nurture • A hundred years ago anthropology was the same as “racial” studies. • Biological determinism was the prevailing view. • Eugenics was popular. • Eugenics seeks to “improve” a population by identifying those with “good” genes and promoting their reproduction. Those with “bad” genes are prevented from reproducing. • Nazi extermination of Jews was eugenics. • Eugenics is inhumane and mistaken about genetics.

38. Cultural Determinism • Franz Boas argued that the important sources of human variation were learned rather than inherited. • Boas changed the prevailing view to cultural determinism. • Boas decreased the importance of biology to anthropology and increased the importance of learned culture.

39. Anthropological SubfieldsFirst four subfields are results of differences in methods. • Physical (or Biological) Anthropology • Archeology • Linguistic Anthropology • Cultural Anthropology • Applied Anthropology intersects the first four. • Has practical as well as intellectual goals.

40. Physical Anthropology • Physical Anthropology uses biological methods. Physical anthropology studies human origin, related species & variation.

41. Archeology • Archeology uses excavation methods and sampling. • Archeology studies artifacts. • Artifacts are objects made by humans.

42. Linguistic Anthropology uses linguistic methods. Linguistic anthropology studies language in use. Linguistic Anthropology

43. Cultural Anthropology • Cultural Anthropology uses participant observation. • Cultural anthropology studies cultures of living people. • This class is about cultural anthropology.

44. Intersects cultural, physical, linguistic and archeological anthropology. Works with organizations to solve problems using anthropology: business, government, non-governmental organizations. Creates commonality among practitioners Marietta L. Baba (right) as worked with major corporations such as Motorola. Current interest is in globally distributed work groups. Network analysis reveals rifts that hinder productivity. Applied Anthropology