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Thrips Management in Blueberries Oscar E. Liburd Entomology and Nematology Department

Thrips Management in Blueberries Oscar E. Liburd Entomology and Nematology Department University of Florida. Background. Flower thrips, Frankliniella spp. Adults 1/16 of an inch Yellow-orange coloration Wide host range, rapid colonizers Multiple generations per year

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Thrips Management in Blueberries Oscar E. Liburd Entomology and Nematology Department

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  1. Thrips Management in Blueberries Oscar E. Liburd Entomology and Nematology Department University of Florida

  2. Background Flower thrips, Frankliniella spp. • Adults 1/16 of an inch • Yellow-orange coloration • Wide host range, rapid colonizers • Multiple generations per year • Travel along wind currents

  3. Background - Thrips Lifecycle Pupa non-feeding Larval feeding Male Female

  4. Flower-thrips species 97% 1% Western Florida flower thrips 1% 1% Eastern Other

  5. Goals (2005) • Track the movement of flower thrips into blueberry fields • To correlate thrips population with blueberry flower • development • 3) To evaluate reduced-risk and conventional • insecticides for control of thrips in blueberries

  6. Tracking the movement of flower thrips into blueberry fields • 2 Farms were selected • Each farm had 49 sampling stations (white sticky traps) • Traps were collected every other day for 25 days • Correlated the number of thrips caught on traps with flower development

  7. Relationship between flower development and movement of thrips 40 - 50% 0 - 5% Day 7 Max 25 thrips/trap Day 3 Max 5 thrips/trap

  8. Movement of thrips into blueberry fields 80 – 90% 70 - 80% Day 16 190 thrips/trap Fruit formation Day 21 Day 13 35 thrips/trap 100 thrips/trap

  9. Results Size of thrips populations in relation to flower phenology Percentages of opened flowers 1 10 70 90 20 R = 0.9908; F = 107.8; df = 3,9; P < 0.0001

  10. Questions Q. When do I spray for thrips? Ans. It depends on several factors including history of farm If you have a history of high thrips population you should begin to spray when 5% of the flowers have opened If your farm usually experience low thrips population, you can wait until 50% of the flowers have opened to begin your spraying program Q. What should I spray?

  11. Pesticide efficacy results 2004 2005

  12. Effect of SpinTor on thrips population over 48 hours

  13. Question • What is the relationship between thrips numbers • and injury?

  14. Thrips Injury Hand pollination Thrips release Flower protection Fruit formation counting Flower protection

  15. Thrips Injury fruits 0 thrips /flower

  16. Thrips Injury fruits Oviposition Injury (5 to 10 thrips / flower)

  17. Thrips Injury Fruit dehydration 20 thrips /flower

  18. Thrips Injury Average ±S.E.M.

  19. Thrips Injury oviposition Style Petals • 2 blueberry species in FL • 250 flower per species • 27°C and 80% RH • 15 days Fruits Ovaries

  20. Thrips Injury oviposition a b c c F = 19.16; df = 3,46; P < 0.001

  21. Conclusions • Flower-thrips reduce the quality and quantity of the blueberries • 7 days after bloom the initiation of hot-spots are defined • Thrips are present in blueberry fields for about 25 days from flower opening to ‘petal fall’ • In cases where there are high populations of thrips, insecticides could be more effective if applied when the hot-spots are defined (5-10 days after bloom) • Assail, Diamond and Actara have shown to be significantly more effective than Malathion in • controlling thrips population in blueberry fields

  22. Acknowledgements • Florida Blueberry Growers Association (FBGA) • Michigan Blueberry Growers Association (MBG) • Florida and Georgiablueberry growers • Southern Region EPA grant #: X8-96424405-0 • Small Fruit and Vegetable Lab at UF

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