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Questions for Consideration

Questions for Consideration. What is policy? How do politics affect policy? How does policy affect politics? How does policy achieve change?. What is Policy?. What is policy?. Intentions of government actors Interpretations of various stakeholders Political compromise among policymakers

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Questions for Consideration

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  1. Questions for Consideration • What is policy? • How do politics affect policy? • How does policy affect politics? • How does policy achieve change?

  2. What is Policy?

  3. What is policy? • Intentions of government actors • Interpretations of various stakeholders • Political compromise among policymakers • By-product of games and relationships • Includes both ‘practices’ and also, the inactions of government • Images of an ideal society

  4. What is policy? • Policy as Text • Policy as Discourse Practice • Policy as Social Practice

  5. How do politics affect policy?

  6. “By behaving as if it were a reality, policy-makers may actually be making it a reality.” Marsh, Smith and Hothi, 2006, p 177

  7. The key to new Labour economics is the recognition that Britain [has] to compete in an increasingly international market place…. (Blair, 1996 quoted in Watson and Hay, 2003, p. 296)“International comparisons of children’s achievements in reading …. show a long ‘tail’ of underachievement in Britain ... most [people] are agreed that the educational system bears the main responsibility” (Literacy Task Force, 1997, p. 10)

  8. the state is forced to concentrate on the regulation of risk, not necessarily because risks are greater than in the past, but because the cultural climate in which risk is experienced and debated has changed radically, simultaneously heightening knowledge of risk, heightening sensitivity to its consequences, and heightening the capacity to mobilize to demand action against those perceived consequences. (Moran, 2003, p. 27)

  9. How does policy affect politics?

  10. Lowi’s Techniques of Policy Control

  11. How does policy achieve change?

  12. Policy Instruments – McDonnell and Elmore • Mandates • Inducements • Capacity Building • System Change • Persuasion

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