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Ch 25: The Prokaryotes: Bacteria & Archaea

Ch 25: The Prokaryotes: Bacteria & Archaea. Thiomargarita namibiensis. Bacterial cell shapes. Bacterial cell walls. lipid A. pseudomurein. pilus (pili pl.). Comparison. Axial filaments. Slime jets. 15.3. Nutritional modes for organisms Energy source phototroph vs. chemotroph

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Ch 25: The Prokaryotes: Bacteria & Archaea

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  1. Ch 25: The Prokaryotes: Bacteria & Archaea

  2. Thiomargarita namibiensis

  3. Bacterial cell shapes

  4. Bacterial cell walls lipid A

  5. pseudomurein

  6. pilus (pili pl.)

  7. Comparison

  8. Axial filaments Slime jets

  9. 15.3

  10. Nutritional modes for organisms Energy source phototroph vs. chemotroph For phototrophs: groupPS pigments(s) 1) purple S bacteriochlorophylls a or b 2) purple non-S bacteriochlorophylls a or b 3) green S bacteriochlorophylls a + c, d, or e 4) green non-S bacteriochlorophylls a + c 5) Halobacterium bacteriorhodopsin* 6) cyanobacteria chlorophyll a + phycobilins 7) PS-protists chlorophyll a + various 8) almost all land plants chlorophyll a + b

  11. Nutritional modes for organisms C source: autotroph vs. heterotroph Combinations chemoheterotroph chemoautotroph photoheterotroph photoautotroph

  12. Oxygen use aerobe vs. anaerobe facultative vs. obligate Extremophiles Symbiosis/symbioses mutualism commensalism parasitism/predation

  13. Human Microbiota

  14. Some harmful substances = lipid A proteins lipopolysaccharides

  15. Ribosomal DNA-based

  16. Aquificae Old lineage? all thermophiles & hyperthermophiles Aquifex Thermi Thermus aquaticus = “Taq” Most of the following photos are from the Internet - use the images/photos button on a search engine to find these or similar ones.

  17. Cyanobacteria = blue-green bacteria (chl a & phycobilins) Gloeocapsa Spirulina

  18. Azolla (fern) & Anabaena (cyanobacterium) symbiosis heterocyst

  19. Alpha Proteobacteria also: Rickettsia R. rickettsii R. prowazeckii mitochondria Agrobacterium Rhodobacter (purple NS)

  20. Most numerous bacterial genus on earth:Wolbachia (affect their host’s reproduction) insect egg mitochondria

  21. Beta Proteobacteria Neisseria N. gonorrheae N. meningitidis Nitrosomonas Bordetella

  22. Gamma Proteobacteria Others: Yersinia pestis Vibrio Salmonella S. typhi Pseudomonas

  23. Delta Proteobacteria Myxobacteria

  24. Epsilon Proteobacteria Nobel Prize Med. 2005

  25. trachoma animal cell STI

  26. Spirochaetes Borrelia burgdorferi Treponema denticola

  27. B. thetaiotamicron

  28. Firmicutes

  29. Low G+C Gram +’s: Clostridia Clostridium tetani Clostridium botulinum Clostridium perfringens Clostridium difficile

  30. Low G+C Gram +’s: Mycoplasmas Mycoplasma

  31. Low G+C Gram +’s: Bacilli & Lactobacilli Bacillus: B. anthracis Lactobacillus Staphylococcus: S. aureus Streptococcus S. pyogenes S. pneumoniae

  32. Actinobacteria

  33. Actinobacteria = actinomycetes (aka High G+C Gram +’s) Mycobacterium tuberculosis M. leprae

  34. Actinobacteria = actinomycetes (aka High G+C Gram +’s) Corynebacterium diphtheriae

  35. some examples pseudomurein

  36. Archaea

  37. Crenarcheota Pyrodictium Geogemma (121) Sulfolobus

  38. Archaea

  39. Euryarcheota halophiles methanogens Halobacterium Methanobacterium

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