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Bellringer

Bellringer. Get your folder Sit down Get out the LAB FORMAT/GRAPHING PRACTICE sheet from Thursday. Bellringer. What does it mean if something is organic? Do you eat organic foods? Why or why not?. Agenda. Objective : To introduce the organic macromolecules Agenda :

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Bellringer

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  1. Bellringer • Get your folder • Sit down • Get out the LAB FORMAT/GRAPHING PRACTICE sheet from Thursday

  2. Bellringer • What does it mean if something is organic? • Do you eat organic foods? Why or why not?

  3. Agenda • Objective: To introduce the organic macromolecules • Agenda: • Bellringer/Discussion • Notes • Grade bonding WS • Go over Data for Field Trip assignment • Go over lab for tomorrow • Homework: • QUIZ FRIDAY over everything before water

  4. INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Life's molecular diversity is based on the properties of carbon Organic compounds contain at least one carbon atom Covalent bonding enables carbon to form complex structures

  5. Skeletons may be unbranched or branched. Skeletons may have double bonds, which can vary in location Skeletons may be arranged in rings

  6. Molecule Types • Monomer: A small organic molecule • Polymer: A longer chain (organic molecule) of connected monomers • Monomers are usually linked by dehydration reactions (a water molecule is removed) • Polymers are broken down to monomers by the reverse process, hydrolysis (a water molecule is added)

  7. Dehydration Reaction Short polymer Unlinked monomer Dehydration reaction Longer polymer

  8. Hydrolysis Reaction Hydrolysis

  9. Biological Macromolecules Cells make an enormous number of polymers from monomers, and most of these can be put into 1 of the 4 Biological Macromolecules: Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids

  10. Bellringer • What is a “healthy” food you like? • What is an “unhealthy” food you like? • What makes these foods healthy/unhealthy?

  11. Agenda • Objective: To discuss nutrition • Agenda: • Bellringer/Discussion • Notes • Grade Chart • Introduce diet packet • Homework: • Lab starts tomorrow! • Packet due Monday • River assignment due tomorrow!

  12. Food and Nutrition • Everyone knows we need to eat, but why do we need to? • Food gives us nutrients • Nutrients: Substances in food that supply the energy/materials your body uses for growth, repair, and maintenance • Examples: • Water, Proteins, Carbs, Fat, Vitamins and Minerals

  13. Food and Nutrition • The energy we get from eating food is in the form of calories • CALORIE: The molecule we break down to give our bodies energy • Fats: give us 9 Calories/gram • Proteins: give us 4 Calories/gram • Carbs: give us 4 Calories/gram

  14. Fats/Calories • If we get calories from fats/carbs, then why do a lot of people avoid these foods? • Because most people eat more than they need!!! • If we eat more calories than we need, they stay in our body as fat!!! • This leads to lots of health risks, including obseity, diabetes, heart disease…

  15. Water • Every cell in the human body needs water!!! • Most body processes in the body need water • Blood, lymph, and other bodily fluids are mainly water • We should drink around 1 liter (8 cups) a day • If you don’t, dehydration can lead to many health problems

  16. Bellringer • Name me everything you consumed yesterday, in terms of food, water, and other liquids

  17. Agenda • Objective: To work on the water lab • Agenda: • Bellringer/Discussion • Nutrition Packet Overview • Lab • Homework: • River Assignment due tomorrow! • Nutrition Packet due Monday

  18. Bellringer • Name me everything you consumed yesterday, in terms of food, water, and other liquids • What topics are likely going to be covered on the upcoming test?

  19. Agenda • Objective: To work on the water lab • Agenda: • Bellringer/Discussion • Lab • Work on WS when you’re done • Homework: • WS due Friday

  20. Bellringer • Name me the monomer and polymer of the 4 organic macromolecules • Name me the main function/functions of each

  21. Bellringer • Name me a food that contains each of the macromolecules. • Name me an example of each. • Draw me the following bonds both pre and post bonding: • Na and Cl • CH4

  22. Bellringer • What are you most concerned about for tomorrow’s test? • If you took the test right now, what would you get? • Name and describe the 4 important characteristics of water.

  23. Bellringer • Is eating healthy and exercising worth it in your opinion? • Why or why not?

  24. Bellringer • Get out your materials/ supplies and get started!!!

  25. Study!!!

  26. Bellringer • What does it mean if something is organic? • Do you eat organic foods? Why or why not?

  27. INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Life's molecular diversity is based on the properties of carbon Organic compounds contain at least one carbon atom Covalent bonding enables carbon to form complex structures

  28. Skeletons may be unbranched or branched. Skeletons may have double bonds, which can vary in location Skeletons may be arranged in rings

  29. Molecule Types • Monomer: A small organic molecule • Polymer: A longer chain (organic molecule) of connected monomers • Monomers are usually linked by dehydration reactions (a water molecule is removed) • Polymers are broken down to monomers by the reverse process, hydrolysis (a water molecule is added)

  30. Dehydration Reaction Short polymer Unlinked monomer Dehydration reaction Longer polymer

  31. Hydrolysis Reaction Hydrolysis

  32. Biological Macromolecules Cells make an enormous number of polymers from monomers, and most of these can be put into 1 of the 4 Biological Macromolecules: Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids

  33. Carbohydrates Monomer: • Monosaccharide (simple) Polymer: • Polysaccharide (complex)

  34. Lipids Monomer: • Fatty Acid Polymer: • Triglyceride

  35. Proteins Monomer: • Amino Acid Polymer: • Polypeptide

  36. Nucleic Acid Monomer: • Nucleotide Polymer: • Nucleic Acid

  37. Bellringer • Get out your study guide • Circle the areas on the study guide that you are worried about on the test

  38. Agenda • Objective: To study for tomorrow’s test • Agenda: • Bellringer/Discussion • Go over lab rubric • Study • Homework: • Test tomorrow • Lab due Monday

  39. Bellringer • STUDY

  40. Chapter 3 The Molecules of Life

  41. INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Life's molecular diversity is based on the properties of carbon • Organic compounds contain at least one carbon atom • Covalent bonding enables carbon to form complex structures Carbon skeletons vary in length

  42. Skeletons may be unbranched or branched. Skeletons may have double bonds, which can vary in location Skeletons may be arranged in rings

  43. Cells make a huge number of large molecules from a small set of small molecules Four main classes of biological macromolecules: 1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3. Proteins 4. Nucleic acids

  44. Cells make the most of their large molecules by joining smaller organic monomers into chains called polymers Monomers are usually linked by dehydration reactions (a water molecule is removed)

  45. Short polymer Unlinked monomer Dehydration reaction Longer polymer

  46. Polymers are broken down to monomers by the reverse process, hydrolysis (a water molecule is added)

  47. Hydrolysis

  48. CARBOHYDRATES Monosaccharides (single sugars) are carbohydrate monomers • A monosaccharide has a formula that is a multiple of CH2O

  49. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS Two monosaccharides can join to form a disaccharide Polysaccharides are long chains of sugar units • Some polysaccharides are storage molecules • Starch in plants • Glycogen in animals • Some polysaccharides serve as structural compounds • Cellulose in plants

  50. Glucose Glucose Maltose

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