The Future of the Integrated Library Management System

1. The Future of the Integrated Library Management System Marshall Breeding Director for Innovative Technology and Research Vanderbilt University Library Founder and Publisher, Library Technology Guides http://www.librarytechnology.org/ http://twitter.com/mbreeding LATN Webinar 17 Nov, 2010

2. Summary • Marshall Breeding will present an overview of the current state of library automation, with a glimpse into the current and future trends involving integrated library systems. As library automation products mature and as demands increase for more openness and interoperability, we see increased emphasis on open source software and application programming interfaces as key differentiators. Discovery interfaces play an ever more important role, representing a decoupling between the ILS and other products that specialize in end-user presentation.

3. Library Technology Guides www.librarytechnology.org

4. Lib-web-cats Technology Profile

5. Lib-web-cats extended for RFID Products

6. ILS market in Australia – Public http://www.librarytechnology.org/lwc-ils-marketshare.pl?Country=Australia&Type=Public

7. ILS market in Australia – Academic http://www.librarytechnology.org/lwc-ils-marketshare.pl?Country=Australia&Type=Academic

8. Lib-web-cats tech profile

9. Library Journal Automation Marketplace • Published annually in April 1 issue • Based on data provided by each vendor • Focused primarily on North America • Context of global library automation market

10. LJ Automation Marketplace Annual Industry report published in Library Journal: • 2010: ??? • 2009: Investing in the Future • 2008: Opportunity out of turmoil • 2007: An industry redefined • 2006: Reshuffling the deck • 2005: Gradual evolution • 2004: Migration down, innovation up • 2003: The competition heats up • 2002: Capturing the migrating customer

11. New Models…  …no longer an industry where companies compete on the basis of the best or the most features in similar products but one where companies distinguish themselves through products and services that define different futures for their library customers.

12. Core Systems… Although ILS sales no longer completely define the library automation market, new sales and ongoing support of these flagship products continue as the largest and most reliable revenue stream.

13. General Findings • Moderately slow year for Core ILS products • Strong sales in Discovery Products • Strategy to move forward with new user interfaces and defer investments in ILS replacement • Current products deliver modern interfaces, while mainly addressing local content (ILS / local digital) • Emerging products bring vast collections of articles into the primary discovery layer: Web-scale discovery

14. Key Context: Libraries in Transition • Academic • Shift from Print > Electronic • Increasing emphasis on subscribed content, especially articles and databases • Public • Increased emphasis on patron engagement – on premises and via the Web • Strong emphasis on digitizing local collections • Demands for enterprise integration and interoperability • Period of crisis for many libraries through reduced funding

15. Key Context: Library Users in Transition • New generations of library users: • Millennial generation • Self sufficient – reluctant to seek assistance • Receptive to self-service • Perceive themselves as competent to use information tools without help • Web savvy / Digital natives • PervasiveWeb 2.0 concepts • Inherently collaborative work styles

16. Key Context: Technologies in transition • XML / Web services / Service-oriented Architecture • Beyond Web 2.0 • Integration of social computing into core infrastructure • Local computing shifting to cloud platforms • SaaS / private cloud / public cloud • Full spectrum of devices • full-scale / net book / tablet / mobile • Mobile the current focus, but is only one example of device and interface cycles

17. LMS: a legacy concept? • LMS = Integrated Library System (Cataloging + Circulation + OPAC + Serials + Acquisitions) • Focused on print and physical inventory • Electronic content at the Journal Title or collection level • Emerged in the 1960’s – 1970’s • Functionality has evolved and expanded, but basic concepts and modules remain intact • Note: Some companies work toward evolving the LMS to competently handle both print and digital content (e.g. Innovative Interfaces)

18. Rethinking library automation • Fundamental assumption: Print + Digital = Hybrid libraries • Traditional ILS model not adequate for hybrid libraries • Libraries currently moving toward surrounding core ILS with additional modules to handle electronic content • New discovery layer interfaces replacing or supplementing ILS OPACS • Working toward a new model of library automation • Monolithic legacy architectures replaced by fabric of SOA applications • Comprehensive Resource Management “It's Time to Break the Mold of the Original ILS” Computers in Libraries Nov/Dec 2007

19. Competing Models of Library Automation • Traditional Proprietary Commercial ILS • Millennium, Symphony, Polaris • Traditional Open Source ILS • Evergreen, Koha • Clean slate automation framework (SOA, enterprise-ready) • Ex Libris URM, OLE Project • Cloud-based automation system • WorldCat Local (+circ, acq, license management)

20. OCLC Web-scaleManagement Service • "the first Web-scale, cooperative library management service” • New highly scaleable platform for WorldCat • Cataloging • Interlibrary loan • Discovery (WorldCat Local) • Circulation • Acquisitions • License Management • Early deployments underway now – UTC, Pepperdine, etc In Challenge to ILS Industry, OCLC Extends WorldCat Local To Launch New Library System Marshall Breeding, Library Journal 4/23/2009http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6653619.html

21. Open Source Library Automation • Koha • Evergreen • Kuali OLE

22. The Shrinking LMS • The Library Management System no longer stands as the single library automation product that provides comprehensive support for all aspects of library operations. • Many libraries putting much less emphasis on LMS • Manages workflows related to physical materials • Investments in electronic content increasing • Management of e-content handled outside of the ILS

23. …shrinking LMS • Yet: libraries need comprehensive business automation more than ever. Mandate for more efficient operations. Do more with less. • Proliferation of automation products needed to handle all aspects of libraries can overwhelm many libraries • Libraries lack technical personnel and needed capital to purchase and manage multiple systems

24. Policies $$$ Funds BIB Vendor Holding / Items CircTransact User Legacy LMS Model Public Interfaces: Staff Interfaces: Interfaces Circulation Cataloging Acquisitions Serials OnlineCatalog BusinessLogic DataStores

25. Closed Systems End User Interfaces: No programmable Access to the system. Captive to the user Interfaces supplied by the developer Programmer access: Acquisitions Cataloging Circulation Functional modules: Data Stores: Staff Interfaces:

26. Academic and Research libraries especially struggle with how to deal with managing increasing proportions of licensed electronic content LMS geared toward print materials New products aim to manage library resources spanning print and electronic; owned or licensed Examples: Ex Libris URM, Kuali OLE Breaking out of the mold

27. Legacy ILS + e-content modules End User Interfaces: Federated Search OpenURL Linking Electronic Resource Mgmt System Circulation Acquisitions Functional modules: Cataloging Serials Data Stores: Staff Interfaces:

28. Policies LicenseTerms BIB Vendors Holding / Items CircTransact User Vendor E-JournalTitles $$$ Funds LMS / Electronic Resource Management Public Interfaces: Staff Interfaces: ` Application Programming Interfaces Circulation Cataloging Acquisitions Serials OnlineCatalog E-resourceProcurement LicenseManagement Protocols: CORE

29. $$$ Funds LicenseTerms BIB Policies Holding / Items CircTransact User Vendor LMS / Electronic Resource Management Staff Interfaces: Public Interfaces: Application Programming Interfaces Circulation Cataloging Acquisitions Licensemanager Serials + e-resources Online Catalog Print +Electronic

30. A set of tools used by programmers to: Extend Functionality Connect external systems Extract or synchronize data Proprietary API’s common in LMS space Moving toward open API’s and Web Services Application Programming Interfaces

31. Policies $$$ Funds BIB Vendor Holding / Items CircTransact User Legacy ILS Model / API ` Public Interfaces: Staff Interfaces: Interfaces Application Programming Interfaces Circulation Cataloging Acquisitions Serials OnlineCatalog BusinessLogic DataStores

32. $$$ Funds Policies BIB Vendor Holding / Items CircTransact User Legacy ILS Model / protocol Public Interfaces: Staff Interfaces: InterlibraryLoan System Application Programming Interfaces Protocols: SIP2 NCIPZ39.50OAI-PMH Circulation Cataloging Acquisitions Serials OnlineCatalog Self-Check

33. $$$ Funds Policies BIB Vendor Holding / Items CircTransact User Legacy ILS Model / External API Public Interfaces: Staff Interfaces: ExternalSystems & Services Application Programming Interfaces / Web Services Circulation Cataloging Acquisitions Serials OnlineCatalog Flexible Interoperability Protocols: SIP2 NCIPZ39.50OAI-PMH

34. Extensibility Interoperability Allows the LMS to connect with other automation components Create a matrix of interconnected systems rather than isolated silos with redundant data and functionality LMS maturity means similar levels of functionality LMS products increasingly differentiated by extent and quality of APIs and interoperability support Benefits of APIs to Libraries

35. Decoupled Discovery • Online Catalogs delivered with LMS products seen as not suitable for current Web-savvy library uses • Need to modernize the interface • Expand the scope to encompass all aspects of library collections

36. Evolution of library collection discovery tools • Bound handwritten catalogs • Card Catalogs • Library online catalogs – OPACs • Next-Gen Catalogs / Discovery interfaces • Social Discovery • Web-scale discovery services • Comprehensive presentation layer services

37. Bound Catalog National Library of Colombia

38. Card Catalog National Library of Argentina

39. Card Catalog National and University Library, Slovenia

40. Card Catalog

41. Card Catalog University of Kansas Library

42. Online Card Catalog Salem International University

43. Computerized card catalog

44. Online Catalog ILS Data Search: Search Results

45. Web-based online catalog

46. Disjointed approach to information and service delivery • Silos Prevail • Books: Library OPAC (ILS module) • Articles: Aggregated content products, e-journal collections • OpenURL linking services • E-journal finding aids (Often managed by link resolver) • Subject guides (e.g. SpringshareLibGuides) • Local digital collections • ETDs, photos, rich media collections • Metasearch engines • All searched separately

47. Federated Search • Simultaneous search of library catalog and selected remote resources of electronic content • Based on live, dynamic queries cast to multiple targets • Limited result sets, slow performance • Search and retrieval protocols: Z39.50, XML gateways

48. Federated Search ILS Data Digital Collections Search: ProQuest Search Results EBSCOhost … MLA Bibliography ABC-CLIO Real-time query and responses

49. Modernized Interface • Single search box • Query tools • Did you mean • Type-ahead • Relevance ranked results • Faceted navigation • Enhanced visual displays • Cover art • Summaries, reviews, • Recommendation services

50. Discovery Products http://www.librarytechnology.org/discovery.pl