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LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. PART II B – PAKISTAN’S FLOODS

This article explores the devastating floods that occurred in Pakistan in 2010 and the lessons learned from the disaster. It discusses the impact on communities, the challenges faced during evacuation and emergency response, and the need for flood resilience strategies. The article also highlights the importance of real-time monitoring and warning systems, as well as the international response to the disaster.

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LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. PART II B – PAKISTAN’S FLOODS

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  1. LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS. PART II B – PAKISTAN’S FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA 

  2. NATURAL DISASTER FACED BY PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKES GOAL: FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE CYCLONES FLOODS DEVELOP POLICIES FOR ACTIONS HAVING HIGH BENEFIT/COST LANDSLIDES ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

  3. NORTHWEST PAKISTAN (AND AFGHANISTAN) HIT BY CATASTROPHIC FLOODING AFTER PROLONGED MONSOON RAINS JULY 28-AUGUST 23, 2010 [NOTE: War and Ramadan (which began on Aug 12) were major hinderances]

  4. ONE-FIFTH OF PAKISTAN AFFECTED

  5. Over 1,600 Pakistanis died (and probably many more) and more than 20,000,000 were impacted, including 3,500,000 children, as rains swelled rivers, inundated villages, and triggered landslides, causing entire villages, roads, and bridges to be swept away and leaving some areas isolated.

  6. BACKGROUND OF THE 2010 FLOOD DISASTER

  7. Summer floods are common as a result of monsoon rains that swell rivers and streams across Pakistan, but 2010’s floods, which began in May and continued through August were the worst in 80 years, setting records in the province of KhyberPakhtunkhwa, parts of the Pakistan-administered Kashmir region, and the Punjab province.

  8. DERA ISMAIL KHAN: INUNDATED

  9. FLOOD SWOLLEN RIVER: MINGORA, SWAT

  10. MUZAFFARABAD: RISING FLOOD WATERS

  11. HAZARD MAPS • INVENTORY • VULNERABILITY • LOCATION • PREPAREDNESS • PROTECTION • EMERGENCY RESPONSE • RECOVERY and • RECONSTRUCTION FLOOD RISKS RISK MANAGEMENT ACCEPTABLE RISK RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK TOWARDS FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE DATA BASES AND INFORMATION PAKISTAN COMMUNITIES HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

  12. FLOOD RESILIENCE GOALS • PREPAREDNESS (BE READY FOR WHAT HAPPENS) • PROTECTION(BUILD TO WITHSTAND)

  13. THOUSANDS OF MUD BRICK HOMES COLLAPSED

  14. NOWSHERA: DAMAGED MUD HOUSE

  15. COLLAPSED HOUSE

  16. THESE LIVESTOCK WERE SAVED, BUT THOUSANDS DROWNED

  17. LOSS OF INFRASTRUCTURE HINDERED EMERGENCY RESPONSE

  18. TRYING TO DIVERT WATER

  19. FLOOD RESILIENCE GOALS • REAL-TIME MONITORING AND WARNING SYSTEMS (EVACUATION) • EMERGENCY RESPONSE (RESPOND TO NEEDS OF PEOPLE) • RECOVERY/RECONST. (RESTORE TO NORMAL QUICKLY)

  20. The survivalof some of the poorest of the poor living in the districts of Nowshera, Charsadda, Peshawar, Swat, and Lower Dir became problematic very early because of the prolonged, catastrophic nature of the monsoon rains and flooding.

  21. EVACUATION WAS DIFFICULT EVERYWHERE

  22. NOWSHERA: EVACUATION

  23. NOWSHERA: EVACUATION TO A SAFE HAVEN

  24. NOWSHERA: SEEKING HIGHER GROUND

  25. SEEKING HIGHER GROUND

  26. SEEKING A SAFE HAVEN

  27. EVACUATE WITH WHAT CAN BE CARRIED

  28. EVACUATE WITH WHAT CAN BE CARRIED

  29. EVACUATE WITH WHAT CAN BE CARRIED

  30. EVACUATE WITH WHAT CAN BE CARRIED

  31. EVACUATE WITH WHAT CAN BE CARRIED

  32. THIS EVACUATION FROM CHARSADDA WAS DIFFICULT

  33. CLINGING TO DEBRIS

  34. The USA provided $60 million for immediate emergency assistance along with Navy and Marine helicopters, rescue boats, water filtration units, prefabricated steel bridges and thousands of packaged meals, which Pakistani soldiers tossed from helicopters

  35. OVER 3.5 MILLION CHILDREN IMPACTED

  36. The United Nations announced Saturday, July 31, that they would provide $10 million dollars for immediate emergency assistance and would appeal for 460 million for an emergency effort to provide food, medicine, water, and shelter, especially for 3.5 million children.

  37. International response to the appeal of the United Nations for $460 million was unusually slow due mainly to global economic slow- down.

  38. MUZAFFARABAD: INADEQUATE TEMPORARY SHELTER

  39. INADEQUATE TEMPORARY SHELTER

  40. ADEQUATE TEMPORARY SHELTER?

  41. FOOD LINE IN PUNJAB PROVINCE: AUGUST 20

  42. FOOD LINE IN PUNJAB PROVINCE: AUGUST 20

  43. WAITING FOR FOOD

  44. PESHAWAR: MELONS BECAME PRECIOUS

  45. In Afghanistan, NATO and Afghan troops flew dramatic helicopter rescue missions in militant-held territory, displaying "acts of heroism that were awe inspiring," according to a spokesman for the Combined Air Power Transition Force.

  46. 30,000 Pakistani troops rescued 28,000 people using helicopters and other means, and distributed water and food.

  47. NOWSHERA: PAKISTANI ARMY DISTRIBUTING WATER

  48. By August 12th, rain-swollen rivers were receding, but the disaster was still growing because many of Pakistan’s poorest of the poor families had not only lost their homes, but also the ability to feed themselves, and were now threatened with disease..

  49. The rains paused on Monday, August 2, for a time, but survival for thousands was already a race with time as evacuation, search and rescue, mass care (food, clean water, and short- and long-term health care to prevent disease) were severely hindered by the widespread inundation and loss of infrastructure.

  50. On August 12th, Pakistan’s President Zardari made his first trip to Sukkur to view the flood impacts and to assure angry citizens concerned that they had been abandoned, that the Government was working very hard to obtain international relief.

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