Do Now:

1. Do Now: Grab Agenda 7:2 (Weebly or Out Box) Sit in your appropriate color group – based on the color at the top of your homework. Based on your stories, as a group, come up with a list of at least five characteristics of the Industrial Revolution.

2. Characteristics of the Industrial Revolution

3. Objective:Living the Industrial Revolution WHII.9a and c TSWDK of the effects of the Industrial Revolution during the 19th century by citing scientific, technological, and industrial developments and explaining how they brought about urbanization and social and environmental changes and by describing the evolution of the nature of work and the labor force, including its effects on families, the status of women and children, the slave trade, and the labor union movement.

4. Living the Industrial Revolution • The Factories Arrive… • Life

5. The Factories Arrive… From Cottage to Industry • Industrialization drove society from an agricultural to an urban way of life • Cottage Industry = individual workers use hand tools or simple machinery to make goods in their own homes or in workshops attached to their homes. • Factory System = a system of manufacturing based on the concentration of industry into specialized and often large establishments. • As cotton textiles, iron, and steel became more industrialized, the cottage industry disappeared. Family-based cottage industries displaced the factory system.

6. The Factories Arrive… British Enclosure Movement • Before the Industrial Revolution, land was publicly owned. Families farmed small tracts of land as they needed for their families. • However, in an attempt to raise revenue, the government began to portion off the land and sell it… to those that could afford it… • Wealthy individuals began to buy large parcels of land and fence off these “enclosures” as private property. • As the Industrial Revolution progressed, more private property was needed on which to build factories. • British Enclosure Movement

7. The Factories Arrive… Cities • Families could no longer make a living as a cottage industry • Farmers could no longer work public land • But the factories needed employment and so there was a huge move towards cities, creating a population explosion.

8. The Factories Arrive… Nineteenth-Century Urban Growth

9. The Factories Arrive… Cities • Families could no longer make a living as a cottage industry • Farmers could no longer work public land • But the factories needed employment and so there was a huge move towards cities, creating a population explosion. • Urbanization = the rapid and massive growth of, and migration to large cities.

10. Life In the factory • Early factories were miserable places: • Bad lighting • Lack of ventilation • Dangerous machines • Frequent breakdowns

11. Life In the factory • Safety standards were practically nonexistent, and workers in various industries could expect to contract serious diseases: • Laborers working with lead paint developed lung problems • Pewter workers fell ill to palsy • Miners suffered black lung disease • Operators of primitive machines lost fingers, hands, and even lives • Workers who suffered accidents were deemed at fault; and since there was little job security, a worker could be fired for almost any reason.

12. Life Women and Child Labor • The demand for plentiful and cheap labor led to the widespread employment of women and children. Horrible Histories: Victorian Child Horrible Histories: Victorian Maid

13. Life Women and Child Labor • The demand for plentiful and cheap labor led to the widespread employment of women and children. Horrible Histories: Victorian Child Horrible Histories: Victorian Maid • Girls as young as 6 were used to haul carts of coal, and boys and girls of 4 and 5 worked in textile mills, where their nimble little fingers could easily untangle jams. Horrible Histories: Victorian Claims

14. Life Women and Child Labor • The demand for plentiful and cheap labor led to the widespread employment of women and children. Horrible Histories: Victorian Child Horrible Histories: Victorian Maid • Girls as young as 6 were used to haul carts of coal, and boys and girls of 4 and 5 worked in textile mills, where their nimble little fingers could easily untangle jams. Horrible Histories: Victorian Claims • Owners of mines and factories exercised considerable control over the lives of their laborers. Horrible Histories: Children's Work Song

15. Life At home • No sanitary, water, or medical services

16. Life At home • No sanitary, water, or medical services • Families crammed 12-15 individuals to a room in a damp, dark cellar

17. Life At home • No sanitary, water, or medical services • Families crammed 12-15 individuals to a room in a damp, dark cellar • Bad diet, alcoholism, cholera, and typhus spread through the cities.

18. Life At home • No sanitary, water, or medical services • Families crammed 12-15 individuals to a room in a damp, dark cellar • Bad diet, alcoholism, cholera, and typhus spread through the cities. • Dramatic increase in illegitimate births and prostitution. Horrible Histories: The Poor and Paramedics

19. Conclusion • The Industrial Revolution… • Originated in England because of its natural resources (e.g. coal, iron ore). • The role of cotton textile, iron, and steel industries propelled the Industrial Revolution. • The British Enclosure Movement provided the land and work force for the factories. • Agricultural economics were based on the family unit. The Industrial Revolution had a significant impact on the structure and function of the family. • The Industrial Revolution placed new demands on the labor of men, women, and children. • Impacts of the Industrial Revolution on industrialized countries: • Population increase • Environmental pollution Exit Question: http://tinyurl.com/lhqkrja