1 / 12

Classification of Matter

Classification of Matter. Breakdown of Matter. Matter can be classified into…. Pure Substances A sample of matter, either an element or a compound , that consists of only one component with definite physical and chemical properties and a definite composition. . Pure Substances. Elements:

dino
Download Presentation

Classification of Matter

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Classification of Matter

  2. Breakdown of Matter

  3. Matter can be classified into… • Pure Substances • A sample of matter, either an element or a compound, that consists of only one component with definite physical and chemical properties and a definite composition.

  4. Pure Substances Elements: • simplest form of pure substance. • They cannot be broken into anything else by physical or chemical means (one type of atom) • Ex: iron (Fe), gold (Au) Compounds: • pure substances that are the unions of two or more elements. • They can be broken into simpler substances ONLY by chemical means • Ex: salt (NaCl), water (H2O)

  5. Matter can be classified into….. • Mixtures • two or more substances that are not chemically combined with each other and can be separated by physical means. The substances in a mixture retain their individual properties. Heterogeneous Mixture: not uniform in composition; Youcan see the different parts; Ex: oil and water, concrete, blood, pizza, sand in water Homogeneous Mixture: also called solution; uniform in composition; no visible parts; Ex: vinegar, clear air, salt water, brass

  6. Physical Separation Techniques • Filtration- solid part is trapped by filter paper and the liquid part runs through the paper • Vaporization- where the liquid portion is evaporated off to leave solid

  7. Physical Separation Techniques • Decanting- when liquid is poured off after solid has settled to bottom • Centrifuge- machine that spins a sample very quickly so that components with different densities will separate

  8. Physical Separation Techniques • Paper Chromatography- used to separate mixtures because different parts move quicker on paper than other

  9. States of Matter Solid Liquid • definite volume • indefinite shape • atoms are close together • atoms can overcome attractive forces to flow • definite volume • definite shape • atoms are packed together in fixed positions • strong attractive forces between atoms • only vibrate in place Gas • indefinite volume and shape • atoms move quickly • atoms are far apart • weak attractive forces • vapor refers to the gaseous state of a substance that is a solid or liquid at room temperature.

  10. change in a substance that doesn’t change the identity of the substance Ex. grinding, cutting, melting, boiling Includes all changes of state (physical changes of a substance from one state to another) Physical Changes in Matter

  11. Changes of State

  12. Chemical Changes in Matter • a change in which a substance is converted into a different substance • Reactants = Products • doesn’t change the amount of matter present (According to the law of conservation of mass: Mass is neither created nor destroyed; it is conserved.)

More Related