Warm-up #8

1. Warm-up #8 • Create a KWL for knights. Include at least three things you know and want to know. We’ll do the learn column later.

2. Do Now • Work on your Knight handout. • As a group share answers from your worksheet. • You will also need a half or whole sheet of loose leaf paper (title = Medieval Quiz #1)

3. Knights and Samurai Venn • Use your Knights worksheet and Life of Samurai worksheets (from the Japan section of your notebook) to compare and contrast knights with samurai. • At the bottom answer question 1c, 2a, 2b, 2c from the Chapter 9.4 Assessment.

4. Warfare • Wars were common during the Middle Ages. • Most were private fights between feudal lords, or lords and vassals, and were local conflicts but a few were large-scale events involving entire regions • For nobles, wars were an opportunity for glory and wealth. • For most people of the Middle Ages, however, war was a major cause of suffering and hardship. • The church • tried to limit the suffering caused by war by prohibiting acts of violence near churches and other holy buildings. • forbade violence against cattle and agricultural equipment as well as certain types of persons, including clergy, women, merchants, and pilgrims.

5. Warfare: Armor • Knights in the Middle Ages wore armor in battle and were heavily armed. • Armor was made of chain mail—small, interlocking metal links stitched to a knee-length leather shirt. • The knight would also wear an iron helmet and carry a sword, a large shield, and a lance. • When gunpowder was invented during the late Middle Ages, overlapping metal plates replaced chain mail. • Plate armor was so heavy that knights had to be hauled onto their horses with cranes.

6. Pair-Share • Why do you think that wearing armor was unpopular by the 1700s?

7. Becoming a Knight • To become a knight, a boy had to belong to the noble class and had to pass through two stages of training. • Page- The first stage began at about the age of seven. • The page would learn knightly manners and how to use and care for weapons. • Squire- the second stage usually the boy was a teenager. • The squire would take care of the knight's horse, armor, and weapons. • When ready, the squire would accompany the knight into battle. • If the squire proved himself to be a skilled and courageous fighter, he would be knighted in an elaborate religious ceremony.

8. Knight Life: Code of Honor • Chivalry was a system of rules that dictated knights' behavior towards others. • Knights were expected to be courageous in battle and to fight fairly. • If a knight used tricks and strategy to overcome an opponent, he was considered a coward. • A knight was expected to be loyal to his friends and to keep his word. • He was required to treat his conquered foes gallantly. • A knight was also expected to be courteous to women and the less powerful. • A knight was required to extend courtesy only to people of his own class.

9. Pair-Share • Compare and contrast chivalry to bushido.

10. Knight Life • A knight's coat of arms identified him • A coat of arms was a symbol that represented his personal characteristics. • A coat of arms was passed along from one generation to the next.

11. Knights Reader and Worksheet • Read the text and use it to answer the questions on your worksheet. • Please use complete sentences where appropriate.

12. Knights & Samurai • Japanese samurai and European Knights never actually met, but they had much in common. • Both had to take vows of loyalty to their lords. • Both were expected to be disciplined and honorable. • Both had codes of honor • Samurai had: Bushido • Knights had: Chivalry

13. Europe & Japan Differ • Although Samurai and Knights were very similar in many ways, their cultures were mostly different. JapanEurope Shintoism/Confucianism/________ Christianity Art: focused mainly on natureArt: focused mainly on religious themes Seppuku Forgiveness • Their feudal systems seemed similar but the cultures that lay behind them were different.

14. Japanese and European Feudalism

15. Compare and Contrast Foldable • Draw a Samurai & Knight Samurai Knight • Left: List Samurai’s & Japan’s unique qualities • Middle: List Japan’s & Europe’s similarities • Right: List Knights & Europe's unique qualities Samurai Similarities Knights