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Lecture 2: Frictional unemployment

Lecture 2: Frictional unemployment. III. Endogeneizing job destruction. Where are we?. So far, exogenous job destruction rate s Makes it difficult to talk about institutions such as firing costs Can’t use the model to explain the cyclical behaviour of job destruction

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Lecture 2: Frictional unemployment

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  1. Lecture 2: Frictional unemployment III. Endogeneizing job destruction

  2. Where are we? • So far, exogenous job destruction rate s • Makes it difficult to talk about institutions such as firing costs • Can’t use the model to explain the cyclical behaviour of job destruction • Can we extend it to make job destruction endogenous?

  3. The Mortensen-Pissarides model • 1 firm = 1 job • Each jobs produces p+σε • ε = idiosyncratic shock • εchanges according to a Poisson process • Arrival rate λ • Drawn from distribution F(), ε < εu • New firms start at ε = εu

  4. The firm’s life cycle: ε εu εd t

  5. The role of turnover costs: • In the absence of turnover costs, free entry at the highest productivity level would drive down all firms such that ε < εu out of the market • Here, profitable to go on rather than repaying the hiring cost next time

  6. Firms:

  7. Workers

  8. Solving the model • The model can be reduced to two conditions • A job creation condition given by • J(εu) = c/q(θ) • A job destruction condition given by • J(εd) = 0

  9. Computing the solution

  10. Graphically: PJD θ PJC εd

  11. Explaining the slopes: • Tighter labor marketsHigher recruiting costsHigher value of a jobLess incentives to destroy jobslower destruction margin • PJC downward sloping • Tighter labor marketsHigher opportunity cost of not searching Lower surplusHigher destruction margin • PJD upward sloping

  12. Comparative statics

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