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Fifth section (mid-term prep)

Fifth section (mid-term prep). Questions? Tylers@stanford.edu. Agenda. By now you should feel pretty familiar with: The lexicon The IPA Phonological patterns (especially in AAVE) American dialects AAVE grammar How writers and preachers use language

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Fifth section (mid-term prep)

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  1. Fifth section (mid-term prep) Questions? Tylers@stanford.edu

  2. Agenda • By now you should feel pretty familiar with: • The lexicon • The IPA • Phonological patterns (especially in AAVE) • American dialects • AAVE grammar • How writers and preachers use language • How comedians and every-day folks use language, too • Today we’re going to: • Go over any questions you have • These slides that follow are meant to help you review, but they aren’t actually a summary of “everything you actually need to know”. Hopefully you’ve been getting that through lectures, sections, readings, talking to classmates, and reviewing various practice questions posted to Coursework (usually inside these slide decks). • Make sure to take a look at the course objectives John handed out on Tuesday.

  3. Lexicon • What’s a lexicon? • What qualifies for being in the Black lexicon? • Look over assignment one and the comments you got back on it. • What is the bare minimum for a “lexical entry”? What else might you add? • What’s the role of slang in all of this?

  4. Phonetics/phonology • Can you recognize all the IPA characters? • Can you describe all the consonants in terms of place of articulation, manner of articulation, and voicing? • Make sure you know the vowels in the IPA, too. • Do take a look at what makes vowels different (but know the consonants better): high/low, front/back. These are about where your tongue is when you say them. You’ll probably need a mirror to practice going from one corner of the “vowel chart” to another. • Review the vocab around processes (sounds can drop, move around, change, etc. What do you call those things?) • Where are these processes more and less likely to occur? • Where do they apply in AAVE?

  5. Dialects • How’s a dialect different than a language? • What can you say about attitudes towards languages and dialects? • People can vary based on geography, what else?

  6. AAVE grammar • Negativity! • What are negative inversion, negative quantifiers, negative concord? • What are the constraints on these things? • What’s an existential? How are they different in AAVE? • How do questions work? • What about “the genitive”? (That’s just a fancy word for “possessive”, but you find it in Green and elsewhere.) • What’s tense, what’s aspect and what are some examples of each in AAVE? • Also: copulas, finna, steady, and come

  7. Using AAVE for effect • How can a writer or a preacher use AAVE to create an effect on his/her audience? What sort of effects can they have? • Can you build a connection between AAVE and “call and response”? • The representation of AAVE in writing has changed over time—how? • Who are some of the main authors and how did they get their place in the “canon” of Black literature? • What were their attitudes about writing in AAVE?

  8. Everyday poetry • Signifying • The dozens • Rapping • Marking • Loud-Talking • Woofing • Toasting

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