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Co-generation and District Heating Systems based on biomass, geothermal and solar thermal energy

Co-generation and District Heating Systems based on biomass, geothermal and solar thermal energy. Erik Larsson Manager, Energy Policy Swedish District Heating Association. District Heating in Sweden. 9 million inhabitants 50 TWh district heating Almost 50 % of total heat market

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Co-generation and District Heating Systems based on biomass, geothermal and solar thermal energy

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  1. Co-generation and District Heating Systems based on biomass, geothermal and solar thermal energy Erik Larsson Manager, Energy Policy Swedish District Heating Association 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  2. District Heating in Sweden • 9 million inhabitants • 50 TWh district heating • Almost 50 % of total heat market • Present in every community with more than 10 000 inhabitants • More than 600 DH systems • Still growing • Turnover 2,7 billion euro • Competing on the heat market 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  3. Fuel/energy used for District Heating in Sweden 1980 to 2005 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  4. Evolution in CO2 emissions globally and in Sweden Significant investments in District Heating are launched 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  5. We do not need fossil fuel for heating only! 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  6. Strategic heat sources 2003 flow from the five strategic heat sources for district heating in EU-32 (in EJ). Possible supply is approx. 200 times higher! Source:ECOHEATCOOL project 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  7. District heating effects Doubling the sales of district heat in Europe would • Reduce primary energy consumption by 2,1 EJ/a (Primary energy consumption of Sweden) • Reduce import dependency by 4,5 EJ/a (Primary energy consumption of Poland) • Reduce CO2 emissions by 400 mln tons / 9,3% ( Emissions of France from fossil fuel combustion) Source:ECOHEATCOOL project 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  8. Primary resource factors Primary resource factors express the ratio between the non-regenerative energy input and final energy used. The lower the PRF of a technology (in operation), the greater its contribution to reduce the use of fossil primary energy 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  9. To build new passive-houses is easy but how to make this house zero-emitting ? 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  10. Examples of low emitting District Heating

  11. Solar heating connected to District Heating Eksta Malmö Odensbacken Falkenberg Säter Kungälv Nykvarn Brædstrup, DK Marstal, DK 0,01 % of total Swedish DH 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  12. ”Geothermal” energy in District Heating • Defined as energy from the ground or lakes utilized by heat pumps. (RES dir) • Average COP of 3,1 heat pumps cover 8 % of Swedish District Heating • Decreasing because… • …carbon emissions similar to oil fired boilers 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  13. Efficiency of production of electric power in EU-27 in years 2000 and 2005 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  14. CO2 linked to heating and local electricity production -75% Facts Population: 95 000 Area: 3 200 km2 Sundsvall 1968-2008What you don’t see on the picture Yield from 35% to 80% Fossil fuels-80% (in 2012 0% fossil fuels) After Before 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  15. DH/CHP plant in Västerås, Sweden Block 1+2 Block 3 Block 4 Boiler 5 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  16. Available Technology and Investments with rapid pay-off To double the District Heating share in Europe from 7% to 15%: 70 B€ investment <4years pay-off time 10% reduction in CO2 emissions would reduce the need for fossil fuel imports to EU of 4,5 EJ/year Use money for investing in infrastructure instead of buying fossil fuels 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  17. Substitution of natural gas with district heating based on recycling of industrial surplus, cutting 7% of all CO2 emissions in the city of Varberg in less than 5 years Rapid implementation gives immediate effect on CO2 Source: Dr Sven Werner Professor, Energy Technology, Halmstad University 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  18. Integrated Power, Heat and Pellets production in Skellefteå Boiler & Turbine Capacity: 64 MW DH; 35 MW electricity Pellets production Capacity: 24 t/H Pellets 4,9 MW electricity Surplus heat and surplus electricity must be recognized as energyefficiency Accumulator 15 000 m3 Similar integrations can be done with other biofuel plants 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  19. Environmental improvements due to the Surplus heat utilization - Losses becomes useful heat • The heat is transported from FröviforsBruk to Frövi, Vedevåg and Lindesberg over an 18 km long transmission pipeline. 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  20. What are the opportunities with District Heating • Connecting energy sources to energy consumers and hereby utilize surplus energy from • Electricity production • Heavy industry and biofuel plants • Energy from waste • Introduce large scale biomass use, solar and geothermal heating • Less dependency on imported fossil fuel - money used for infrastructure – increases the security of supply 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  21. A few ideas to make it happen... • Definition of clear objectives at the policy level - • Cooperation between policy-makers and industry in the analysis • Strong participation of the industry in the development of technical tools and rules • Coherence is a key... • Do not fragmentize – keep Energy Efficiency, RES and CO2 reduction on the table all the time - District Heating do 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

  22. Conclusion More info at: www.euroheat.org www.ecoheatcool.org Or erik.larsson@svenskfjarrvarme.se 8th IPM on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Budapest

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