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The French and Indian War

The French and Indian War . SS8H3a. Explain the immediate and long-term causes of the American Revolution and their impact on Georgia; include the French and Indian War (i.e., Seven Years War)…. Prelude.

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The French and Indian War

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  1. The French and Indian War SS8H3a. Explain the immediate and long-term causes of the American Revolution and their impact on Georgia; include the French and Indian War (i.e., Seven Years War)…

  2. Prelude • The French and Indian War was the result of disputes between France and Great Britain that had been going on for almost 65 years. • The causes of the 9 year war that began in 1754 were: • GREED – the desire to have the most land in the New World and control the treasures of the territory. • FEAR – that one country would gain more power than the other. • With the exception of population differences in America, France and Great Britain were well matched.

  3. British – French Comparison Great Britain France Stronger Army Trading partners with many of the western tribes Settlers got along More experienced military leadership • Navy was the most powerful in the world • Strong alliance with the 6 tribes of the Iroquois Confederacy. • Settlers squabbled among themselves

  4. Disputed territory • Tension between the countries increased because both claimed the area of the Ohio River Valley. • This frontier region was huge, about 200,000 square miles (about the size of France). • British traders had formed agreements with tribes that had previously traded only with France.

  5. Timeline • 1753 – Virginia's governor sent a young George Washington to warn the French that the Ohio River Valley did not belong to them and to stop building forts there. Those demands were ignored. • 1754 – Governor Dinwiddie again sent Washington to the French with a message; this time he did not go alone. • Led 150 Virginia militia troops to Fort Duquesne (near present day Pittsburgh). • Set up a crude, round stockade of wooden stakes, which they name Fort Necessity. • A scout reported about 30 French soldiers in a nearby camp, so Washington’s men attacked killing 10 and forcing the rest to surrender. • A short time later the French attacked Fort Necessity.

  6. Timeline • July 3, 1754 – severely outnumbered and having lost about one-third of his troops, Washington had no choice but to surrender to the French. • The war had begun. It soon spread to Europe, where it was known as the Seven Years’ War. • 1754 – 1757 – The firs few years of the war in America consisted of a series of disappointing losses for the British and their colonies. As the war progressed, Great Britain continued to suffer losses both in the colonies and on the continent of Europe. • 1757 – William Pitt was put in charge of the war effort. He used the strength of the British navy.

  7. Timeline • 1759 & 1760 – Great Britain captured the key French Canadian cities of Quebec and Montreal, respectively. • 1760 – Washington again led troops to Fort Duquesne; this time he was victorious. The frontier was made safe and came under British control. • 1763 – The Treaty of Paris is signed which formally ends the war in North America. • Georgia did not take part in the war, but it was helped by it. • The Treaty of Paris set Georgia’s western border at the Mississippi River.

  8. Results of the French and Indian War • The British gained control of Canada • The Frontier – the Ohio Valley and all lands east of the Mississippi River – opened for settlement by the other colonies • Great Britain obtained Florida from Spain, which had been a ally of the French during the war • France gave the Louisiana Territory to Spain for its help during the war • After 150 years of colonization, France lost all of its land in the area

  9. Results of the French and Indian War • Perhaps most importantly, the French and Indian War led to the American Revolution. • After the war, Great Britain found itself left with a huge war debt • To the British, it seemed logical to tax the colonists to cover those expenses

  10. Review • Which statement about Georgia regarding the French and Indian War is correct? • Georgia gained new territory as a result of the war • Georgia colonists suffered great losses of line and property • Georgia was a buffer zone in the fighting between the French and the Indians • Georgia was the only colony to support the French against the British in the war

  11. Review • Which statement about Georgia regarding the French and Indian War is correct? • Georgia gained new territory as a result of the war

  12. Review • How did the French and the British compare as the French and Indian War began? • The French forces had more experienced military leaders but lacked a strong army to fight the British. • The French had a number of alliances with the Indians, but the British had a larger number of troops. • The French had the strongest navy and army but their settlers fought bitterly among themselves. • The British had the strongest navy and army but lacked Indian alliances to fight the French.

  13. Review • How did the French and the British compare as the French and Indian War began? • The French forces had more experienced military leaders but lacked a strong army to fight the British. • The French had a number of alliances with the Indians, but the British had a larger number of troops. • The French had the strongest navy and army but their settlers fought bitterly among themselves. • The British had the strongest navy and army but lacked Indian alliances to fight the French.

  14. Review • During the French and Indian War, why did not of the Native American tribes side with the French? • The Indians had become Catholic. • The Indians worked for the French as guides. • The Indians negotiated treaties with the French. • The Indians were trading partners with the French.

  15. Review • During the French and Indian War, why did not of the Native American tribes side with the French? • The Indians had become Catholic. • The Indians worked for the French as guides. • The Indians negotiated treaties with the French. • The Indians were trading partners with the French.

  16. Review • Which statement BEST describes how the French and Indian War led to America’s Revolutionary War? • Great Britain gained control of Canada and tried to use Canada’s tax structure on the thirteen colonies. • France lost the Louisiana territory, and the southern colonies argued with Great Britain over claims to the newly acquired land. • To get revenge, France incited rebellion in the colonies and enticed Spain to move into the territories of the British colonies. • To get money to repay war debts, Great Britain taxed the colonies on the premise that the war had been necessary to protect the colonies from the French.

  17. Review • Which statement BEST describes how the French and Indian War led to America’s Revolutionary War? • Great Britain gained control of Canada and tried to use Canada’s tax structure on the thirteen colonies. • France lost the Louisiana territory, and the southern colonies argued with Great Britain over claims to the newly acquired land. • To get revenge, France incited rebellion in the colonies and enticed Spain to move into the territories of the British colonies. • To get money to repay war debts, Great Britain taxed the colonies on the premise that the war had been necessary to protect the colonies from the French.

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