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WHAT IS RELIGION

WHAT IS RELIGION. Throughout history and across the world, people have asked questions about where the world came from, who they are, and what their purpose is in life. THE WORD “RELIGION” COMES FROM THE LATIN “RELIGO” – WHICH MEANS DUTY.

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WHAT IS RELIGION

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  1. WHAT IS RELIGION

  2. Throughout history and across the world, people have asked questions about where the world came from, who they are, and what their purpose is in life.

  3. THE WORD “RELIGION” COMES FROM THE LATIN “RELIGO” – WHICH MEANS DUTY. • Many religions expect their believers to live by a set of guidelines or rules.

  4. What most religions have in common…. • A SUPREME POWER • THE CONCEPT OF A “SOUL” • WORSHIP • SCRIPTURES • SACRED OBJECTS • SACRED PLACES • RITES OF PASSAGE

  5. How many people practice a religion? • The Largest main World Religions in order are: • Christianity: 2.1 billion • Islam: 1.5 billion • Hinduism: 900 million • Buddhism: 376 million • Sikhism: 23 million • Judaism: 14 million • Scientology: 500 thousand

  6. The Five Oldest main World Religions in order are:Hinduism - The oldest religion, it may date to prehistoric times. • Judaism - The Hebrew leader Abraham founded Judaism around 2000 B.C.E. Judaism is the oldest of the monotheistic faiths (religions with one god). • Christianity - Founded by Jesus Christ, who was crucified around C.E. 30 in Jerusalem. It was after his death when his followers came to believe in him as the Christ, the Messiah.

  7. Buddhism - Founded by Siddhartha Gautama, called the Buddha, in the 4th or 5th century B.C.E. in India. • Islam - Founded in Arabia by Muhammad between C.E. 610 and C.E. 632

  8. THE FOUR WE WILL STUDY • I. CHRISTIANITY • II. JUDAISM • III. ISLAM • IV. BUDDHISM

  9. JUDAISM • First emerged in 1800BCE. • Oldest religion based on a belief in one God. • ½ of the world’s Jews live in the USA, ¼ in Israel, and the rest are scattered throughout the world

  10. KEY WORDS • THE TORAH AND THE TALMUD: the religious teachings and beliefs of the Jewish people. • ORTHODOX VS NON-ORTHODOX: traditional vs modern thinking • HANUKKAH: celebrated in Nov/Dec and lasts for eight nights. Recognizes the Jews persecution and strength in the face of it.

  11. THE TEN COMMANDMENTS • Communicated to MOSES by God. Examples: Do not kill, do not steal, do not envy, worship on one God (the God)

  12. The Old and the New Testament The Old Testament tells of the creation of the world and focuses on following God’s law. The New Testament tells of the life of Jesus, and how, through him, God could communicate to people.

  13. CHRISTIANITY • Christians believe in the teachings of a man name Jesus, who was called Christ by his followers. Christ is the Greek word for “Messiah”, meaning “chosen one”. For Christians, Jesus is the Son of God: God in human form.

  14. Many kinds of Christianity • Since it began, Christianity has divided into many different branches. • Today, more than one third of the world’s population consider themselves to be Christian and more copies of The Bible have been printed than any other book.

  15. BUDDHISM • First developed in INDIA in 550BCE • SIDDHATTHA GOTAMA – became the BUDDHA (enlightened one) • Now are 500 million Buddhists in the world

  16. Who was Buddha? • Siddharta Gotama was born into a rich family in Nepal. At 29, he realized that wealth and luxury did not guarantee happiness, so he explored different religions and philosophies to find the key to human happiness.

  17. Key Words • Karma (good and bad acts come full circle back to you) • Reincarnation: continuous cycle of suffering • Nirvana :place of ultimate peace – freedom suffering

  18. BELIEVE IN THE EIGHT-FOLD PATH • Right Intention, Viewpoint, Speech, Action, Work, Effort, Mindfulness, and Meditation • There are different kinds of Buddhism…

  19. A Prophet is born…. • The Prophet Muhammad was born in Mecca in about C.E. 570.

  20. Abraham and Ishmael. According to Muslim tradition, the history of the Muslims begins with the story of Abraham and Ishmael. Both Jews and Arabs regard Abraham, who may have lived between about 1800 and 1500 B.C., as the father of their people. Abraham's wife Sarah was past childbearing age, so she gave her handmaiden Hagar to her husband as a second wife. Hagar bore a son, the prophet Ishmael. Later, Sarah and Abraham also had a son, the prophet Isaac. After Isaac's birth, Sarah pressured Abraham into expelling Hagar and Ismael from his house.

  21. Muhammad was born about A.D. 570 in the Arabian city of Mecca. Muslims believe that in about 610, he began to receive revelations from Allah that were transmitted by the angel Gabriel. These revelations took place in the cities of Mecca and Medina over about a 22-year period. They were assembled in a book called the Qur'ān

  22. Muslims,  «MUHZ luhmz», sometimes spelled Moslems, are people who practice the religion of Islam. The Prophet Muhammad first preached the religion in the C.E. 600's. Islam originated with the Arabs in the Middle East. By the mid-700's, Muslims had built an empire that stretched from the Atlantic Ocean to the borders of China.

  23. ISLAM • Islam,  «ihs LAHM or ihz LAHM», is the name given to the religion preached by the Prophet Muhammad in the A.D. 600's. Islam is an Arabic word that means surrender or submission. God is called Allah (in Arabic, pronounced ah LAH), which means The God. A person who submits to Allah and follows the teachings of Islam is called a Muslim.

  24. ISLAM • BEGAN IN THE 7th Century CE • Comes from the Arabic word “submission” • Go by the FIVE PILLARS – directs their lives • Believe that charity is good for a person’s soul • Pray a lot…. 5 times a day… throughout the day, preferably with other Muslims, facing the Holy City of MECCA • Muslims conquered Spain in 711CE. • “Bible” – is the Qur’an. 114 chapters

  25. ISLAM (CONT.) • 5 PILLARS: • i) repeat a phrase of prayer • ii) pray often to Allah/God • iii) give to charity • iv) fast (no eating) during the month of RAMADAN – 9th lunar month. This allows time for reflection and a return to goodness • v) travel (pilgrimage) to Mecca to show respect.

  26. Islam is the world's second largest religion behind Christianity • More than half of the world's Muslims live in South and Southeast Asia.

  27. Are we born “good”? • Muslims believe that children are born without evil and that all people can lead themselves to eternity once God has shown them the way. Believers in Islam achieve eternal happiness by following the books of God's messengers. Muslims believe in heaven and hell. Where people go after death is based on their actions during life.

  28. Reflection Time… • What do the world religions have in common? • What are some differences? • Which religion sounds most interesting/appealing to you? Why?

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